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SAP01SAP Overview
INSTRUCTOR HANDBOOKINSTRUCTOR-LED TRAINING
.
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SAP Copyrights and Trademarks
2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose
without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may bechanged without prior notice.
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All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respectivecompanies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. Nationalproduct specifications may vary.
These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials are provided by SAP AGand its affiliated companies ("SAP Group") for informational purposes only, withoutrepresentation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors oromissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products andservices are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such
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About This Handbook
This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this course, and serve as a
source of reference. It is not suitable for self-study.
Typographic Conventions
American English is the standard used in this handbook.
The following typographic conventions are also used.
This information is displayed in the instructors presentation
Demonstration
Procedure
Warning or Caution
Hint
Related or Additional Information
Facilitated Discussion
User interface control Example text
Window title Example text
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Contents
ix Course Overview
1 Unit 1: SAP Overview
2 Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
17 Unit 2: Navigation
18 Lesson: Accessing The SAP System
21 Exercise 1: Log On to the SAP System 10
minutes
26 Lesson: Personalizing the SAP Interface
38 Exercise 2: Create Favorites 10
minutes
41 Exercise 3: Personalize Your User Interface 10
minutes
43 Exercise 4: Use Navigation Options 10
minutes
55 Unit 3: System Wide Concepts
56 Lesson: Identifying Elements of SAP's Organizational Structure
62 Exercise 1: Display a Customer Master Record 10
minutes
75 Unit 4: Logistics
77 Lesson: Ordering Material
86 Exercise 1: Create a Purchase Order for Materials 10
minutes
89 Exercise 2: Create a Goods Receipt 10
minutes
94 Exercise 3: Process a Vendor Invoice 10
minutes
100 Lesson: Using Supplier Relationship Management
105 Lesson: Creating a Production Plan
110 Exercise 4: Create a Planned Order 10
minutes
115 Lesson: Processing Production Orders
121 Exercise 5: Create and Release a Production Order 10
minutes
125 Exercise 6: Confirm a Production Order and Goods Receipt 10
minutes
130 Lesson: Using Supply Chain Management
136 Lesson: Managing Sales Orders
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140 Exercise 7: Create a Sales Order 10
minutes
144 Lesson: Creating Delivery Process Documents
148 Exercise 8: Create a Delivery and Post a Goods Issue 10
minutes
154 Lesson: Creating Billing Documents
158 Exercise 9: Create a Sales Order Billing Document 10
minutes
161 Lesson: Using Customer Relationship Management
168 Lesson: Using Product Lifecycle Management
185 Unit 5: Financials
186 Lesson: Viewing Financial Processes
193 Lesson: Outbound Payments
196 Lesson: Analyze General Ledger accounting
200 Exercise 1: Create a Journal Entry 10
minutes
204 Lesson: Generating Financial Statements
208 Exercise 2: Generate a Financial Statement 10
minutes
212 Lesson: Monitoring Internal Costs
222 Exercise 3: Execute a Cost Center Report 10
minutes
225 Exercise 4: Execute a Profitability Analysis Report 10
minutes
231 Unit 6: Human Capital Management
232 Lesson: Viewing Components of Human Capital Management
250 Exercise 1: Hire an Employee 10
minutes
257 Unit 7: Analytics and Strategic Planning
258 Lesson: Executing Analytics and Strategic Planning Reports
266 Exercise 1: Create a Business Intelligence Report 10
minutes
273 Unit 8: SAP Services
274 Lesson: Accessing SAP Services
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Course Overview
TARGET AUDIENCE
This course is intended for the following audiences:
Developer IT Adminstrator IT Support
User End User
User Super Key Power User
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UNIT 1 SAP Overview
Lesson 1
Identifying SAP Applications and Components 2
UNIT OBJECTIVES
Identify SAPs applications and components
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Unit 1Lesson 1
2
Identifying SAP Applications and Components
LESSON OVERVIEW
After completing this lesson, you will be able to identify the basic applications and
components offered by SAP.
Business Example
You are responsible for deciding which applications and components your company will
implement, and you must be able to identify and explain the basic functionality of an
enterprise resource planning system. For this reason, you require basic knowledge of the
following:
Elements of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system
SAP applications and components
Industry applications
SAP solutions for small and midsize companies
The lesson on the history of SAP has been removed from this course.
Course participants should know SAP is a global company. If students are interested in
details they can learn more by logging onto www.sap.com.
SAP is the abbreviation for System, Applications and Products in Data Processing. Link to
acronyms: http://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/home/sap+acronyms
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify SAPs applications and components
Elements of an ERP System
Most students are familiar with SAPs products. Clarify that SAP ERP is the product following
R/3 and that SAP ERP is more then just R/3. SAP ERP combines SAP NetWeaver, SAP ECC
(the technical successor of R/3) and other components. All of the SAP product solutions use
components from the SAP ERP.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is an integrated computer-based system used to manage
internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and
human resources. The purpose of an ERP system is to facilitate the flow of information
between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization. ERP also helps
manage the connections to employees and outside stakeholders such as customers,
partners, and suppliers. Built on a centralized database, and usually utilizing a common
computing platform, ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and
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enterprise-wide system environment. An ERP system can either reside on a centralized server
or be distributed across modular hardware and software units that provide "services" and
communicate on a local area network. The distributed design allows a business to assemble
modules from different vendors without the need for the placement of multiple copies of
complex and expensive computer systems in areas that will not use their full capacity.
SAP R/3 has a wide palette of standard, integrated functions. For example, for processes insales, shipping, or inventory management, data is automatically transferred to accounting.
SAP ECC is the evolutionary successor of SAP R/3 and is one of the main components of the
SAP ERP application.
SAP R/3 has been through a number of release cycles. For each new release, the functions
have been extended, applications have been optimized, and interfaces to other software
components have been enhanced. SAP R/3 was developed using ABAP, SAP's own
programming language.
Figure 1: From R/3 to ERP
Since the release of SAP R/3 Enterprise, changes and enhancements were integrated into the
SAP system first as extensions. Changes and enhancements are now integrated as
enhancement packages. This accelerates and simplifies the upgrade process and adaptation
to industry sectors.
SAP Applications and Components
It is important for students to be able to differentiate between an application and acomponent. Explain the difference between an application and a component . Remember
that what used to be called "Solution" in this section is now an "Application". Suggestion:
Start a drawing on the board of the SAP Business Suite and continue to add to the drawing
as you speak to the following figures. This should be a short introduction into SAP
NetWeaver. The lesson on NetWeaver is no longer included in this course.
IT practices is the new term for SAP NetWeaver features and functions. They are then
broken down into IT scenarios.
Information of name changes and components:
New name Abbreviation Old Name
Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
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SAP NetWeaver Application
Server
SAP NetWeaver AS SAP Web Application
Server
SAP NetWeaver Portal SAP Enterprise Portal
SAP NetWeaver Business
Information Warehouse
SAP NetWeaver BW SAP Business Information
Warehouse
SAP NetWeaver Master
Data Management
SAP NetWeaver MDM SAP Master Data
Management
SAP NetWeaver Mobile SAP Mobile Infrastructure
SAP NetWeaver Process
Integration
SAP NetWeaver PI SAP Exchange
Infrastructure / SAP
NetWeaver Exchange
Infrastructure
SAP products consist of individual applications, which are available as an entire suite or
individually. Each application has its own focus area and provides functions to map this area
flexibly and comprehensively. All the applications are based on the SAP NetWeaver
technology platform. SAP NetWeaver is an integration and application platform that reduces
total cost of ownership across the entire IT landscape and supports the evolution of the SAP
Business Suite to a services-based architecture.
Definition of applications and components:
SAP applications SAP applications describe processes and functions from a process pointof view.
SAP components Components represent SAP's technical view of software and are thetechnical building blocks for the system.
The flexibility and comprehensive integration and adaptation options offered by SAP software
results in high-performance, industry-specific, and cross-industry e-business applications.
SAP Solutions
Figure 2: Different Sizes - Different Products
SAP offers different solutions to help companies manage their growth. These solutions
provide the functionality required to increase operational efficiency, elevate customer service,and boost innovation within an integrated system.
Unit 1: SAP Overview
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SAP Business Suite
Individually, SAP Business Suite applications help you manage your most critical business
processes. Collectively, they form a tightly integrated business application suite that adds
value to every facet of your organization and your external value chain (for example,
customers, suppliers, and partners).
Figure 3: SAP Business Suite
Consider drawing an overview to SAP as illustrated in these figures.
Figure I-1: SAP Business Suite.ppt
Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
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Figure I-2: SAP ECC.ppt
ERP is the core application of the Business Suite. It uses ABAP as its operational language.
ECC, or Enterprise Core Component, is the core of this area.
SAP Business Suite is a comprehensive group of business applications that allows companies
to manage their entire value chain and the most critical business processes in open,
integrated applications. These business applications provide users with consistent results
throughout the entire company network. SAP Business Suite consists of a number of different
products that enable cross-company processes. Customers, employees, suppliers and
partners are brought together to form one unit in a process.
SAP Solution Details
SAP solutions include the following:
SAP ERP HumanCapital Management
SAP ERP Human Capital Management (SAP ERP HCM) enables you
to utilize employees effectively toward the success of your company.
This solution covers all aspects of human resources, from
recruitment and training through payroll.
SAP ERP Financials The aim of SAP ERP Financials is to utilize a company's fundseffectively and, therefore, increase profitability in the long term.
SAP ERP Operations SAP ERP Operations provides an extensive operations solution forautomating and streamlining procurement and logistics execution,
product development and manufacturing, and sales and service.
SAP ERP CorporateServices
SAP ERP Corporate Services introduces service solutions for travel
management, environment, health and safety, and real estate
management. It also addresses the development of efficient incentive
programs.
The core features and solutions of SAP ERP are enhanced and extended through the
following applications in the SAP Business Suite:
SAP CustomerRelationshipManagement
Customer relationship management (CRM) is a company-wide
business strategy embracing all client-facing departments, and even
beyond. With CRM, people, processes, and technology work together
to increase profitability, and reduce operational costs.
Unit 1: SAP Overview
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SAP ProductLifecycleManagement
Product lifecycle management (PLM) integrates people, data,
processes, and business systems and provides a product information
backbone for companies and their extended enterprise.
SAP Supply ChainManagement
Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of a network of
interconnected businesses involved in the ultimate provision of
product and service packages required by customers. SCM spans allmovement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory,
and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption.
SAP SupplierRelationshipManagement
Supplier relationship management (SRM) involves working with your
suppliers to maximize the potential value of those relationships.
SAP Solutions for Small Businesses and Medium Companies
Point out that Small to Medium Businesses have IT requirements that are not met by the SAP
Business Suite. For an SAP Business Suite implementation, solutions need to be as flexibleas possible and an implementation is usually time-consuming and cost-intensive. Small and
medium businesses often do not have sufficient financial means for such projects and their
requirements are usually less complicated. Small and medium businesses require integrated
processes on one database and cost-efficient pre-configured systems with low operating
costs.
Qualified SAP Business All-in-One packages from SAP partners are pre-configured, micro-
vertical industry solutions delivered by partners on a fixed-bid, fixed-scope, and short
implementation cycle. Target prospects are $40-$500M in revenue.
Qualified SAP Business All-in-One packages from SAP partners:
- Combines SAP Business Suite and SAP Best Practices templates with industry-specific
partner solutions and implementation services.
- Delivers 45 micro-vertical industry solutions via 20+ partners.
For customers who have limited budgets and vertical requirements that can be satisfied
through an available SAP All-in-One solution.
There is no lesson going into more details of these solutions for small and medium
businesses. It is up to you, but should of course depend on your participants, how much you
go into details here. The table should help you to position the different solutions (this table is
taken from an overview brochure available on SAP.com).
SAP Business One SAP BusinessByDesign SAP Business All-in-One
Summary of
Solution
Requirements
A single solution to
manage the entire
business
A complete, on-
demand business
solution that is
affordable,
predictable, and
easy to adopt.
A comprehensive,
extensible, and
customizable
business solution
with support for
industry-specific
requirements.
Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
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Challenges with
Current Solutions
Outgrown your
accounting-only
systems.
Replace your point
solutions, manual
processes, and
spreadsheets.
Outgrown your
point solutions or
legacy systems.
Nature of
Operations
Relatively
straightforward
business processes.
Lower transaction
volumes.
Moderately complex
business processes.
Moderate
transaction
volumes.
Deep, micro-vertical
and industry-
specific business
processes.
Demanding, high-
volume product,
manufacturing, and
service operations.
Typical
Organizational
Structure
Up to 5 locations
and independent
subsidiaries.
Multiple locations,
multiple divisions,
and independent
subsidiaries.
Multiple locations,
multiple divisions,
and all types of
subsidiaries.
IT Preferences Limited IT capability
with preference for
an on-premise
system.
Limited IT capability
with a preference
for an on-demand
solution.
IT capability with a
preference for an
on-premise
solution.
Typical Number of
Employees
Less than 100
employees.
100-500
employees.
100-2500
employees.
SAP Business All-in-One Solutions
SAP Business All-in-One solutions allow you to choose from industry-specific solutions,
qualified SAP partner solutions, or solutions created within the fast-start program.
Each SAP Business All-in-One solution is a prepackaged, industry-specific version of the SAP
Business Suite with built-in content, tools, and methodologies for a cost-effective, turnkey
implementation. SAP Business All-in-One solution partners offer out-of-the-box flexibility,
combined with the power of SAP's world-class business applications.
Figure 4: SAP Business All-in-One
Unit 1: SAP Overview
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SAP Business All-in-One Solutions Details
SAP Business All-in-One solutions include the following:
Solution FunctionalitySAP ERP Effectively manage financials, human resources, operations,
and corporate services.
SAP Customer Relationship
Management (CRM)
Effectively manage all aspects of your customer relationships,
from marketing, to sales, to service.
SAP Business Analytics Gain insight and improve decision making with tools and
reports for financial and operational reporting.
SAP Best Practices Benefit from industry-specific configuration and business
processes based on SAP's experience in industries worldwide.
SAP NetWeaver technology
platform
Quickly and cost-effectively add on to your existing solution as
your business grows and your needs change.
If your company has deeper needs in specific process areas, SAP's complete portfolio of
business software can extend the functionality of your SAP Business All-in-One solution to
address other critical facets of your business
SAP Business ByDesign
SAP Business ByDesign is an adaptable, on-demand business offering designed specificallyfor medium sized companies. It provides transparency and control over all your operations,
so you can immediately identify and respond to issues and opportunities. SAP Business
ByDesign is adaptable and allows you to meet new business requirements with minimal time,
effort, and cost.
With SAP Business ByDesign, SAP manages your software for you, so you can be confident
about a successful deployment and predictable operations, with minimal cost of ownership.
Figure 5: SAP Business ByDesign
Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
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Business ByDesign Details
Business ByDesign includes the following solutions:
Solution FunctionalityFinancials
Financial and management accounting
Cash flow management
Customer Relationship Management Marketing
Sales
Service
Human Capital Management Organizational management
Human resources
Employee self-service
Supply Chain Management Supply chain setup management
Supply chain planning and control
Manufacturing, warehouse, and logistics
Supplier Relationship
Sourcing Purchasing
Executive Management Support Business performance management
Project Management Management of projects
Compliance Management Management of compliance
SAP Business One
SAP Business One is designed exclusively for small businesses. SAP Business One is a single,
affordable business management solution that integrates the entire business across
financials, sales, customers, and operations. With SAP Business One, small businesses can
streamline operations, obtain instant and complete information, and accelerate profitable
growth. Combined with additional industry-specific capabilities, SAP Business One can adapt
to your unique and fast-changing needs as your business grows.
Unit 1: SAP Overview
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Figure 6: SAP Business One
SAP Business One Details
SAP Business One provides the following advantages:
Rapid implementation
SAP Business One can be implemented within a few days and is easily maintained. Its familiar
Microsoft Office environment allows occasional users to rapidly learn to use the software. The
application is based on open technologies and can be readily extended with special functions.
Lower costs
SAP Business One is cost effective and offers a wide range of functions for integrated data
processing.
Increased productivity and cost control
The user interface of SAP Business One is simple and easy to understand and users will
quickly learn how to work with the system. This will increase productivity and help reduce
costs.
Sound business decisions
SAP Business One allows managers to quickly access strategic information from all
enterprise areas.
Scalability
When a company grows, processes usually become more complex and software
requirements change. SAP Business One's flexible and efficient system technology can easily
keep pace with the company's growth. SAP Business One can be extended by the functions
your company requires. It also facilitates the transition to a more comprehensive IT system,
such as SAP Business Suite.
Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
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SAP BusinessObjects
Figure 7: SAP BusinessObjects
The SAP BusinessObjects portfolio, from a product perspective, includes groups of
technologies and applications.
SAP BusinessObjects
Groups of technologies and applications include:
SAP BusinessObjectsenterprise informationmanagement solutions
The primary focus of enterprise information management (EIM)
is on delivering trusted information to the organization, which is
used by a variety of applications and business users. Turningdata into decision-quality information you can trust.
SAP BusinessObjectsbusiness intelligencesolutions
Business intelligence (BI) delivers integrated reporting
capabilities to business users for decision making. Turning
information into insight for better decision making.
SAP BusinessObjectsenterprise performancemanagement solutions
Enterprise performance management (EPM) builds on the other
areas, capturing and sharing information in a standard form.
Using insight and informed decisions to drive strategy and
alignment.
SAP BusinessObjectsgovernance, risk, andcompliance solutions
Governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) delivers a set of
applications to manage risk, ensure that internal and externalrules are followed and enforced, and control access to systems
and information. Making risk and compliance part of decision-
making, strategy, and performance management."
Bringing together the SAP BusinessObjects portfolio with SAPs business process platform
helps companies achieve closed-loop business performance optimization. Decisions can be
executed efficiently and effectively through industry-specific business processes. Process
changes required for optimization can be easily implemented by combining process
components on the platform. Execution can be monitored, and business events responded to,
in real time across the business network. The power the full SAP portfolio, including the SAP
BusinessObjects portfolio, brings together the world of making decisions and the world of
executing them.
Unit 1: SAP Overview
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Industry Applications
SAP also offers industry-specific applications, which perform targeted, industry-specific
business functions and processes. Many industries require solutions that are specially
bundled and enriched with additional industry-specific functions and processes. SAP fulfills
this requirement through the solution portfolios for industries.
Figure 8: Industry Packages
Industry Application Details
Industry offerings for more then 20 industries are available and include the following
industries:
Automotive SAP for Automotive is designed to streamline and improve disjointedbusiness practices, enabling you to closely manage many-tiered
networks of customers, suppliers, and partners.
Banking SAP for Banking is based on a flexible, scalable infrastructure andprovides a robust environment for incorporating new technologies,
controlling core banking processes, and extending operations to the
Internet.
Chemicals SAP for Chemicals delivers capabilities for sales and operationsplanning, quality management, recipe and batch management, and
supply chain operations.
Healthcare SAP for Healthcare integrates your healthcare processes, from staffingand inventory to financials and patient-centric processes, on an open
platform designed for growth.
TransportationLogistics
SAP for Travel & Logistics handles all order volumes and supports
complex business processes in procurement, fulfillment, returns
management, warehousing, and value-added logistics.
Mining SAP for Mining enables you to meet the specific challenges of themining industry by helping you manage your assets and operations and
leverage global supply chain networks. As a result, you can increase
efficiency and reduce costs.
Oil Gas SAP for Oil & Gas solutions provide comprehensive tools that enableyou to leverage key data, manage assets effectively, and maximize cash
flow.
Lesson: Identifying SAP Applications and Components
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Public Sector SAP for Public Sector creates fast, flexible, and responsive e-government by electronically connecting public administrations with
citizens, businesses, suppliers, and other organizations via the Internet.
This enhances communications, streamlines services, and reduces
costs.
Retail SAP for Retail provides a comprehensive solution where every piece ofyour retail value chain, from forecasting and planning to allocation and
replenishment, must be focused on meeting and surpassing customer
expectations.
SAP Applications and Components
FACILITATED DISCUSSION
Pose specific business scenarios and ask how the lesson information applies.
FACILITATED DISCUSSION
Can an application share a component with another solution?
LESSON SUMMARY
You should now be able to:
Identify SAPs applications and components
Unit 1: SAP Overview
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Unit 1
13
Learning Assessment
1. SAP is a solutions company.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
2. List at least three cross-industry or industry applications.
3. All SAP applications are role-based.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
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Unit 1
14
Learning Assessment- Answers
1. SAP is a solutions company.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
Business experience, strategy, and know-how are intangibles, which, bundled together
with the vast flexibility, integration, and customizing potential of SAP software, haveresulted in more powerful e-business solutions within specific industries and across
industry borders.
2. List at least three cross-industry or industry applications.
Cross-industry applications: SAP Enterprise Portal, SAP CRM, SAP SCM, SAP SRM, SAP
PLM, SAP ERP HCM, SAP ERP Financials
Industry packages: SAP for Aerospace & Defense, SAP for Automotive, SAP for Banking,
SAP for Chemicals, SAP for Consumer Products, SAP for Engineering, Construction &
Operations, SAP for Healthcare, SAP for High Tech, SAP for Higher Education & Research,SAP for Insurance, SAP for Media, SAP for Mill Products, SAP for Mining, SAP for Oil &
Gas, SAP for Public Sector, SAP for Retail, SAP for Telecommunications, SAP for Utilities.
3. All SAP applications are role-based.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
The SAP NetWeaver Portal lets you customize your interface so that you can perform
tasks associated with your role.
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UNIT 2 Navigation
Lesson 1
Accessing The SAP System 18
Exercise 1: Log On to the SAP System 21
Lesson 2
Personalizing the SAP Interface 26
Exercise 2: Create Favorites 38
Exercise 3: Personalize Your User Interface 41
Exercise 4: Use Navigation Options 43
UNIT OBJECTIVES
Log On to the SAP system
Use the SAP interface
Navigate in the SAP system
Find help from the SAP Easy Access Screen
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Unit 2Lesson 1
16
Accessing The SAP System
LESSON OVERVIEW
This lesson shows you how to log on to an SAP system using the SAP Logon.
For many of the students, this lesson will be the first exposure to the SAP GUI. You may want
to complete the exercise with the students ensuring each student is able to successfully
logon to the correct the server.
The actual logon procedure and how to add an entry in the SAP Logon is different in each
country and training location.
Business Example
To access the SAP system, you must familiarize yourself with the logon process and related
screens. For this reason, you require the following knowledge:
A good understanding of the logon process
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
Log On to the SAP system
Log On to the SAP System
The SAP Graphical User Interface (SAP GUI) is the general front-end program used to access
SAP systems. Several variants of the SAP GUI are available and are adapted for use in
different environments. In this lesson, we refer to the SAP GUI for the Windows environment.
The SAP GUI program connects the front-end computer with a specific SAP system. To start
the SAP GUI, SAP provides another program: SAP Logon. When the user launches SAP
Logon, a window displays a list of available SAP systems. This list is derived from a file on the
front-end computer, and is usually preconfigured and made available to users.
Figure 9: The SAP Logon Program
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Establish that SAP is a client system. Define the client within SAP as a separate entity with its
own master data, configuration, transactions, and databases.
Before you log on for the first time, your system administrator will give you an initial
password. During the process of logging on, you enter a new password--one that you alonewill know. You will use your own password whenever you log on.
Note:
These procedures may differ somewhat at your company. For more information,
contact your system administrator.
The Logon Screen
Figure 10: Logging On to an SAP System
If there are system-wide messages, the System Messages dialog box appears. After you have
read the messages, choose Continue (or press Enter) to close the dialog box.
How to Log On to the SAP System
How to access the SAP system.
1. Choose in the SAP Logonwindow.2. Choose Log on.3. Enter.
This is 800 if you use the instructor training system,or the client that was assigned to your
class if you use the participant system.
4. Enter5. Enter.6. Enter the language.7. Choose Enter.
The SAP Easy Accessscreen displays.
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Explain to the participants that they may be prompted to change their password.
Unit 2: Navigation
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Unit 2Exercise 1
Log On to the SAP System
Business Example
To perform your daily business transactions, you must log on to the SAP system.
Every SAP subsidiary and every SAP training center works differently. In Germany, for
example, the participants have a direct shortcut to the assigned training system in the
Windows menu. In other countries, the participants have to maintain an entry in the SAP
logon.Depending on the GUI version and the office connection, this is done in different ways.
Please explain this to the participants and guide them through this first part.
Caution:
This exercise depends on your location.The details may be different, depending
on local settings, installations,the connection to SAP systems, and if the training
is at an SAP facility or on site. Your instructor will explain the proper logon
procedure.
Create a logon entry and access the appropriate system with the client, user ID, and password
provided by the instructor.
1. Create an entry in the SAP GUI logon screen, based on the information provided by theinstructor.
Field EntryYour SAP Training System Provided by your instructor
Message Server Your instructor will tell you if this is required
SAP Router Your instructor will tell you if this is required
User Provided by your instructor
Password Provided by your instructor
Client Provided by your instructor
Language Provided by your instructor
New Password Create a new password of your choice
2. Use your logon entry to gain access to the SAP system with the information provided.
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Unit 2Solution 1
Log On to the SAP System
Business Example
To perform your daily business transactions, you must log on to the SAP system.
Every SAP subsidiary and every SAP training center works differently. In Germany, for
example, the participants have a direct shortcut to the assigned training system in the
Windows menu. In other countries, the participants have to maintain an entry in the SAP
logon.Depending on the GUI version and the office connection, this is done in different ways.
Please explain this to the participants and guide them through this first part.
Caution:
This exercise depends on your location.The details may be different, depending
on local settings, installations,the connection to SAP systems, and if the training
is at an SAP facility or on site. Your instructor will explain the proper logon
procedure.
Create a logon entry and access the appropriate system with the client, user ID, and password
provided by the instructor.
1. Create an entry in the SAP GUI logon screen, based on the information provided by theinstructor.
Field EntryYour SAP Training System Provided by your instructor
Message Server Your instructor will tell you if this is required
SAP Router Your instructor will tell you if this is required
User Provided by your instructor
Password Provided by your instructor
Client Provided by your instructor
Language Provided by your instructor
New Password Create a new password of your choice
a) Locate the SAP Logonprogram on your desktop.
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Note:
There are a variety of ways to find the program and a variety of places it
could reside on your desktop. These variables depend on how the GUI
software was installed.
b) Choose New .c) Enter in the Search for field.d) Select the system ID (SID) from the list presented.e) Select Next .f) Under Group / Server, select Public. If Public is not available, select Space.g) The system will display a list of defined server groups for your training system. Select
the Publicgroup if it is available. If Publicis not available, select Space.
h) Select Next twice.i) Select Finish.
Note:
If desired, you can enter a different system name for this system.
The new logon entry appears in the list of SAP systems.
2. Use your logon entry to gain access to the SAP system with the information provided.a) From the SAP logon pad, select the system provided by the instructor.b) Choose Log on.c) Enter the Client:.d) Enter the Password:.e) Enter the Language:.f) Choose Enter .
Note:
You might be asked to change your password. If so, continue with the
following steps. If you are not asked, skip to solution stepj.
g) In the password change dialog box, enter your own new password in the New Passwordfield.
h) Enter your password again, in the Repeat Password field, to confirm the passwordchange.
i) Choose Enter .
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j) Choose Enteras many times as needed, reading any system messages that aredisplayed, until you are returned to the SAP Easy Accessscreen.
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LESSON SUMMARY
You should now be able to:
Log On to the SAP system
Lesson: Accessing The SAP System
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Unit 2Lesson 2
22
Personalizing the SAP Interface
LESSON OVERVIEW
This lesson shows you how to efficiently work in the SAP system by personalizing your
screens and using different navigation options.
Business Example
To efficiently use the SAP system, you must be able to navigate the screens and utilize the
various options available. For this reason, you require the following knowledge:
A clear understanding of screen structure elements
How to create a personal favorites list of transactions
How to personalize screens
How to navigate various screens
How to find help
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
Use the SAP interface
Navigate in the SAP system
Find help from the SAP Easy Access Screen
Screen Structure Elements
In this section, you will familiarize the participants with the layout of the SAP Easy Access
screen. Explain that the SAP Easy Access screen is the system default screen after logging
on. This default can be changed to any desired start transaction using Extras -> Set start
transaction.
The main focus of this lesson is to explain how to navigate within the system. Ensure that
participants are comfortable with the overall layout and navigation before moving on. If you
have participants who are interested in a specific application area , you can prepare and use
demonstrations that are more suitable for your audience.
From Col.92 on, the participants and the instructors have an assigned user menu (this is
centrally created and assigned to SAP01-INS-XX and the template user SAP01-99).
The SAP Easy Access screen is the initial default screen in SAP systems.
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Figure 11: SAP Easy Access
The left side of the screen contains a tree hierarchy of the available menus. The graphic on the
right side is made available centrally by your system administrator and cannot be customized
by individual users. The graphic could, for example, be the company's logo.
SAP Screen Structure
Figure 12: Screen Structure
Please note that the figure is a combination of screens and does not exist as you see it in the
system. Two system releases were used for this screen shot, an 6.0 system for the main
screen and a 5.0 system for the small radio button part.
An SAP screen can contain the following screen elements:
Command field You can start applications directly by entering the transaction code in thecommand field. You can find the transaction code for an application
either in the Overview menu on the SAP Easy Access screen, in the status
bar, or in the application itself under System -> Status .
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Menu bar The menu bar is the top line of any primary window in the SAP system.The menu displayed depends on the application you are using.
Standard toolbar The buttons in the standard toolbar are shown on every SAP screen. Ifcertain buttons are not available in an application, they are deactivated
(greyed out). If you mouse over a button, the system displays a flag with
the name or function of that button.
Title bar The title bar displays the name of the function that you are currentlyusing.
Applicationtoolbar
The application toolbar shows the buttons available in the application you
are currently using.
Check boxes Check boxes allow you to select several options from a group of fields.Radio buttons Only one radio button option may be selected.Tab A tab page allows you to organize several screen areas to improve clarity
and organize data.
Status bar The status bar displays information on the current system status, such aswarnings and errors. You can also change the display variant to show, for
example, the transaction code of the transaction you are currently using.
Other elements Other elements include input fields and buttons.Role-Based User Menus
Explain that role-based menus allow for limiting the wide range of functionality provided by
SAP solutions to those required by the specific user according to the assigned role. Point out
that when a user is assigned a role, they are assigned not only the menu, but also the
authorizations they require to access the information.
SAP currently delivers over 1200 predefined roles.
SAP offers two formats to display a menu of transactions, reports, or Web-based applications
to the user.
Menu formats include the following:
SAP standard menu This is a complete list of all possible transactions and reports offeredby the system.
Role-based usermenu
This is a collection of activities used in business scenarios. Users can
access transactions, reports, or Web-based applications through their
role-based menus.
Unit 2: Navigation
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Figure 13: Role-Based User Menus
Users are assigned the role menu and the authorizations associated with the role.
Authorizations control access to the specific activities required to perform the job function.
The system administrator can tailor role-based menus to specific job requirements by adding
or removing menu entries.
Caution:
As a system administrator, you may be responsible for setting up role-based
menus, which are then transferred to the front end. Therefore, keep roles as
small as possible, since large roles could take a long time to transfer to the front
end.
Favorites
Examples of items that can be added to a favorites list include the following:
Transactions
Links to files
Internet addresses
Hint:Favorites can be organized into folders, and you can edit your favorites in the
SAP Easy Accessscreen using the Favoritesmenu.
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Figure 14: Favorites Menu
The favorites list, which is initially empty, can be edited according to your preferences. Only
you can view your favorites list.
How to Create a Favorite Transaction
How to create a favorites entry using the transaction for posting incoming payments in
accounts receivable.
1. From the SAP Easy Access screen, chooseAccounting -> Financial Accounting -> AccountsReceivable -> Document Entry .
2. Choose Incoming Payments.3. Choose Favorites -> Add .4. Choose the transaction.
Control Your User Interface
You have several personalization options available to help you set up your working
environment.
Some of the personalization options are as follows:
Change the layout of the SAP Easy Access screen.
Track your input history to provide input help.
Display status messages in a dialog box instead of on the status bar.
Set preferences to determine how data is displayed.
Adjust the color and behavior of the screens and fields.
Status Bar
The status bar provides general information on the SAP system and the transaction or task on
which you are working. System messages are displayed on the left side of the status bar, and
system information is displayed on the right side.
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Figure 15: Status Bar
Discuss and demonstrate the location of the different types of information available on the
status bar. Explain the difference between the following types of system messages:
informational, warning, and error.
The following information can be displayed in the status bar:
System
Client
User
Program
Transaction
Response time
To hide the information status fields, choose the arrow to the left of the fields.
How to Personalize Your User Interface
Use this demonstration to show the participants several of the many personalization options
available in the SAP system, such as how to customize the local layout and the user profile.
1. Choose System -> User profile -> Own data .Provide a general description of the information that the user can maintain with for their user
profile.
From the standard toolbar, choose Customizing of local layout, under Options -> Visual
Design. You also have the option to change the font size on your SAP GUI screen. You will
need to log out and log back on to the system again before your changes to the settings will
take effect.
Choose Defaults tab.
Review the different settings the user can make from the Defaults tab. This is especially
helpful for people who may want to change their date, decimal or currency formats.
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Close the Maintain User Profile window. Choose the Customizing of local layout button .
In this demonstration, show participants the personalization available under Options . Point
out that there are other opportunities for further personalization using the other menu items.
Choose Options .
Take some time explaining the different options the user can set. For example:
Set the error, information, and warning messages to display in a dialog box.
Explain that the cursor can be modified.
Multiple Sessions
The SAP system tracks multiple logons. The primary reasons for tracking multiple logons are
security and licensing. If the same user logs on more than once, the system displays a
warning message. for each subsequent logon.
Warning messages include the following options:
Continue with this logon and end any other logons of this user in the system.
Continue with this logon without ending any other logons in the system (this is tracked).
Terminate this logon.
You should only be logged on once per SAP system. Using multiple sessions allows you to
open several windows at the same time on the same computer.
Figure 16: Multiple Sessions
The user can create a new session at any time. This is helpful if you are in the middle of a
transaction and need to verify information to complete the transaction. You can create
several sessions, each independent of the others. You will not lose any data in sessions that
are already open. For example, closing the first session does not cause the other sessions to
close.
Too many open sessions can result in slower system performance. Your system
administrator may limit the number of sessions users can create.
Before you end a session, save any data you want to keep.
Unit 2: Navigation
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Hint:
The system does not prompt you to save your data when you end a session.
Navigation
Introduce the participants to the three basic options for navigating in the system. At this
point, touch on them very briefly because each is covered in more detail as we progress
through this lesson.
Explain navigation in SAP systems using the SAP standard menu, the menu bar and the
command field (transaction codes). Point out that transaction codes can be found by
selecting System -> Status .
The following options are available when navigating in the SAP system:
Navigation in the SAP system includes the following:
Enter transaction codes in the command field.
Choose items from menus in the menu
Choose items from the favorites list.
Choose from the role-based user menu.
Figure 17: Navigation Options
Menus allow you to find a specific transaction when you do not know the transaction code.
The menu is organized according to the task you are performing in the SAP system. Menus
are drop-down lists; therefore, when you choose a menu item, further options appear.
Transaction Codes
Participants frequently ask about transaction code lists. You may want to mention a simple
method for administrators to create their own lists of transaction codes: select the entries
required for the list from the table TSTCT and save them in Excel. The easiest way of doing
this is to use the functions System -> List -> Save -> Local file . Users do not need to create
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transaction code lists in this way since they have their role-based menus and usually lack the
authorizations to do so.
Every transaction or function in the system has a transaction code. You can enter the
transaction code in the command field to initiate the transaction or function. This is
convenient, provided you know the transaction code for the required transaction or function.
You can find the transaction code by first navigating to a transaction, and then choosing
System -> Status .
The following entries are time-saving tips for using transaction codes:
Entry in the Command Field Result/n Cancels the current transaction
/nXXXX Initiates the specified transaction directly
from another transaction
/o Displays an overview of sessions/oXXXX Initiates the specified transaction in a new
session
/nend Ends the logon session with a confirmation
dialog box
/nex Ends the logon session without a
confirmation dialog box
/i Deletes your current session
How to Use Transaction Codes
How to use transaction codes and the command field.
Hint:
Show the different possibilities of how to find a transaction code by:
-Choosing System Status(when the transaction is already on the screen).
- Choosing Extras Technical details(from the SAP Easy Access).
- Activating the display of the transaction in the status bar.
- Activating the display of the transaction in the SAP menu or user menu by
choosing Extras Settingsand then choosing Display technical names.
In the detailed description of this demonstration, only the first system status is
explained.
1. Navigate to the transaction from the SAP Easy Access screen and choose HumanResources -> Personnel Management -> Administration -> HR Master Data.
2. Choose Maintain.3. Choose System -> Status .
Point out where to locate the transaction code, which is PA30.
Unit 2: Navigation
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4. Return to the SAP Easy Accessscreen.5. Enter PA30in the Commandfield.6. Press Enter.
The Maintain HR Master Datascreen is displayed.
Help Features
Point out that the Helpmenu is available on the menu bar of every screen.
The SAP system provides comprehensive online help, which is available from any screen in
the system.
The help menu contains the following options:
Application help Application help displays comprehensive help for the applicationcurrently opened on your screen.
SAP Library SAP Library contains online documentation.Glossary You can search for definitions of terms in the glossary.Release notes Release notes describe functional changes that occur between SAP
system releases.
SAP ServiceMarketplace
A user ID and a password are required to access the SAP Service
Marketplace.
Create SupportMessage
With support messages, you can directly contact the responsible
solution manager support unit from your SAP system.
Settings You can select settings for help (for example, how you would like F1and F4 help to be displayed).
Figure 18: Getting Help
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Field Help
F1 is used to find help on fields, menus, functions, and messages. F1 help also provides
technical information on the relevant field (for example, the parameter ID and the technical
name of the field).
Figure 19: Field Help: F1
F4 Help
F4 is used to find information on the possible values that can be entered in the field. You can
access F4 help for a selected field by choosing the button immediately to the right of that
field, or by selecting the F4 key.
Figure 20: Field Help: F4
How to Find Field-Level Help
How to find the field-level help (F1 and F4).
1. Access the Customer Master Display transaction. From the SAP Easy Access screen,chooseAccounting -> Financial Accounting -> Accounts Receivable -> Master Records ->
Display .
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2. Place the cursor on the Customer field and select F1.3. Choose Technical info.
Point out the technical information available for that particular field.
4. Close the F1 help again, make sure that the cursor is placed on the Customer field, andselect F4.Select the Customers (by company code)tab. Enter Company code 1000andName Customer*. Choose Start search .
Demonstrate the use of the search functionality, how to sort the list, and how to reduce the
entries (by specifying more detailed search terms).
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Unit 2Exercise 2
Create Favorites
Business Example
You have specific transactions, files, and Web sites that you use frequently. To facilitate
access, you must create entries in your Favorites folder.
Create Favorite Transactions
Create a variety of favorite transactions that will appear in the Favorites menu on your SAP
Easy Access screen.
1. Create a favorite for the transaction to post an incoming payment in accounts receivable.This is transaction code F-28.
2. Create a favorite for the transaction to display a customer (centrally) in Sales andDistribution. This is transaction code XD03.
3. Create a favorite for the transaction to maintain master data in human resources. This istransaction code PA30.
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Unit 2Solution 2
Create Favorites
Business Example
You have specific transactions, files, and Web sites that you use frequently. To facilitate
access, you must create entries in your Favorites folder.
Create Favorite Transactions
Create a variety of favorite transactions that will appear in the Favorites menu on your SAP
Easy Access screen.
1. Create a favorite for the transaction to post an incoming payment in accounts receivable.This is transaction code F-28.a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, chooseAccounting -> Financial Accounting ->
Accounts Receivable -> Document Entry .
b) Choose Incoming Payments .
Caution:
Do not double-click Incoming Payment. You want to highlight the menu
item, not initiate the transaction.
This menu path is at the top of your window. You can also chooseAdd to
Favorites .
c) Choose Favorites -> Add .2. Create a favorite for the transaction to display a customer (centrally) in Sales and
Distribution. This is transaction code XD03.
a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics -> Sales and Distribution -> MasterData -> Business Partners -> Customer -> Display .
b) Choose Complete .
Caution:
Do not double-click Complete. You want to highlight the menu item, not
initiate the transaction.
c) Choose Favorites -> Add .
Hint:
This menu path is at the top of your window. You can also chooseAdd to
Favorites .
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3. Create a favorite for the transaction to maintain master data in human resources. This istransaction code PA30.
a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Human Resources -> PersonnelManagement -> Administration -> HR Master Data .
b) Choose Maintain .
Caution:
Do not double-click Maintain. You want to highlight the menu item, not
initiate the transaction.
c) Choose Favorites -> Add .
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Unit 2Exercise 3
Personalize Your User Interface
You are a new user of the SAP system and would like to personalize your user interface to
facilitate navigation. For this reason, you must make adjustments to the local layout of your
screen.
1. You would like system and error messages to appear in a dialog box instead of on thestatus bar.
2. Change the display of the date and currency format.
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Unit 2Solution 3
Personalize Your User Interface
You are a new user of the SAP system and would like to personalize your user interface to
facilitate navigation. For this reason, you must make adjustments to the local layout of your
screen.
1. You would like system and error messages to appear in a dialog box instead of on thestatus bar.
a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, navigate to the standard toolbar and chooseCustomize Local Layout .
b) Choose Optionsc) Choose Interaction Designd) Choose Notificationse) In the Messages area of the screen, select:
Show success messages in a dialog box
Show warning messages in a dialog box
Show error messages in a dialog box
f) ChooseApply .g) Choose OK .2. Change the display of the date and currency format.
a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, navigate to the main menu bar and choose System -> User profile -> Own data .
The Maintain User Profile screen opens in a new window.
b) Choose the Defaults tab.c) Change the decimal notation and date to the format of your choice.d) Choose Save .
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Unit 2Exercise 4
Use Navigation Options
Execute Transaction Codes
You are new to SAP and need to familiarize yourself with transaction codes. For this reason,
you execute a few transaction codes using the command field.
1. Execute the transaction codes in the table and record each activity in the space provided.Do not return to the SAP Easy Access screen after viewing each transaction code.
Hint:
If you log out, please log back on to the system.
Entry in the Command Field Resultsu3
sm04
/nsm04
/nend
Navigate to ind Transaction codesYou are new to SAP and would like to familiarize yourself with transaction codes using the
folders in the SAP Easy Access screen. To do this, you navigate the folders in the SAP Easy
Access screen to find transaction codes.
1. Display a list of users who are logged on to the system.2. Display the transaction code for this transaction using the System statusmenu.3. Return to the SAP Easy Accessscreen and use the transaction code to initiate the
transaction to display the user overview, which provides a list of users who are logged on
to the system.
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Unit 2Solution 4
Use Navigation Options
Execute Transaction Codes
You are new to SAP and need to familiarize yourself with transaction codes. For this reason,
you execute a few transaction codes using the command field.
1. Execute the transaction codes in the table and record each activity in the space provided.Do not return to the SAP Easy Access screen after viewing each transaction code.
Hint:
If you log out, please log back on to the system.
Entry in the Command Field Resultsu3
sm04
/nsm04
/nend
a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, enter transaction code su3 in the command fieldand choose nter.
b) Record the name of the transaction in the result section of the table below.c) From the screen displayed using transaction code su3, enter SM04 in the command
field and record the result.
d) From the screen displayed using transaction code sm04 , enter /nsm04 and record theresult.
e) From the screen displayed using transaction code /nsm04, enter /nend and record theresult.
Entry in the Command Field Resultsu3 Initiates the screen for maintaining your
own user settings.
sm04 Does not initiate a transaction. A
transaction can only be started directly
from the SAP Easy Accessscreen, unless
you use a prefix.
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Entry in the Command Field Result/nsm04 Initiates the user overview successfully. /
nfirst ends the active transaction and
then initiates the specified transaction.
/nend A logoff confirmation dialog box appears.You can now exit the system.
Navigate to ind Transaction codesYou are new to SAP and would like to familiarize yourself with transaction codes using the
folders in the SAP Easy Access screen. To do this, you navigate the folders in the SAP Easy
Access screen to find transaction codes.
1. Display a list of users who are logged on to the system.a) From the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Tools -> Administration -> Monitor ->
System Monitoring -> User Overview .
2. Display the transaction code for this transaction using the System statusmenu.a) Double-click User Overview.b) Choose System -> Status.c) Locate the transaction code, which is SM04.
3. Return to the SAP Easy Accessscreen and use the transaction code to initiate thetransaction to display the user overview, which provides a list of users who are logged on
to the system.
a) Close the System Status dialog box by choosing Cancel .b) Exit out of the User List by choosing Back .c) Enter sm04 in the command field.d) Choose Enter .e) Choose Exit to exit the screen and return to the SAP Easy Access menu.
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LESSON SUMMARY
You should now be able to:
Use the SAP interface
Navigate in the SAP system
Find help from the SAP Easy Access Screen
Unit 2: Navigation
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Unit 2
41
Learning Assessment
1. Which of the following are required to log on to the SAP system?
Choose the correct answers.
X A Enter a specific client number
X B Enter your user IDX C Enter your passwordX D Customize your settingsX E Set your language preference
2. You can only have one SAP system session open at a time.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
3. What menus are standard on all SAP screens?
Choose the correct answers.
X A SystemX B HelpX C InformationX D Environment
4. Which of the following provides general information on the SAP system and transaction or
task on which you are working?
Choose the correct answer.
X A Status barX B Menu pathX C Role barX D Application toolbar
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5. In the SAP Easy Access menu, you can create a favorites list containing:
Choose the correct answers.
X A Web addresses
XB Transactions
X C Links to filesX D Language preferencesX E Attachments
6. Select all of the following entries that are valid in the command field. If you are uncertain,
try them on the system before you select the correct answers.
Choose the correct answers.
X A /nendX B /nexX C ?sm04X D /nsm04X E sm04
7. You have navigated to a transaction you have never used before and would like to learn
more about the transaction before completing it. Which of the following forms of helpwould most efficiently provide the information you are looking for?
Choose the correct answers.
X A F1X B F4X C Application helpX D SAP LibraryX E GlossaryX F Release notes
8. List and describe three different types of online help that are available in the SAP system.
Unit 2: Learning Assessment
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9. You would like to preset a value for a field that you have to enter frequently. To do this, you
need the parameter ID. Which help function would you use to locate the parameter ID
when you are on the field?
Choose the correct answers.
X A F1
X B F4X C System helpX D F11X E Application help
10. Application help, which is available through the Help menu, is context-sensitive. This
means that it will link you directly to the help for whatever application area of the system
you are currently working in.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
Unit 2: Learning Assessment
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Unit 2
44
Learning Assessment- Answers
1. Which of the following are required to log on to the SAP system?
Choose the correct answers.
X A Enter a specific client number
X B Enter your user IDX C Enter your passwordX D Customize your settingsX E Set your language preferenceThat is correct. You do not customize your settings or set the language preference until
you are already logged on to the SAP system.
2. You can only have one SAP system session open at a time.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
That is correct. You can create up to 16 sessions. Each session is independent of the
others.
3. What menus are standard on all SAP screens?
Choose the correct answers.
X A SystemX B HelpX C InformationX D EnvironmentThat is correct. The System menu contains functions that affect the system as a whole,
such as Create session, User profile, and Log off. The Help menu provides various forms of
online help.
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4. Which of the following provides general information on the SAP system and transaction or
task on which you are working?
Choose the correct answer.
X A Status bar
X B Menu pathX C Role barX D Application toolbarThat is correct. The status bar contains information on system messages, as well as
system information such as client, user, transaction codes, and response time.
5. In the SAP Easy Access menu, you can create a favorites list containing:
Choose the correct answers.
X A Web addressesX B TransactionsX C Links to filesX D Language preferencesX E AttachmentsThat is correct. Favorites can consist of Web links, standard and customer transaction
codes, and links to other files such as Microsoft Word documents or PowerPoint files.
6. Select all of the following entries that are valid in the command field. If you are uncertain,
try them on the system before you select the correct answers.
Choose the correct answers.
X A /nendX B /nexX C ?sm04X D /nsm04X E sm04You can enter any valid transaction code directly on the SAP Easy Access screen. If you
are in another screen,you need to enter /n in front of the transaction code for the
transaction code to work. /nend and /nex are two different logoff options. ?sm04 is not a
valid entry.
Unit 2: Learning Assessment- Answers
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7. You have navigated to a transaction you have never used before and would like to learn
more about the transaction before completing it. Which of the following forms of help
would most efficiently provide the information you are looking for?
Choose the correct answers.
X A F1
X B F4X C Application helpX D SAP LibraryX E GlossaryX F Release notesAlthough you could locate the information in the SAP Library, the most efficient method is
the application help because it is context-sensitive.Here you will find comprehensive
information about the application.
8. List and describe three different types of online help that are available in the SAP system.
9. You would like to preset a value for a field that you have to enter frequently. To do this, you
need the parameter ID. Which help function would you use to locate the parameter ID
when you are on the field?
Choose the correct answers.
X A F1X B F4X C System helpX D F11X E Application helpF1 provides help on the purpose of a specific field, and also provides technical information
for the field. Here you will find the parameter ID for the field in question.
Unit 2: Learning Assessment- Answers
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10. Application help, which is available through the Help menu, is context-sensitive. This
means that it will link you directly to the help for whatever application area of the system
you are currently working in.
Determine whether this statement is true or false.
X True
X False
Unit 2: Learning Assessment- Answers
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Unit 2: Learning Assessment- Answers
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UNIT 3 System Wide Concepts
Lesson 1
Identifying Elements of SAP's Organizational Structure 56
Exercise 1: Display a Customer Master Record 62
UNIT OBJECTIVES
Identify the elements of SAP's system-wide concepts
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Unit 3Lesson 1
50
Identifying Elements of SAP's Organizational
Structure
LESSON OVERVIEW
This lesson explains the system-wide concepts on which the SAP system is based.
Business Example
You are part of the implementation team and must be able to define and explain the system-
wide concepts on which your organizational structure and master data will be based. For this
reason you require the following knowledge:
A good understanding of how organizational elements are used to depict an organizational
structure
A good understanding of how master data is set up and made available to users
A basic understanding of transactions that execute business processes
LESSON OBJECTIVES
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify the elements of SAP's system-wide concepts
Organizational Elements
Explain that the focus of this lesson is to develop an understanding of the system-wide
concepts of the SAP System. These concepts, organizational elements, master data, and
transactions, are the basic elements designed and utilized to represent a companys
enterprise structure and business processes within the SAP System. Emphasize that these
are common threads across all SAP applications.
Other SAP Business Suite components are also based on these principles, but there the
concepts often look different in the details. For example in SAP SCM some of the
organizational units play a different role (they are more on the same level as customers andsuppliers for planning purposes) and sometimes terms change (like from material to
products).
The exercises re-enforce the ideas of master data and organizational elements. Students
should understand that master data and organizational element ideas extend to all areas of
the ERP system
One of the first steps in implementing SAP applications is to define the specific organizational
structures of your company in the SAP system. Organizational units are provided for
accounting, logistics, and human capital management functions. The first step is to analyze
the structures and procedures in your company, and then assign them to the SAP structures.
Organizational elements include the following:
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Client: The client is the highest-level element of all organizational elements. Itrepresents the enterprise/headquarters group.
Company code: The company code is a legal, independent accounting unitrepresenting the central organizational element of financial
accounting. The company code represents the tax law (national) view
of the company, the fiscal calendar, the local currency, and the taxreporting requirements.
Plant: The plant is the central organizational unit of production. A plant canmanufacture product, distribute product, or provide a service.
Storage location: The storage location differentiates material stock within one plantaccording to the storage location.
Sales organization: The sales organization is the central organizational element in salesorder management. It controls the terms of sale to the customer.
Distributionchannel:
Distribution channels are used to define how different products reach
consumers, for example, wholesale.
Organizational unit: Organizational units describe the various business units that exist in acompany. Organizational units are often loosely defined as functional
or regional departments.
Position: Positions are the individual employee assignments within yourcompany.
The figure shows typical SAP enterprise terminology for organizational elements. Emphasize
that organizational elements are used to represent a companys enterprise structure within
SAP either for legal and/or business-related purposes. Highlight this by using some of the
examples noted on the figure. Point out that organizational elements may be used by all
applications (client), multiple applications (plant), or a single application (sales organization).Explain we are showing a simple structure and that there are other organizational elements.
This section is important to provide participants with an overview of IDES, our demo
company.. IDES AG operates on a global level with global business partners. The participants
need to be made aware that the different solutions overlap. You can find information about
IDES in the SAP Corporate Portal under "/go/IDES". The sample of IDES is available for
customers as well.
IDES is a demo system developed and used by SAP. IDES is an international company that is
dependent upon collaborations with external business partners. IDES operates worldwide and
has a number of subsidiaries.
Lesson: Identifying Elements of SAP's Organizational Structure
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Figure 21: Organizational Structure: Terminology
Master Data Concepts
Since this is the only unit where master data will be discussed take your time explaining the
concept.
In this lesson, the participants will have an opportunity to display several types of master
data.
Be aware that the concepts here are ERP focused. They change when additional Business
Suite applications are added.
In SAP, master data is created centrally and is available to all applications and all authorizedusers. Storing master data centrally means data records are always consistent, up to date,
and free of redundancy. Master data is organized into views that are assigned to
organizational elements (for example, plant, organizational unit, and so on). The segmented
structure of master records makes it possible to flexibly depict the various organizational
structures of an operation.
When the corresponding data (such as information on customers or materials) is integrated
in one single database object, data redundancy is no longer an issue and data integrity is
enhanced. All areas use the same stored data, including sales, purchasing, inventory
management, materials planning, invoice verification, finance, and human resources.
Customer Master
Explain to participants that the customer master contains key information that defines the
business relationship between a company and its customer, for example ship-to information,
delivery requirements, billing terms and payment terms. Point out that the information in the
customer master is organized into three views with each located at a different organizational
level: General Data (Client), Financial Accounting Data (Company Code), and Sales Data
(Sales Area).
This is of course still the old SD customer master. We do not use Business Partners in this
unit nor in this course.
Unit 3: System Wide Concepts
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A customer master record contains key information that defines the business relationship
between a company and the customer. Company code data controls the posting procedure
and subsequent processing, such as payments. Sales organization data provides information
on customers to support the execution of business processes such as entering sales orders,
shipping, billing, and processing payments.
The structure of customer master records includes the following information:
General data: This data is relevant to every company code and every salesorganization in a company.
Data for companycodes:
This data reflects company-specific agreements with the
customer.
Data for sales: This data has different characteristics for a companys salesorganizations and channels.
The layout of customer master records may also include special requirements.
Figure 22: Master Data: Customer Master
How to Display a Customer Master Record
1. From the SAP Easy Access screen, choose Logistics -> Sales and Distribution -> MasterData -> Business partners -> Customer -> Display -> XD03 Complete .
2. Display the details of the customer master record of customer RohrerXX for companycode 1000 and sales area 1000/10/00.
3. The required steps are detailed in the Displa