Post on 02-Mar-2018
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MOTORE MONOFASICOS MAQUINAS ELECTRICAS
INACAP
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MOTORES MONOFASICOS
ASIGNATURA..MAQUINAS 1PROFESOR..JOSE MOYA
ALUMNOS HERNAN MONTECINO
CRISTIAN RODRIGUEZ
NELSON GARCES
FECHA.14/06/2013
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MOTORES MONOFASICOS
E !"#$ %&" $ '()!*)&$'*+) ,-"")!$#( " (-" (
#(!(-" #()(*'(. D""#( " ")!")"- %&" (
#(!(-" #()(*'( !*")") &)$ ($ $" "$*#")!$'*+) )( ,("") &) '$#,( *-$!(-*( *)( %&"
!*")") &) '$#,( #$)5!*'( ,&$)!" $ '&$ " $'"
*7'* " %&" "8*!$ &) !(-%&" ") " $--$)%&" ,(- (
%&" )"'"*!$ " *,(*!*9( "8!-$ ,$-$ *)*'*$- "#(9*#*")!( " $ #%&*)$.
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MOTORES MONOFASICOS
P$-$ " $--$)%&" " &!**:$- &) (*)$( $&8**$-
"!( *") ,(*'*()$( ; '(('$(
$"'&$$#")!" " !$ (-#$ %&" " '-"$- &)$ $"
*'!*'*$ ; " "!$ #$)"-$ $- ,(*" %&" " '-""
&) '$#,( *-$!(-*( ,$-$ $- ,$- ; $7 ,&"$ $-
#(9*#*")!(.
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MOTORES MONOFASICOSBOBINADOS DE ARRANQUE Y PRINCIPAL
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BOBINADOS DE ARRANQUE Y PRINCIPAL
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QUE ES UN MOTOR ELECTRICO ?
U) #(!(- "5'!-*'( " &)$ #%&*)$ "5'!-*'$
%&" !-$)(-#$ ")"-7$ "5'!-*'$ ") ")"-7$#"')*'$ ,(- #"*( " *)!"-$''*()"
""'!-(#$)5!*'$. A&)( " ( #(!(-"
"5'!-*'( () -"9"-*" ,&"")!-$)(-#$- ")"-7$ #"')*'$ ") ")"-7$
"5'!-*'$ &)'*()$)( '(#( ")"-$(-".
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QUE ES UN MOTOR MONOFASICO?
M(!(- #()(*'( " $%&" %&" &)'*()$ '()
&)$ ($ $" ; &) )"&!-(
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DIAGRAMAS DEL MOTOR MONOFSICO
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PARTES DE UN MOTOR MONOFSICOS
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PARTES DE UN MOTOR MONOFSICOSCARCASA
CARCAZAL$ '$-'$:$ " ( #(!(-" "5'!-*'(
#()(*'( " '$,$'*!(- ,"-#$)")!" ()
'()"''*()$$ ") *"-")!" !$#$>( ;
#$!"-*$" '(#( $*)*( *"--( &)*(
-*'"( ( $"$'*+) " $*)*( "
$'&"-( $ )(-#$ $"# ,("")
*&(-" " '$(- ") & $-""(- ?&)!( $ $
$" " &?"'*+).
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PARTES DE UN MOTOR MONOFSICOS
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PARTES DE UN MOTOR MONOFSICOS
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ESTATOR
E "!$!(- " '(#,()" " &) )@'"( " '$,$ "
$'"-( '() -$)&-$ "#*'"--$$ " &)$ ,"$$
'$-'$$ " $'"-( ( " &)*'*+) ")!-( " $ '&$
"!$ *)!-(&'*( $ ,-"*+) " )@'"( " '$,$ ; "
( $--($#*")!( " *( " '(-" $*$( $(?$(
") $ -$)&-$ ; $#$( -","'!*9$#")!"
$--($#*")!( ,-*)'*,$ ( " !-$$?( ; $--($#*")!($&8**$- ( " $--$)%&".
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ESTATOR
Figura 2: Tipos de estatores
POLOS SALIENTES RANURADO
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ESCUDOS O PLACAS TERMINALES
L( "'&( ( ,$'$ !5-#*'$ "!) *?$(
$ $ '$-'$$ " "!$!(- ,(- #"*( " !(-)*(( ,"-)(B & #**+) ,-*)'*,$ " #$)!")"- "
"?" " -(!(- ") ,(*'*+) *)9$-*$". C$$
"'&( !*")" &) (-**'*( '")!-$ ,-"9*!( ,$-$$(?$- " '(?*)"!" ()" "'$)$ " "8!-"#(
'(--",()*")!" " "?" -(!(-*'(.
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TAPAS O ESCUDOS TERMICOS
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INTERRUPTOR CENTRIFUGO
E *)!"--&,!(- '")!-7&(
9$ #()!$( ") " *)!"-*(-
" #(!(-. S& #**+) "
"'()"'!$- "$--($#*")!( "
$--$)%&" ") '&$)!( "
-(!(- $ $'$):$( &)$
9"('*$,-""!"-#*)$$ " &)
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ARROLLAMIENTOS ESTATORICOS
S() ( *&*")!"
U) $--($#*")!( " !-$$?( ( ,-*)'*,$ $ $" "
'()&'!(- " '(-" -&"( $*$( *,&"!(
")"-$#")!" ") " ()( " $ -$)&-$ "!$!(-*'$.
A--($#*")!( " $--$)%&" ( $&8**$- $ $" "
'()&'!(- " '(-" *)( $*$( *!&$()(-#$#")!" ")'*#$ " $--($#*")!( " !-$$?(.
A#( $--($#*")!( "!) &)*( ") ,$-$"(.
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BOBINAS DE ESTATOR
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S" &!**:$ '(#( '$,$'*!(-"
" $--$)%&" ") #(!(-"
#()(*'( "!"
*"5'!-*'( "!$ '()!*!&*(
,(- (?$ " ,$,"*#,-")$( ") $'"*!". S"
'()!-&;") ") '()
'$,$'*$" ")!-" 2 ; 0
#*'-($-$*(.
CONDENSADORES DE ARRANQUESELECTROLTICOS
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S" '(#( &!**:$ '(#(
'$,$'*!(-"
,"-#$)")!" ")
#(!(-" #()(*'(" '()"'!$) ") ,$-$"(
$ $ !")*+) " #(!(- ;
" *)!$$) &"-$ "
#(!(-
CONDENSADORES DE ARRANQUESELECTROLTICOS
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CONDENSADORES DE ARRANQUE Y
PERMANENTE
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MOTORES MONOFASICOS
Las clases de motores elctricos que
existen se pueden deinir en principio
atendiendo a su principio de operaci!n "
la clase de ener#$a elctrica que utili%a&
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MOTORES ELECTRICOS
Motor de corre!te "#ter!"$
P("#( '$**'$-( " 9$-*$ #$)"-$,(- & 9"('*$ " *-( ,(- " !*,( " -(!(-
; ,(- " )@#"-( " $" " $*#")!$'*+).
$#( $ "(
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MOTORES ELECTRICOS
1. P(- & 9"('*$ " *-(.
1.1. A7)'-()(
1.2. S7)'-()(.
M(!(-" 7)'-()( !-**'(.
M(!(-" $7)'-()( *)'-()*:$(.
M(!(-" '() &) -(!(- " *#) ,"-#$)")!".
2. P(- " !*,( " -(!(-.
M(!(-" " $)*( -(:$)!".
M(!(-" '() '("'!(-.
M(!(-" " ?$&$ " $-*$.
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MOTORES ELECTRICOS3. P(- & )@#"-( " $" "$*#")!$'*+).
M(!(-" #()(*'(.
M(!(-" **'(. M(!(-" !-**'(.
M(!(-" '() $--$)%&" $&8**$-
(*)$(.
M(!(-" '() $--$)%&" $&8**$-
(*)$( ; '() '()")$(-.
M(!(- " '(--*")!" '()!*)&$.
M(!(-" " "8'*!$'*+) ")
"-*". M(!(-" " "8'*!$'*+) ")
,$-$"(.
M(!(-" " "8'*!$'*+)
'(#,&"!$.
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MOTOR MONOFASICO
Motor %o!o&'(co de !d)cc*!
S& &)'*()$#*")!( " " #*#( %&" " " ( #(!(-"
$7)'-()( " *)&''*+). D")!-( " "!" ,-*#"- -&,(
*,()"#( " ( *&*")!" #(!(-"
1. D" ,(( $&8**$-" ( !$#*5) $#$( " $",$-!*$.
2. C() '()")$(-.
3. C() ",*-$ ") '(-!('*-'&*!( ( !$#*5) $#$( "
,(( ,$-!*(.
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MOTOR MONOFASICO
Motor %o!o&'(co de co#ector$
S() *#*$-" $ ( #(!(-" " '(--*")!" '()!*)&$
-","'!( $ & &)'*()$#*")!(. E8*!") ( '$" "
"!( #(!(-"
1. U)*9"-$".
2. D" -",&*+).
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MOTOR MONOFASICO
Motor %o!o&'(co de &"(e +"rtd"$
E!" !*,( " #(!(- !*")" ( "9$)$( *")*"-")'*$( &) "9$)$( ,-*)'*,$ ; (!-( "9$)$(
$&8**$-. E "9$)$( $&8**$- " " %&" ,-(9('$ "
$--$)%&" " #(!(- -$'*$ $ %&" "$$ &) &?(
#$)5!*'( -","'!( $ &?( " "9$)$( ,-*)'*,$ ""!$ #$)"-$ (-$ !")"- ( $" ") " #(#")!(
" $--$)%&".
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Motor monofsico de
condensador.
Son tcnicamentemejores que los
motores de fasepartida. Tambindisponen de dosdevanados, uno auxiliary otro principal. Sobreel devanado auxiliar secoloca un condensadoren serie, que tienecomo funcin el deaumentar el par dearranque, entre 2 y
veces el par normal.
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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Motor
monofsico con
espira en
cortocircuito.
E!" !*,( " #(!(- )( "9$
"9$)$( $&8**$- ") & &$-
" '(('$ &)$ ",*-$
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Motor universal.
!l motor universal esun tipo de motor quepuede ser alimentado
con corriente alterna ocon corriente continua,es indistinto. Suscaracter"sticasprincipales no var"an
si#ni$cativamente,sean alimentados deuna forma u otra. %orre#la #eneral, seutili&an con corrientealterna.
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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Tipos y caractersticas (os motores monofsicos )an sido perfeccionados a
travs de los a*os, a partir del tipo ori#inal derepulsin, en varios tipos mejorados, y en laactualidad se conocen+
,$ Motore( de &"(e +"rtd"
-$ Motore( de "rr"!.)e co! c"+"ctor /$ Motore( co! c"+"ctor +er%"!e!te
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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Motor Mo!o&'(co de F"(e P"rtd"
DEFINICI0N
L$ NEMA "*)" " #(!(- " $" ,$-!*$ '(#( #(!(- " *)&''*+)#()(*'( ,-(9*!( " &) $--($#*")!( $&8**$- ",$:$(
#$)5!*'$#")!" -","'!( $ $--($#*")!( ,-*)'*,$ ; '()"'!$( ") (-#$
,$-$"$ '() "!" &!*#(.
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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F)!co!"%e!to Motor F"(e P"rtd"$
L( #(!(-" #()(*'( " $" ,$-!*$ !*")") (( &)$ $" "$*#")!$'*+) )( ,("") '$#,( *-$!(-*( '(#( ") ( ,(**'( ,"-(
* !*")") &) '$#,( #$)5!*'( ,&$)!" "!( *#,*" %&" "
,-(,(-'*()" &) !(-%&" ") " $--$)%&" ;$ %&" " '$#,( #$)5!*'(
*)&'*( ") " -(!(- "! $*)"$( '() " '$#,( " "!$!(-. P$-$
(&'*()$- " ,-("#$ " $--$)%&" " %&" " &!**:$ &) (*)$(
$&8**$- %&" () *#")*()$( $"'&$$#")!" ; ,(*'*()$( " !$
(-#$ %&" " '-"$ &)$ $" *'!*'*$ ,"-#*!*")( " "!$ #$)"-$ $(-#$'*+) " &) '$#,( *-$!(-*( )"'"$-*( ") $ ,$-!*$.
E $--($#*")!( $&8**$- '-"$ &) ""%&**-*( " $" ,-(&'*")( "
!(-%&" ; $'""-$'*+) )"'"$-*( ,$-$ $ -(!$'**) *)*'*$. C&$)( "#(!(- "$ $ !")"- &)$ 9"('*$ "!"-#*)$$ $ $" $&8**$- "
"'()"'!$ " $ -" $ !-$95 " &)$ $9" %&" )(-#$#")!" $'!@$ ,(-
&)$ &"-:$ '")!-7&$
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MOTOR MONOFASICO
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Motor Mo!o&'(co Co! C"+"ct"dor de Arr"!.)e$
DEFINICI0N
E #(!(- #()(*'( " *)&''*+) " &) #(!(- " '(--*")!" $!"-)$ %&" "
'$-$'!"-*:$ ,(- !")"- &) ,$- " $--$)%&" #("-$( "!" #(!(- " '()"'!$
)(-#$#")!" $ &)$ -" #()(*'$ " $-$( ( " &"-:$ "!" "
")'&")!-$ ,-(9*!( " &) $--($#*")!( $&8**$- ",$:$( #$)5!*'$#")!" -","'!( $ $--($#*")!(
,-*)'*,$ ; '()"'!$( ") ,$-$"( '() "!" @!*#(.
E!" !*,( " #(!(- " '$-$'!"-*:$ ,(-%&" ,$-$ ,("- "9$- $'$( & ,&"!$ ")
#$-'$ " $&8**$ " &) "9$)$( "'&)$-*( $#$( " $--$)%&" " '&$ 9$ '()"'!$( ") "-*" $ &)
'$,$'*!(- ; ( ( " ")'&")!-$) '()!-($( ,(- &) *)!"--&,!(- %&" " $-" '&$)( " #(!(- $
$'$):$( " " & 9"('*$ )(#*)$.
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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F&)'*()$#*")!( M(!(- M()(*'( '() C$,$'*!(- " A--$)%&" .
E!( " *"-")'*$) " ( #(!(-" " $" P$-!*$ ") " "'( " %&" $ (*)$ "
")'")*( !*")") # 9&"!$ ; " $*#")!$ #"*$)!" &) '()")$(- ") "-*". E
-"&!$( " '(#,*'$- #7)*#$#")!" " '*-'&*!( " " " &) #"?(- ")'")*(. L(
'()")$(-" ") "-*" () $ '$&$ " %&" $ '(--*")!" %&" " $ ") $ (*)$ "
$--$)%&" "!5 $!-$$$ -","'!( $ $ $" " $ !")*+) *)*!-$$ "'(*")( " (-#$
'(--"'!$ $ (*)$ ; " '()")$(- ,("#( $,-(8*#$- ") -$) #$)"-$ $ *"-")'*$ "
$" *"$ " 0.
E '()")$(- " ")'")*( !*")" $ 9")!$?$ " $- &)$ '(--*")!" " ")'")*( # $?$; #(#")!( *)*'*$ #$;(- %&" & "%&*9$")!" #(!(- " *9**+) " $".
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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MOTOR MONOFASICO
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M(!(- M()(*'( '() C()")$(- P"-#$)")!" ( " T-$$?(.
C$-$'!"-7!*'$
D"9$)$( " *&$ *#"!-( " *&$ N " 9&"!$
D"9$)$( ,-*)'*,$ "9$)$( $&8**$- )( &!**:$ *)!"--&,!(-
'")!-*&(
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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Motor %o!o&'(co co!co!de!("dor +er%"!e!te1
"1 e(.)e%'tco
21 c"r"cter3(tc" de tor.)e 45e#ocd"d
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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")!$?$
S" ,&"" '()!-($- $ 9"('*$ "
#(!(- ,(- 9$-*$'*+) " 9(!$?" "
*)*!-(
!-$)(-#$(-" " 9$-*$ $*$P(!")'*+#"!-(
D"9")!$?$
N( !*")" $!( ,$- " $--$)%&"
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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A+#c"co!e( Motore( Mo!o&'(co($
K(#$
E%&*,$#*")!( $'()*'*()$(-" " $*-"
E%&*,$#*")!( -&-$"
C*)!$ !-$),(-!$(-$
M%&*)$ '(#"-'*$"
R"&'!(-"
C(#,-"(-" H"--$#*")!$
")!*$(-" ; S(,$(-$
E%&*,( " "#,$%&"!$#*")!(
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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Co!c#)(o!e(
S" &$ ") !")*+) #()(*'$ C.A
L$ '(--*")!" " !")*+) #()(*'$ )( ,-(&'" &) '$#,( #$)5!*'( *-$!(-*( ") " #(!(-
#()(*'( " *)&''*+) ,(- ( !$)!( )( ,("") ,$- " $--$)%&".
L( #(!(-" " *)&''*+) #()(*'( )( !*")") ,$- " $--$)%&" ,"-( '&$)( $'$):$)
& 9"('*$ & '$-$'!"-7!*'$ ,$- 9"('*$ $")!$) '()*"-$"#")!".
E) "!( #(!(-" " $--$)%&" " '()*&" $*'*()$)( &) "9$)$( $&8**$- '() &)$
'(--*")!" '&;( )&( " $" **"-" " "9$)$( ,-*)'*,$
E ,$- " *)&''*+) &) #(!(- #()(*'( ",")" " )&( " $" ")!-" $ '(--*")!" ""9$)$( ,-*)'*,$ ; $ '(--*")!" " "9$)$( $&8**$- " ,$- #8*#( ('&--" '&$)(
"!" $'$):$ 0
MOTOR MONOFASICO
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M&'$ G-$'*$ ,(- & A!")'*+).
MOTOR MONOFASICO