neversanchez.files.wordpress.com€¦ · Web viewAdquirir y mecanizar vocabulario nuevo a través...

MODELO EDUCATIVO FLEXIBLE POR COMPETENCIAS

“ESCUELA GLOBAL”

ÁREAS FUNDAMENTALES OBLIGATORIAS

LENGUA EXTRANJERA - INGLÉSCiclo IV

El presente texto hace parte de la oferta de educación para adultos y jóvenes extra-edad del Modelo Educativo Flexible “ESCUELA GLOBAL”, con enfoque basado en competencias; propuesta formativa y propedéutica con sentido humanista, orientado al constructivismo; fun-damentado en el aprendizaje significativo, centrado en el estudiante, dirigido a comunidades vulnerables que no han terminado la educación básica y media, dotándolas de una cultura general que les permita desempeñarse en los ámbitos científico, tecnológico, social, cultu-ral y laboral, que cumple lo dispuesto en las leyes 1014 y 1064 de 2006 “para la cultura del emprendimiento” y “la educación para el trabajo y el desarrollo humano”, de acuerdo con losEstándares Básicos por Competencias establecidos por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional.

El Modelo Educativo Flexible “ESCUELA GLOBAL”, es una propuesta educativa para adul-tos creada, investigada, recopilada, sistematizada, organizada, orientada y revisada por:LEONARDO ALFONSO SÁNCHEZ VANEGAS

Diagramación, diseño, dibujo, ilustración e impresión, realizadas por:JHON EDISON GONZÁLEZ RIVERADiseño Gráfico y Publicidad Gutenberg

Investigación, recopilación, sistematización y organización de los textos del área disciplinarVocacional y Optativa de Informática y Tecnologías de la Información y la ComunicaciónTIC´s, con la colaboración de la Licenciada en Español y Lenguas Modernas MARIA DELPILAR GÓMEZ SUÁREZ.

© El Autor se reserva todos los derechos de impresión, reproducción, copia o publicación para lo cual se requerirá de autorización expresa de su autor.

Impresor Exclusivo del presente texto: Diseño Gráfico y Publicidad Gutenberg.Distribuidor Exclusivo del presente texto: Corporación GAIA AQUA.

Ibagué, 2014

LENGUA EXTRANJERA - INGLÉS - CICLO IV

MODELO EDUCATIVO FLEXIBLE POR COMPETENCIAS

“ESCUELA GLOBAL”

¡BIENVENIDOS!

Apreciados estudiantes:Las desigualdades de nuestro sistema educativo colombiano, reflejadas en problemas de cobertu-ra, calidad y eficiencia, con inmensos contrastes entre zonas urbanas y rurales, evidenciadas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, generaron la propuesta de una “Revolución Educativa, que fijó metas como ampliar la cobertura, establecer un sistema a largo plazo con coberturas univer-sales; mejorar continuamente la calidad de la educación aplicando estándares mínimos para todo nivel del sistema educativo, la formulación de planes de mejoramiento institucional, y el desarrollo de competencias que permitan a los estudiantes enfrentarse a los retos de la sociedad de la in-formación y el conocimiento; y el diseño de herramientas que aseguren la eficiencia del sector”.

En Colombia es común el desconocimiento tanto de ciudadanos como de autoridades educa-tivas, de la normatividad que rige la educación, en especial del decreto 3011 de 1997 con base en el cual más de 8 modelos educativos ofertan una educación para adultos y jóvenes extra-edad, con énfasis orientados a diferentes comunidades, desde diversas metodologías pedagógi-cas y que ofertan modalidades de estudio vocacional como valores agregados, que los diferencian de los demás. Actualmente, es necesaria la generación de modalidades de enseñanza que inter-preten tanto los lineamientos del MEN orientados al enfoque universal por competencias, como el ideal escenario de posconflicto por darse, a propósito del proceso de paz en curso en el país.

Una propuesta de educación para adultos como la que presentamos a ustedes, nacida en la sociedad civil no tiene porqué oponerse a los lineamientos que el MEN establece para su evaluación y seguimien-to, pues recoge las necesidades más sentidas de comunidades vulnerables que no acceden al servicio educativo, proponiendo un modelo educativo práctico y eficaz con principios pedagógicos y operativos basados en los estándares básicos por competencias emitidos por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional.Se trata de una metodología flexible orientada a los sectores rural y urbano, basada en un plan de es-tudios compuesto por 10 competencias genéricas, de las cuales 8 son básicas y por tanto obligatorias, fundamentadas en los temas de enseñanza y las áreas del conocimiento obligados dispuestos en los art. 14 y 23 ley 115 de 1994, Ley General de Educación; Además de 2 áreas optativas o vocacionales.

El Modelo Educativo Flexible “ESCUELA GLOBAL”, para adultos y jóvenes extra-edad, con enfo-que basado en competencias, es una propuesta para educación básica y media, formativo y pro-pedéutico, con sentido humanista, orientado al constructivismo; fundamentado en el aprendiza-je significativo, centrado en el estudiante, que cumple lo dispuesto en las leyes 1014 y 1064 de2006 “para la cultura del emprendimiento” y “la educación para el trabajo y el desarrollo huma-no”; está dirigido a las comunidades vulnerables que no han terminado la educación básica y me-dia, dotándolas de una cultura general que les permita desempeñarse en ámbitos científico, tec-nológico, social, cultural y laboral. Esperamos realizar con su concurso el mejor de los trabajos!

Equipo diseñador y ejecutor del Modelo Educativo “ESCUELA GLOBAL”

INTRODUCCIÓN 8OBJETIVOS 9COMPETENCIAS A DESARROLLAR 10COMPETENCIAS ESPECÍFICAS DE EL ÁREA 11

1. WH QUESTIONS 121.1. Introducción al tema 121.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 131.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 16

TRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE 17

2. PREPOSITIONS 182.1. Introducción al tema 182.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 182.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 21


3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS 223.1. Introducción al tema 223.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 223.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 24


4. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) 264.1. Introducción al tema 264.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 274.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 27


5. MODAL VERBS (CAN , COULD, WOULD) 295.1. Introducción al tema 295.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 295.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 30


6. READING COMPREHENSION 326.1. Introducción al tema 32


CONTENIDO34

7. READING COMPREHENSION36


8. PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS37

8.1. Introducción al tema37

8.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje39

8.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación39

TRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE

9. FUTURE WITH WILL41

419.1. Introducción al tema

419.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje

9.3.Retroalimentación y Evaluación 43TRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE 43

10. FUTURE WITH WILL (QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS) 4510.1. Introducción al tema 4510.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 4510.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 46


11. COMPARATIVES 4911.1. Introducción al tema 4911.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 5011.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 51


12. SUPERLATIVES 5512.1. Introducción al tema 5512.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 5512.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 57


13. READING COMPREHENSION 5913.1. Introducción al tema 59


14. FUTURE WITH WILL (QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS II) 6114.1. Introducción al tema 6114.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 6114.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 63


15. PAST PARTICIPLES 6415.1. Introducción al tema 64


16. PRESENT PERFECT (AFFIRMATIVE/ NEGATIVE) 6616.1. Introducción al tema 6616.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje 6716.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación 68


17. PRESENT PERFECT (QUESTIONS / SHORT ANSWERS)70


17.2. Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje17.3. Retroalimentación y Evaluación

70TRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE 72

18. READING COMPREHENSION72


TRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE 7374/75

19. EXERCISESTRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE 76

BIBLIOGRAFÍA Y CIBERGRAFÍA76

79

Saber-Saber, Saber-Ser y Saber-Hacer… Ahí está la clave!

La educación tradicional ha centrado todos sus esfuerzos en traba-jar en los educandos solo una dimensión del saber: el saber-saber, motivo por el cual nuestros estudiantes se han dedicado a intentar una memorización inútil que contribuye a generar profesionales mediocres que solo demuestran sus conocimientos por momentos, cuando les es requerido para una promoción o para acceder a algún empleo o cargo público. La educación tradicional otrora tra-bajaba en la dimensión del saber-ser mediante la educación ética y la recordada urbanidad de Carreño para formar estudiantes bien hablados y preparados para comportarse en público, sin hacer mucho énfasis en el ser humano y en la garantía de que trabaje en su propio proyecto de vida que incluya ser cada vez mejor persona. El modelo educativo “ESCUELA GLOBAL”, con enfoque basado en competencias también trabaja en estas dimensiones del saber, pero haciendo énfasis en el SABER-HACER, para que mediante los conocimientos que el estudiante adquiere en lasáreas transversales (Emprendimiento, Desarrollo Humano y Paz, Postconflicto y Competencias Ciudadanas), y las áreas vocaciona-les (Informática y Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación y Actividades Agropecuarias para defensa del Medio Ambiente) adquiera herramientas para desempeñarse en generar ingresos y trabajo y coadyuvar en la consolidación de una mejor sociedad a través de la praxis de un eficaz proyecto de vida, y para que tam-bién, muy especialmente, nuestros egresados sepan qué hacer con los conocimientos que adquieren mientras se forman como bachilleres. Por ello, exhortamos a nuestros estudiantes a que con su esfuerzo ayuden a construir la sociedad que merece el futuro de un país en paz.

INTRODUCCIÓN

Conocer una segunda lengua es esencial en un mundo globalizado, por tal ra-zón el gobierno nacional fomenta políticas educativas que favorecen el apren-dizaje del idioma inglés. El manejo de una segunda lengua resulta muy útil en la vida profesional así como en la vida social, comercial y educativa y más que útil resulta una necesidad. Dada su importancia como lengua universal el go-bierno se ha propuesto mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza del inglés ofrecien-do mejores niveles de desempeño en este idioma.

Este esfuerzo quiere lograr que los estudiantes sean capaces de comunicar-se en inglés para que así puedan llevar al país a una gran apertura cultural y económica con estándares internacionalmente comparables. Para cumplir ese fin fue necesario adoptar unas competencias comunes de desempeño que describen una escala de niveles que van alcanzando los estudiantes de modo que avanzan en su proceso educativo, dicho estándar es el del “Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las lenguas”. Los estándares establecen lo que los estudiantes deben saber y poder hacer con respecto al idioma.

En el presente programa se integran los elementos contemplados en la Ley 115 de 1994 Ley General de la Educación y el Decreto 3011 de 1997 que es - tablece la educación para adultos en Colombia mediante los Ciclos Lectivos Especiales Integrados CLEI, la Ley1014 de 2006 mediante la cual se genera la Educación para el Emprendimiento y la Ley 1064 de 2006 con el Decreto 2888 de 2007que instauran y reglamentan en el país la Educación para el Trabajo y el Desarrollo Humano, con el propósito de establecer la correspondencia entre la propuesta de Bachillerato para Adultos por Competencias y su Marco Curri-cular.

OBJETIVOSObjetivos Generales del Curso

• Motivar a los estudiantes al aprendizaje y práctica del idioma Inglés como una herramienta esencial para su futuro personal y laboral.• Aprender un segundo idioma es una oportunidad invaluable en el desa-rrollo personal.• Valorar y apreciar su propia cultura y Estimular la aceptación y el respeto por otras.• Apoyar a los estudiantes en la práctica del idioma.

• Mejorar su capacidad para entablar relaciones con otras personas y des-envolverse en ambientes nuevos.• Mejorar el pensamiento conceptual, ampliar su potencial lingüístico y su pensamiento lógico. Acercarlo más a la realidad mundial.

Objetivos Específicos del Curso

• Conocer y entender el inglés como el instrumento de comunicación más difundido en el mundo y como herramienta para el desarrollo personal.• Reconocer palabras y expresiones muy básicas que se usan en pre-sentaciones personales y descripciones.• Comprender frases y vocabulario en contextos muy básicos de comu-nicación• Participar en conversaciones sencillas donde interactué en presentacio-nes formales e informales.• Escribir mensajes cortos haciendo uso de la gramática básica para estefin.

COMPETENCIAS A DESARROLLARCOMPETENCIAS GENERICAS• Promover el conocimiento de otro idioma y cultura.• Mejorar el desarrollo lingüístico y las destrezas comunicativas.• Desarrollar habilidades de trabajo en equipo• Fortalecer el respeto por sí mismo y por los demás• Contribuir al desarrollo de un vocabulario apropiado

COMPETENCIAS GENERALES DEL AREA• Competencia Lingüística:

Conocer la lengua como sistema; incluyendo conocimientos semánticos, gramaticales y ortográficos y aplicarlos para elaborar oraciones y textos bien formados y en diversas situaciones.• Competencia Interpretativa:

Desarrollar capacidad de comprender, analizar e interpretar diferentes técnicas de expresión escrita, verbal y no verbal, tanto en su lengua materna como en un segundo idioma.

Dominar el código y las reglas lingüísticas (vocabulario, pronunciación, gramática) de su idioma materno y una segunda lengua transformando esa información en una herramienta para el desarrollo personal.• Competencia Sociolingüística:

Identificar los aspectos socio-culturales de los diferentes entornos en donde se desempeña el estudiante.

Conocer las condiciones sociales y culturales implícitas en la lengua. La competencia comunicativa expresa el saber hacer como capacidad

de usar el conocimiento del idioma personal, laboral y socialmente.

Ofrecer una herramienta útil para comprender e interpretar su realidad.

• Competencia Argumentativa:Desarrollar un pensamiento lógico, crítico y analítico, que identifique

al estudiante como un ser coherente en sus planteamientos.Manifestar actitudes de tolerancia, respeto, honestidad y solidaridad, en

un ámbito multicultural.

• Competencia Propositiva:Expresar adecuadamente la intención comunicativa, utilizando formas

verbales no verbales y /o escritas.Utilizar adecuadamente su lengua materna y el idioma extranjero en

las cuatro habilidades, (hablar, escribir, leer y entender.

COMPETENCIAS ESPECÍFICAS DE LA ÁREA

• Conocer y usar correctamente los wh compuestospara poder elaborar preguntas con ellos.

• Conocer y poner en práctica las preposiciones.• Usar correctamente el presente continuo y el gerundio.• Usar correctamente las formas afirmativa y negativa del presente conti _

nuo.• Usar correctamente las preguntas y respuestas cortas del presente

continuo.• Conocer y diferenciar la intención de los verbos modales en su uso.• Adquirir y mecanizar vocabulario nuevo a través de los ejercicios de _ _

comprensión de lectura.• Conocer y usar correctamente las frases adverbiales.• Saber formar, manejar e intercambiar los tiempos verbales simples y _ _

continuos.• Conocer y manejar el futuro simple.• Conocer adjetivos opuestos, cortos y largos.• Saber transformar adjetivos a comparativos.• Poder comparar objetos, personas, lugares.• Saber transformar adjetivos a superlativos.• Hacer ejercicios de comprensión lectora.• Manejar la forma modal del verbo have to (Obligación).• Conocer y memorizar los participios pasados.• Saber formar y usar correctamente el presente perfecto.• Usar correctamente las formas afirmativa y negativa del presente

perfecto.• Usar correctamente las preguntas y respuestas cortas del presente

perfecto.• Hacer ejercicios de adquisición de vocabulario y comprensión lectora.

1. WH QUESTIONS

1.1 Introducción al tema

Como Introducción al tema se hará este ejercicio junto con los estudiantes a modo de diagnóstico, de esta forma se sabrá si los estudiantes conocen los wh words básicos, ya que en este modulo se verá los compuestos.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

1) ................. is the concert?When__What __ Who__ Why__

2) ................. is Cristiano Ronaldo from?How__ When__ Where__ Why__

3) ................. are you so happy? I’m getting married!When__ How__ What__ Why__

4) ................. is your brother? He is still sick.Why__ How__ Where__ What__

5) ................. are you late? Because of the traffic.Where__ When__ Why__ How__

1.2 Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje

Question words are also called wh questions because they include the letters‘W’ and ‘H’.

EXERCISE:

CHOOSE THE CORRECT WH WORD

1. A: ______ is your name?B: It’s John.2. A: ______ do you live? In London?B: No, I live in Manchester.3. A: ______ are you going?B: I’m going to work.4. A: ______ are you laughing?B: Because it’s funny.5. A: ______ are you today?B: Not very well. I feel sick.6. A: ______ were you born?B: In Paris, but I grew up in England.7. A: ______ ‘s your favourite colour?B: Blue, I think.8. A: ______ kind of music do you like?B: Dance music.9. A: ______ We’ve got green tea and black tea: would you like?B: Black with milk, please.10. A: ______ is that man in the photo?B: It’s my father when he was younger.

1.3 Retroalimentación y Evaluación

PUT THE QUESTIONS IN THE CORRECT ORDER

1) are what doing they_______________?

2) you when in the morning up get do_______________?

3) how you your do name spell_______________?

4) what homework is for ?_______________?

5) does why like Tim handball_______________?

6) what the girls sports do like_______________?

7) for have what did your lunch friend_______________?

8) Kevin long how did in Paris stay_______________?

9) was what weather like the_______________?

10) easy who is thinks maths_______________?

HOW MUCH OR HOW MANY

1) stars are there in the sky?2) people live on islands?3) birds are there?4) water is in the ocean?5) money is in a bank?6) countries are there in the world?7) bread is eaten per day?8) bones are there in the human body?9) sand is in the deserts?10) information is on the internet?


Pete wants to exercise more and he is asking his friend Chris about a gym

1) Write the right WH question in the space

What - who - Which - How many - Where

1. __________ ‘s the name of our gym ?The triangle

2. __________exactly is it ? It’s in spring road.

3. __________is it to become a member ? $40 a month.

4. __________classes do they have ?Aerobics, weights, exercise classes, swimming, lots

5. __________ class do you go to ?Aerobics.6. __________ ‘s the teacher ?A man called Joe.

7. __________ people go to your class?About 30 usually.

8. __________ in each class?One and a half hours.

9. __________ do you go ?On Wednesday evenings

10. __________ can I find out more ? I’ll give you their telephone number.


2. PREPOSITIONS


Actividad en la que ubican todos los objetos de clase usando una preposicion. El docente hace frase usando otras preposiciones ademas de las de lugar.


PREPOSITIONS – TIME

2.3 Retroalimentación y EvaluaciónComplete the exercise according to the picture.

1. ___________the picture, there are three kids.2. The girl is standing ___________the two boys.3. The boy with the green shirt is ___________the right4. He has a gamboy ___________his hands.5. The kids are looking ___________his gameboy.

Complete the exercise according to the picture.

1. ___________the picture, I can see Santa Claus and a girl.

2. Santa is sitting ___________a chair.

3. The girl is standing ___________Santa.

4. Santa and the girl are looking ___________each other.

5. The girl has a present ___________her hands.

6. ___________the girl, there is a Christmas tree.

7. There are more presents ___________the tree.

8. Santa’s big bag is lying ___________the floor.


1. ___________September2. ___________12 o’clock3. ___________Winter4. ___________Easter Monday5. ___________4th July, 17766. ___________Christmas7. ___________Tuesday8. ___________the weekend9. ___________my birthday10. t___________he end of the week

FILL IN WITH THE CORRECT PREPOSITIONS.

1. Peter is playing tennis ___________Sunday.2. My brother’s birthday is ___________the 5th of November.3. My birthday is ___________May.4. We are going to see my parents ___________the weekend.5. ___________1666, a great fire broke out in London.6. I don’t like walking alone in the streets ___________night.7. What are you doing ___________the afternoon?8. My friend has been living in Canada ___________two years.9. I have been waiting for you ___________seven o’clock.10. I will have finished this essay ___________Friday.

3. PRESENT CONTINUOUS



1) FORM

2) USE 1 NOW

Use the Present Continuous to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

Examples:• You are learning English now.• You are not swimming now.• Are you sleeping?

3) USE 2 LONGER ACTIONS IN PROGRESS NOW

In English, “now” can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this cen-tury, and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.

Examples:• I am studying to become a doctor.• I am not studying to become a dentist.• I am reading the book Tom Sawyer.• I am not reading any books right now.• Are you working on any special projects at work?• Aren’t you teaching at the university now?

4) USE 3 NEAR FUTURE

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future.

Examples:• I am meeting some friends after work.

• I am not going to the party tonight.• Is he visiting his parents next weekend?• Isn’t he coming with us tonight?


MATCH COLUMN A AND COLUMN B

I are watching TVYou am watching TV.He are watching TV.She is watching TV.It are watching TV.We is watching TV.You are watching TV.They is watching TV.

EXERCISES – CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

1. Some students ____________ for the bus.a) is waiting b)waited c) are waiting d) wait

2. I ______________ my homework.d) do

3.a) done b) is doing c) am doingTheir daughter ______________ a book.

d) is readinga) are reading b) reads c) readed

4. We __________________ English.d) is learninga) is learn b) learn c) are learning

5. Several patients _________________ in the doctor office. a) waits b) are waiting c) waited d) is waiting

6. Her friends _________________ with her.a) shops b) are shopping c) is shopping d) shopping

7. A nurse ____________ to a patient.d) talkinga) is talking b) are talking c) talks

8. I __________________to music.c) am listening d)listena) is listening b) are listening

9. They ___________________ in the library.d) is studyinga) study b) studied c) are studying

10. My phone _________________ at this moment.d) is ringinga) rings b) rang c) are ringing


1. My father (work) ____________in Spain at the moment.2. I (prepare) ____________ for the biggest exams of my life3. Shhh, I (try) ____________ to concentrate4. More and more people (buy) ____________ Christmas presents in advance5. I (live) ____________ with my parents at the moment6. London residents (become) ____________excited about the Olympics7. They (go) ____________ to a fancy restaurant tonight.8. She (cry) ____________ because she misses him so much9. Jennifer (smile) ____________ so beautifully in that photo10. My boyfriend (complete) ____________ his masters at the moment

4. PRESENT CONTINUOUS (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)




FORM QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS

Example: ___________ (you / read) a book, Nicky? No, ________.

Answer: Are you reading a book at the moment, Nicky? No, I’m not.

1. _______________ (you / eat) your lunch, Michael? No, __________

2. _______________ (Michael / read) a book, Sarah? No, __________

3. _______________ (Peter / play) football with his friends? Yes, __________

4. _______________ (the girls / watch) television at the moment? Yes,

__________

5. _______________ (your mother and father / cook) lunch, Mary?

Yes,__________

6. _______________ (Dad / work) in the garden, Mum? No, __________


7. _______________ (Sandy / do) her homework? No, __________

8. _______________ (John and Jenny / listen) to the radio. No, __________

9. _______________ (it / rain) ? No, __________

10. _______________ (the children / play) in the park? Yes, __________


Write questions with the words below.

1. Peter / to go / to the cinema _______________________

2. they / to play / a game _______________________

3. she / to listen /to the radio_______________________

4. I / to dream_______________________

5. they / to pack / their bags_______________________

6. you / to do / the washing-up _______________________

7. we / to talk / too fast _______________________

8. they / to clean / the windows _______________________

9. she / to watch / the news_______________________

10. you / to pull / my leg _______________________

5. MODAL VERBS (CAN , COULD, WOULD)


Se indaga entre los estudiantes formas de solicitar cosas, pedir permisos, ofre-cer cosas, sugerir, etc. Se les ofrece diferentes formas para saber si en alguna circunstancia las han escuchado.



1. __________ close your window please? It’s very cold in here.2. __________ open the door for me please? I am carrying all these books.3. Oh, Anna isn’t at home!__________ leave a message for her please?4. Waiter!__________ see the wine list now? Thank you.5. Mary, I don’t get my money till next week.__________ lend me $20 till then?6. I like this jacket a lot. __________ try it on, please?7. I didn’t understand what you said to me. __________ repeat it please?8. Please __________ borrow your car until tomorrow as mine is being repaired?9. This case is very heavy! __________ help me with it please?10. Excuse me! Your music is on very loud. __________ turn it down a little?

CAN/COULD

Put the correct word into these sentences.

1. I __________ speak English well now. (ability - present).2. She __________ write beautiful songs. (ability - present)3. She __________ write beautiful songs when she was young. (ability past)

4. It __________ snow this afternoon. (possibility)5. She __________ be late. (possibility)6. I __________ telephone her if you like. (ability now)7. I __________ telephone her if you like. (possibility)8. __________ I have a new car daddy? (permission)


1. It’s your birthday? You ______ have told me. I would have got you a present.A __ would B __ must C __ can D __ should

2. You ____ be joking! I’m not going to lend hime my new car.A __ might B __ must C __ could D __ should

3. I think you _____ at least offer to help me. After all I’ve done for you, it’s only fair.A __ must B __ might C __ may D __ would

4. I ________ do that , if I were you. There’ll be all manner of trouble if you do.A __ mustn’t B __ mightn’t C __ can’t D __ wouldn’t

5. We _____ as well go home now. The shops are all closed.A __ must B __ can C __ might D __ could

6. If you’re looking for a good restaurant and can afford to pay a little extra, _____I suggest the “Mangled Carrot” in Old Market Street. It’s excellent.A __ should B __ would C __ might D __ will

7. _____ I have a quick word with you Brian? It’s nothing serious.A __ Could B __ Should C __ Would D __ Must

8. Is ten pounds enough for a taxi.... I ______ think so. It’s less than two miles.A __ might B __ should C __ may D __ could

9. Was it paul who took the last piece of cake without asking? He _____. That’s so typical of him, putting himself first as usual.

10. You’re saying it was a mistake that they forgot about our party? You _____ have fooled me. I’m sure they didn’t want to come.A __ would B__ could C__ can D__ should

6. READING COMPREHENSION


Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy in 1451. While spending most of his early years at sea, Columbus began to believe that he could find a shortcut to the Indies by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean. Unfortunately, the King of Portugal refused to finance such a trip, and Columbus was forced to present his idea to the King and Queen of Spain. In 1492, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella agreed to pay for his trip. They gave him a crew and three ships, the Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria. Columbus sailed aboard the Santa Maria.

The trip was long and hard. Many sailors grew restless and wanted to turn around.After two months at sea, land was finally sighted. The ships docked on the island ofHispaniola. Columbus named the native people he saw “Indians”, because he believed he had found the shortcut he was looking for. In actuality, Columbus found North Ame-rica, a brand new continent at that time. Columbus, however, couldn’t be convinced.He died with the belief he had found the shortcut to the Indies. Soon, however, other explorers and nations understood the importance of his discoveries. Columbus’ disco-veries set the stage for the Age of Exploration, one of the most fascinating and exciting times in world history.


1. Where was Christopher Columbus born?A. The New WorldB. PortugalC. SpainD. Italy

2. Which is NOT true?A. Columbus was born in Italy.B. Columbus received three ships and a crew from the King and Queen of Spain.C. Columbus found a shortcut to the Indies.D. The journey across the Atlantic took two months.

3. Which of the following was NOT one of his ships?A. NinaB. IsabellaC. PintaD. Santa Maria

4. Why was Christopher Columbus very important?A. He believed he found a shortcut to the Indies.B. He first used the word “Indians”.C. He discovered a whole new continent.D. He was one of the bravest explorers of all time.



INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

If you want a brief history of information technology, here is one. Humans were the first “computers”. Then machines were invented to carry out the computational tasks. Now these machines have given way to new form of information technology. Information has become accessible from anywhere.

Information technology deals with the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemina-tion of vocal, pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and telecommunications. Thanks to the continuous develo-pment of computers, the original computing systems became minicomputers and later personal computers took the lead.

Nowadays, mobile phones are dethroning the personal computer and computing is evolving faster to become disembodied more like a cloud, becoming accessible more easily whenever needed. Information technology in this sense has transformed people and companies and has allowed digital technology to influence society and economyalike.

1. Information technology is changing principally because of:2. a. the changing needs3. b. new technological advances

2. According to the author the first computers were:a. calculatorsb. humans

3. Development of information technology is the result of:a. advances in computing systemsb. development of machinery in general

4. Computing systems are taking the form of clouds means:a. computers have become smallerb. computing power will be disembodied.

SEVEN WAYS TO PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT

We all want to protect our planet, but we’re mostly too busy or too lazy to put up big change that would improve our lifestyle and save the environment.

These are 7 simple habits to implement in your everyday life which will make a diffe-rence. There is nothing new here but if you follow at least some of these tips, you can be proud of yourself participating in the protection of the environment.

1. Use compact fluorescent light bulbs:It is true that these bulbs are more expensive, but they last much longer and they can save energy and in the long term your electricity bill would be reduced.

2. Donate:You have tons of clothes or things you want to get rid of. If they are still usable, give them to someone who needs them. You may also choose to give them to associations.These associations may sell them and collect a little money. Not only will you protect the environment, but you will also contribute to a good cause.3. Turn off your devices:When you do not use a house device, turn it off. For example, if you don’t watch TV, turn it off. Turn off the light when you leave a room (even if you intend to return.) It’s an easy habit to take up which will help you save a lot of money.

4. Walk or cycle:Driving is one of the biggest causes of pollution. If you want to use your car, ask your-

self the following question: do I really need my car? Walk or use your bike if the journey is a short one.

5. Detergent:Follow the recommended dose of detergent to wash your clothes or dishes.

6. Leaky faucets:Watch leaky faucets, which can cause a significant increase in the water bill. An ave-rage of 120 liters of water can be wasted due to a dripping faucet.

7. Rainwater:Think of recovering rainwater. This water can be used for different purposes.


This list is far from being exhaustive but in addition to saving the environment, all these tips will help you save money.

1. Fluorescent light bulbs waste more energya. Trueb. False

2. Donate means:a. give.b. take.

3. The 7 tips suggesteda. to save money.b. protect the environment.c. to save money and protect the environment.

8. PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS


IDENTIFICA EL TIEMPO VERBAL

PRESENTE SIMPLE “S” O CONTINUO “C”


PRESENT SIMPLE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS

1. ___________________ the names of all the students in your class?a) you know b) Do you know c) are you knowing d) have you known

2. I ____________________to the radio now.a) listen b) listened c) am listening d) am listened

3. I ___________ the neighbor’s TV every day. It is very laud.a) am hearing b) I heard c) hear d) am heard

4. Annette ___________________ to me right now.a) do not listen b) doesn’t listen c) isn’t listening d) is listening.

5. This bread ___________________ delicious.a) tastes b) taste c) tasted d) tasting

6. I ___________________ it has honey on it.a) thinks b) think c) is thinking d) thought

7. You are very quiet. What ______________________ about?a) do you think b) do you thought c) are you thinking d) are you thought

8. Today I______________________ at home.a) work b) works c) worked d)am working

9. The teacher________________ the grammar very good.a) explain b) explained c) explains d) are explaining

10. John ___________________ his favorite dish now.a) cook b) is cooking c) cooks d) cooked


PRESENT SIMPLE OR PROGRESSIVE1. It’s seven o’clock and they __________to school now. (go)

2. Mrs Cooper __________ in the restaurant every Sunday. (eat)

3. Our cat never __________ on the kitchen table. (jump)

4. Look! The men __________ blue uniforms. (wear)

5. Curt always __________ his guitar in the afternoon. (play)

6. The taxi __________ for them at the moment. (wait)

7. He always __________ his grandmother in the coat. (help)

8. They never __________ very much. (eat)

9. Listen! Bill __________ his electric guitar. (play)

10. He __________his car every Sunday. (wash)

11. The bell __________at seven o’clock every morning. (ring)

12. They always __________their aunt a tree for Christmas. (bring)

13. She __________a red pullover and black jeans today. (wear)

14. The boys __________snowballs at the girls now. (throw)

15. Mr Black __________into the classroom at the moment. (walk)


1. The car outside __________________ a lot of noise.a) doesn’t b) is do c) is doing d) doing

2. I ____________________ my alarm clock.a) fix b) fixed c) am fixing d) are fixed

3. Mary is sick. She ________________ like a baby.a) is sleeping b) sleeps c) slept d) are sleep

4. Barbara _________________ a magazine now.a) reads b) is reading c) read d)are reading

5. Do you __________________ every day?a) studies b) studied c) study d) are studying

6. Where ___________________ from?a) are you come b) does come c) are you coming d) is coming

7. Don’t forget your umbrella. It _____________________________ nowa) rains b) rained c) is raining d) is rains

8. ______________________ Japanese?a) are you speaking b) do you speak c) do you spoke d) did you spoke

9. Can I phone you back later? We ________________________ dinner.a) have b) is have c) are having d) had

10. Are _____________________ yourself?a) enjoys b) enjoyed c) you enjoying d) enjoy

11. _________she __________ too?a) are dance b)is dancing c) is dance d) are danced

12. My friends ____________________ in this hotel.a) is stayed b) stayed c) are staying d) is staying

13. The waiter ________________ this room every morning.a) clean b) cleaned c) cleans d) is cleaning.

14. Ronald ___________________ a cup of tea.a) has b) is having c) had d) have

15. The baby __________________ on the floor now.a) sits b) sit c) is sitting d) sat

9. FUTURE WITH WILL


ACTIVIDAD ORAL: Los estudiantes son cuestionados acerca de sus sueños o deseos para el futuro. Deben buscar el vocabulario necesario para expresar tales deseos.


WHEN TO USE WILL

1) AFFIRMATIVE

We use WILL in the following circumstances:

1. For things that we decide to do now.•I’ll call a taxi for you.

2. When we think or believe something about the future.• The President will not be re-elected at the next election.• I think it will rain later so take an umbrella with you.

3. To make an offer, a promise or a threat.• I’ll have it ready by tomorrow.

2) NEGATIVE

In the negative, we add NOT to the end of WILL and not to the main verb. Examples:

3) CONTRACTIONSIt is possible to use contractions in both positive and negative sentences. With positive contractions WILL becomes ‘LL and is joined to the subject

4) FORM FUTURE SENTENCES WITH WILL ( AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE )

1. We / miss / the / bus/ (affirmative) ___________________________

2. Tomorrow / it / rain / a lot / (affirmative)___________________________

3. I / promise/ I / drive / too / fast / (negative)___________________________

4. I / think / that / your / sister / pass / the / exam/ (negative)___________________________

5. He / believe / you/ (negative) ___________________________


Write affirmative sentences in the future(will).

1. (I/do/this/later) ____________________________2. (we/go shopping) ____________________________3. (the sun/shine) ____________________________4. (Peter/call/you) ____________________________5. (they/be/there) ____________________________

Complete the sentences in the future I (will).

1. It (rain/not) __________tomorrow.2. I promise I (be/not) __________late.3. We (start/not) __________to watch the film without you.4. The bus (wait/not) __________for us.5. He (believe/not) __________us.


WRITE POSITIVE SENTENCES IN WILL FUTURE.

1. We (help) _________ you.

2. I (get) _________ you a drink.

3. I think our team (win) _________ the match.

4. Maybe she (do) _________ a language course in Malta.

5. I (buy) _________ the tickets.

6. Perhaps she (do) _________ this for you.

7. Maybe we (stay) _________ at home.

8. She hopes that he (cook) _________ dinner tonight.

9. I’m sure they (understand) _________ your problem.

10. They (go / probably) _________ to the party.

WRITE NEGATIVE SENTENCES IN WILL FUTURE.

1. (I / answer / the question) _________

2. (she / read / the book) _________

3. (they / drink / beer) _________

4. (we / send / the postcard) _________

5. (Vanessa / catch / the ball) _________

6. (James / open / the door) _________

7. (we / listen / to the radio) _________

8. (they / eat / fish) _________

9. (she / give / him / the apple) _________

10. (the computer / crash) _________

10. FUTURE WITH WILL (QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS)


Se inicia la clase realizando actividad de repaso de las formas afirmativa y negativa de futuro, así como las contracciones para poder iniciar el tema de preguntas en el mismo tiempo verbal.


1) QUESTIONS

2) SHORT ANSWERS:

AFFIRMATIVE YES, I WILLYES, HE WILLYES , THEY WILL

NEGATIVE NO, I WON’TNO , HE WON’T

Examples:NO, THEY WON’T

1. Will they win the cup? - Yes, they will.- No, they won’t.

2. Will you tell him the truth? - Yes, I will.- No, I won’t.

3. Will she get angry?- Yes, she will.- No, she won’t.

EXERCISE IN CLASS

Write questions in will future.

1. (you / ask / him) _______________________________?

2. (Jenny / lock / the door) _______________________________?

3. (it / rain) _______________________________?

4. (the teacher / test / our English) _______________________________?

5. (when / she / be / back) _______________________________?

6. (who / drive / us / into town) _______________________________?

7. (where / we / meet) _______________________________?

8. (when / I / be / famous) _______________________________?

9. (what / you / do) _______________________________?


WRITE QUESTIONS IN THE FUTURE I (WILL).

1. (what/learn/they) ______________________________?2. (it/snow) ______________________________?3. (when/you/get/home) ______________________________?

4. (she/forgive/me)______________________________?5. (what/say/he)______________________________?


MAKE QUESTIONS

1. She is late (she / come) ______________________________?

2. It is not interesting (they / watch it) ______________________________?

3. It is dangerous (he / do it) ______________________________ ?

4. Your sister is pale (she / be ill) ______________________________?

5. The ring is beautiful (she / like it) ______________________________?

6. 6. It is very dark in the cellar (you / see the bottles) ________________?

7. Mark is very lazy (he / revise) ______________________________?

8. The suitcase is very heavy (you / carry it) ____________________________ ?

9. They are very angry (they / speak to you) ____________________________ ?

10. She is a very aggressive person (she / be nice with me) ________________ ?

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

1. I _________________ my friends for dinner after work tomorrow.A. will meetB. am meetingC. am going to meet

2. I haven’t made any plans for Easter. I____________ in Hong KongA. am going to stay

B. will probably stayC. am staying

3. ‘The phone;s ringing’ ‘OK, I_______________ it.A. ‘ll answerB. am going to answerC. am answering

4. I________________ for my exam on Sunday afternoonA. will reviseB. am going to reviseC. am revising

5. I _______________ to London tomorrow night.A. am flyingB. am going to flyC. will fly

6. I_____________________ home after this lessonA. am going to goB. am goingC. Will

7. OK, so it’s 8.30, Central MTR station by the Hang Seng Bank. I___________you tomorrow. Bye!A. will seeB. am going to seeC. am seeing

8. What ________________ at the weekend?A. will you doB. are you doingC. are you going to do

9. Can you lend me five hundred dollars? I __________ you back on Friday.A. am going to payB. am payingC. will pay

10. __________________ get married before you’re 30?A. Will youB. Do you think you willC. Are you gettingD. Are you going to get

11. COMPARATIVES


Se realiza actividad en la que deben dar un adjetivo para califiacr físicamente a dife-rentes personas de la clase.Ejemplo : The teacher is short

Sofia is prettySandra is nice

Entre todos elaborarán una lista de adjetivos con el vocabulario que han adquirido a lo largo del curso y de cursos anteriores, similar a la que se adjunta a continuación:

11.2 Explicación y Aplicación del Aprendizaje1-syllable adjectives: add -er to the adjective• My sister is much taller than me.†• It’s colder today than it was yesterday.Note: If the word ends: consonant-vowel-consonant, then the last consonant is usually doubled in the comparative. Examples: big-bigger, fat-fatter, hot-hotter.

2-syllable adjectives ending in -y: change the -y to -ier• She’s looking happier today.• This grammar topic is easier than the last one.• Why is everyone else luckier than me? †Beware: Do not confuse adjectives and adverbs. 2-syllable adverbs ending in -y must be compared with the word more. Example: I drive more quickly (quicklier) than my brother.

Other 2-syllable adjectives: use more with the unchanged adjective• The shops are always more crowded just before Christmas.• Is there anything more boring than reading about grammar?• My sister is more careful with her writing than I am with mine.Note: The comparative of some shorter 2-syllable adjectives can be formed with -er. Examples:simple-simpler, clever-cleverer, narrow-narrower. To be sure which compa-rative method to use, you will need to consult a good dictionary.

Adjectives with 3 or more syllables: use more with the unchanged adjective• Russian grammar is more difficult than English grammar.• My sister is much more intelligent than me.†• I find maths lessons more enjoyable than science lessons.• The older you get, the more irritating you become.

11.3 Retroalimentación y EvaluaciónFIND THE OPPOSITE COMPARATIVE OF:1. short 6 interesting2. thin 7. stupid3. expensive 8. sad4. white 9. old5. slow 10. dry

1. My suitcase is __________ (+ large) than your suitcase.

2. This scarf is __________ (+ beautiful) than the one in the window.

3. The palace Hotel was __________ (+ expensive) than the Grosvenor.

4. John is a __________ (+ good) gardener than Stuart.

5. They are not going to the __________ (+ bad) hotel.

6. The palace is the __________ (+ expensive) hotel.

7. John is the __________ (+ good) gardener.

8. These are the __________ (+ beautiful) colours.

9. Mr.Smith is __________ (+ bad) today than yesterday.

TRABAJO INDEPENDIENTE:

1. Helen’s car isn’t very big. She wants a ______________ one.a) heavier b) more expensive c) bigger d) cheaper

2. My job isn’t very interesting. I want to do something_________________a) more relaxing b) more interesting b) more dangerous c) more careful

3. You are not very tall- Your brother is _____________a) prettier b) younger c)more serious d) taller

4. David doesn’t work very hard. I work ___________a) harder B) better c) stronger d) happier

5. My chair isn’t very comfortable. Yours is ______________a) worse b) better c) more comfortable d) colder

6. Your idea isn’t very good. My idea is ____________a) worse b) better c) more serious d) more modern

7. These flowers aren’t very nice. The blue ones are ____________a) nicer b) prettier c) stranger d) better

8. My bag isn’t very heavy. Your bag is ___________________a) more modern b) lighter c) heavier d) larger

9. I am not very interested in art. I’m ____________________ in history.a) more interested b) better c) worse d) happier

10. It isn’t very warm today. It was ____________ yesterday.a) colder b) stranger c) worse d) warmer

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH ABIT OR MUCH PLUS THE COMPARATIVE

1. Emma is 25. Gary is 241/2 . Emma is __________________ than Gary.a)much older b) a bit older c) much younger d) a bit younger

2. Jack’s mother is 52. His father is 69. Jacks’s mother is ______________than his father.a) much older b) a bit older c) much younger d) a bit younger

3. My camera cost $ 100. Yours cost $ 96.My camera is _______________than yours.

a) much more expensive b) a bit more expensive c) much cheaper d)a bit che-aper

Yesterday I felt terrible. Today I feel OK. I feel __________________ than yes-4.terday.

b) a bit worse c) much better d) a bit bettera) much worse

5. Today the temperature is 12 degrees. Yesterday it was 10 degrees. It is____________________than yesterday

c) much colder d) a bit coldera) much warmer b) a bit warmer

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES

1. Athens is older than Rome. Rome isn’t as ___________ as Athens.a) young b) large c) old d) pretty

2. She is more nervous than him. He isn’t as ____________ as her.a) nervous b) calm c) serious d) popular

3. We played better than them. They didn’t play as _____________ as we did.a) nice b) bad c) well d)great

4. My room is bigger than yours. Your room isn’t as ______________ as mine.a) small b) big c) large d)beautiful

5. You got up earlier than me. I didn’t get up as _____________ as you did.a) late b) soon c)sleep d) early

6. Athens is older ____________ Romea) the b)than c)as d) that

7. I don’t watch TV as much _____ you.a) as b)than c) the d) that

8. You eat more __________ me.a) the b)than c)as d) that

9. I am more tired today _________ I was yesterday.a) the b)than c)as d) that

10. Joe isn’t as intelligent _________ he thinks.a) the b)than c) that d) as

12. SUPERLATIVES



1-syllable adjectives: add -est to the adjective (plus the)

• My sister is the tallest in our family.• Yesterday was the coldest day of the year so far.

2-syllable adjectives ending in -y: change the -y to -iest (plus the)

• The richest people are not always the happiest.• Which do you think is the easiest language to learn?• She’s the luckiest person I know.

Other 2-syllable adjectives: use the most with the unchanged adjective

• The most boring thing about ESL class is doing grammar exercises.• My sister is the most careful person I know.

Adjectives with 3 or more syllables: use the most with the unchanged adjective

• Some people think that Russian is the most difficult language.• Albert Einstein was the most intelligent person in history.• My most enjoyable class is English.

• You are the most irritating person I have ever met!

Following are two common irregular comparative/superlative forms:

• good-better-the best• bad-worse-the worst• far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

EXERCISE Short adjectives: adjective + est

Examples: fast - the fastest, strong - , high -

Short adjectives ending in vowel + consonant: adjective + double consonant + est

Examples: big - the biggest, hot - fat -

Adjectives ending in -y:(y --> i) + est

Examples: funny - the funniest, happy - sunny -

Long adjectives: the most + adjective

Examples: beautiful - the most beautiful, expensive - interesting -


COMPLETE THE SENTENCES.USE THE SUPERLATIVE FORM OF THE ADJECTIVES IN BRACKETS.

• Who is the____________ (tall) person in your family?• My mum is the____________ (good) cook in the world.• December is the____________ (cold) month of the year in my country.• What’s the____________ (dangerous) animal in the world?• Ethan is the____________ (happy) boy that I know.• Where are the____________ (nice) beaches in your country?• She bought the____________ (big) cake in the shop.• Who is the____________ (famous) singer in your country?

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE SUPERLATIVE

For example: wet - wettest difficult - the most difficult

1. This is the ____________ (high) mountain in Australia.

2. That’s the ____________ (poor) country in the world.

3. They’re the ____________ (beautiful) flowers I’ve ever seen. 4. George is

the ____________ (slow) runner in the race. 5. Anne is the ____________

(young) in class. 6. That’s the ____________ (difficult) exercise

I’ve ever done. 7. This is the ____________ (busy) restaurant I know.

8. Who has the ____________ (fast) car?

9. Your pillow is the ____________ (soft).

10. The room at the back is the ____________ (quiet).


WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT SPACE?

Make the superlative form. Add the . . . est or the most . . . to the word in brackets.

1. The moon is the __________planet to earth. (close)

2. Jupiter is the __________planet in our solar system. (large)

3. Sirius is the __________star we can see from earth. (brilliant)

4. Venus is the __________planet in our solar system. (hot)

5. Ceres is the __________asteroid in our solar system. (big)

6. The Energya is the __________rocket. (powerful)

7. Karl Henize was the __________man in space. He was 58 years old. (old)

8. Saturn is the __________planet. (beautiful)

9. Venus is the __________planet in our solar system. (bright)

10. The Apollo project was the __________space programme. It cost 25 541 400 000 dollars. (expensive)

11. Mercury is the __________planet in our solar system. (small)

12. Romenko is the __________man in space. He spent over 420 days in space. (ex-perienced)

13. Pluto is the __________planet in our solar system. (cold)



READ THE PASSAGES AND CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTIONS ACCORDING TOTHE READINGS.

One of my favorite vacation places is Mexico. I really like the weather there because it never gets cold. The people are very nice too. They never laugh at my bad Spanish. The food is really good. Mexico City is a very interesting place to visit. It has some great museums and lots of fascinating old buildings. The hotels are too expensive to stay but there are more affordable options. For example, you can stay at one of the beach resorts like Acapulco. If you are planning to visit Mexico, you should definitely see the Mayan temples near Merida.

1.__ Sam likes warm weather__ Sam doesn’t like warm weather at all__ Sam hates warm water__ Sam likes cold weather

2.__ His Spanish is very good__ He speaks Spanish very well__ He is Spanish__ He doesn’t speak Spanish very well

3.__ There’s a lot to see and do in Mexico__ There aren’t a lof of beautiful places in Mexico__ Mexico is a dirty place__ Tourists never come to Mexico

4.__Hotels are very cheap in Mexico__The hotels aren’t comfortable there__ Hotels are all poor in Mexico__ The hotels in Mexico are pretty expensive

Last summer, we decided to spend our vacation at the beach because the weather was very hot in the mountains. The travel agent said that traveling by bus was the cheapest way, but we went by plane because it was faster. We wanted to have more time to spend at the beach. The weather was beautiful and we had a great time.

5. We decided to go to the beach because ----. __ it was cheaper than going to the mountains __ the travel agent said that it was the cheapest __ of the hot weather in the mountains__ we wanted to spend time at the beach

6. The bus was the ---- way to travel.__ best __ easiest__ cheapest __ slowest

7. Traveling by plane was ---- than by bus. __ more fun__ cheaper __ expensive __ faster

8. We ---- our vacation.__ hated__ didn’t like__ enjoyed __ regretted

9. We had very ---- weather during our vacation. __ good__ hot __ warm __ cold

14. FUTURE WITH WILL (QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS)


14.2Explicación y Aplicación del AprendizajeHave to (objective obligation)We often use have to to say that something is obligatory, for example:• Children have to go to school. Structure of Have toSUBJECT + AUXILIARY VERB + HAVE + INFINITIVE (WITH TO) Look at these examples in the simple tense:

Use of Have to

In general, have to expresses impersonal obligation. The subject of have to is obliged or forced to act by a separate, external power (for example, the Law or school rules). Have to is objective. Look at these examples:• In France, you have to drive on the right.• In England, most schoolchildren have to wear a uniform.• John has to wear a tie at work.

Put in have to or has to into the gaps.

1) They __________ write a test.2) She __________clean her desk.3) Ken and Liz __________learn English words.4) Andy __________help his brother.5) We __________do our homework.6) He __________write with a pencil.7) I __________feed the hamster.8) You __________take photos.9) Victoria __________read the newspaper.10) The teacher __________send a text message


Put in don’t have to or doesn’t have to into the gaps.

1) He __________work in the evening.

2) We __________go shopping.

3) The friends __________get up early.

4) Mandy __________read the instructions.

5) You __________do the project.

6) I __________play the guitar.

7) They __________carry the buckets.

8) She __________wash my T-shirt.

9) Mum __________make sandwiches.

10) Frank and Joel __________draw a picture.


COMPLETA LAS FRASES CON HAVE TO, DON’T / DOESN’T HAVE TO.

1. Larry ____________ go to the bank. He hasn’t got any money.

2. You ____________smoke in the baby’s room.

3. You ____________pay. The entrance is free.

4. I ____________hurry up if I don’t want to miss the plane.

5. In the company, everybody ____________start work at 8:30.

6. You ____________cook tonight. I have already prepared the dinner.

7. I ____________pick up my sister from the airport tomorrow.

8. She ___________work. Her husband earns enough money for both of them.

9. You ____________smoke at the petrol station.

10. If you want to study here, you ____________pass an entrance examination.

15. PAST PARTICIPLES


El docente deberá efectuar actividades, ejercicios y juegos para que los estudiantes logren memorizar los participios pasados de los verbos irregulares.

Directions: Find the verbs below in the wordseach


FORGET, GO, COME, EAT, GIVE, COST, DRIVE, DRINK, THINK, BUY

16. PRESENT PERFECT (AFFIRMATIVE/ NEGATIVE)



1) Form of Present Perfect

2. Use of Present Perfect:• She has written five letters.• School has not started yet.• She has cooked dinner.• I have lost my keys.

• I have never been to Australia.

WRITE AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES IN PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

The following people have just completed an action.

1. Bob / visit / his grandma ____________________________2. Jimmy / play / on the computer ____________________________3. Sue and Walter / wash / their car ____________________________4. Andrew / repair / his bike ____________________________5. Phil / help / Anne with maths ____________________________6. Brad and Louise / watch / a film ____________________________7. Tamara / talk to / her best friend ____________________________8. Bridgette / draw / a picture ____________________________9. Carol / read / a computer magazine ____________________________10. Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant ____________________________

WRITE NEGATIVE SENTENCES IN PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE.

1. Sarah / not / wash the dishes ____________________________2. Anita / not / clean the kitchen ____________________________3. Maureen and Gavin / not / water the plants__________________________

4. Joey / not / make his bed ____________________________5. David / not / buy milk ____________________________6. Lisa / not / be to the baker’s ____________________________

7. Aran and Jack / not / do their homework____________________________8. Jane and Ben / not / tidy up their rooms____________________________9. Alex / not / feed the hamster ____________________________10. Hazel / not / empty the bin ____________________________

16.3 Retroalimentación y Evaluación1) Karen _______________ me an e-mail. (to send)2) Dave and Pat _______________the museum. (to visit)3) I _______________at the pet shop. (to be)4) They _______________already _______________their rucksacks. (to pack)5) Marcus _______________an accident. (to have)6) We _______________the shopping for our grandmother. (to do)7) I _______________just _______________my bike. (to clean)8) Emily _______________her room. (to paint)9) Lisa and Colin _______________to a concert. (to go)10) My friends _______________smoking. (to give up)


HAVE OR HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE

1. Brent _____________ (drive) George to work today.2. They _____________ (work) all day and night.3. We _____________ (see) the new bridge.4. He _____________ (have) breakfast this morning.5. Ann and Don _____________ (wash) the car.6. Kathy _____________ (want) to go to Queenland for a long time.7. Mel _____________ (give) up smoking.8. I _____________ (forgot) that man’s name.9. They _____________ (lose) their keys.10. Jack _____________ (be) to England.

MAKE SENTENCES USING THE PRESENT PERFECT1. I _______________ (fly) in a plane.2. I _______________ (eat) crocodile.3. I _______________ (be) on stage.4. We _______________ (give) blood.5. She _______________ (meet) a famous person.6. I _______________ (visit) a safari park.7. I _______________ (learn) another language.8. I _______________ (witness) a crime.9. He _______________break) a bone.10. I _______________ (hold) a snake.

17. PRESENT PERFECT (QUESTIONS / SHORT ANSWERS)



1) Questions without question words in the Present Perfect

2) Questions with question words in the Present Perfect

Note:Use has with the 3rd person singular (he, she, it) and in all other persons have.

EXERCISES

PUT IN THE CORRECT VERB FORMS INTO THE GAPS. USE THE PRESENT PER-FECT.

1) _______ you _______ the kitchen door? (to paint)

2) _______ your brother _______ the shopping? (to do)

3) _______ Julian ever _______ a spider? (to touch)

4) _______ your father ever _______ on an elephant? (to ride)

5) _______ Lee _______ his parents yet? (to ask)

6) What _______ you _______ in your text? (to write)

7) _______ Bill _______ the radio? (to turn off)

8) _______ you ever _______ in a helicopter? (to fly)

9) Who _______ the window? (to break)

10) _______ you ever _______ for your friends? (to cook)

17.3 Retroalimentación y EvaluaciónI live in London. (Simple Present)I ______ __________in London. (Present Perfect)

You live in London. (Simple Present)You ______ __________in London. (Present Perfect)

He/She lives in London. (Simple Present)He/She ______ __________ in London. (Present Perfect)

We live in London. (Simple Present)We ______ __________in London. (Present Perfect)

You live in London. (Simple Present)You ______ __________in London. (Present Perfect)

They live in London. (Simple Present)They ______ __________in London. (Present Perfect)


Past Participle forms:given has have leftbeen chosen eaten

sold swum taken thought written

Fill in the Present Perfect form - irregular verbs.

1. She ______ __________ to the cinema. (to be)

2. They ______ __________ at the new restaurant. (to eat)

3. The children ______ __________ in the sea. (to swim)

4. Father ______ __________ the washing machine. (to sell)

5. The teenagers ______ __________ text messages. (to write)

6. I ______ __________ the party. (to leave)

7. Mother ______ __________ about the holiday. (to think)

8. The cows ______ __________ milk. (to give)

9. We ______ __________ the best photos. (to choose)

10. You ______ __________ the children to the zoo. (to take)


18.1 Introducción al temaTHE UNITED STATES

The United States is a large country. It is the third largest in the whole world! It is loca-ted in a continent called North America. Parts of the United States touch three different oceans. The United States has tall mountains, wide plains, deserts, hills, rivers, lakes, volcanoes, and even rainforests! People from all over the world have come to live in the United States.

There are 50 states in the United States. The newest states, Alaska and Hawaii, are not connected to the other states. Alaska is the largest state and Hawaii is a chain of islands in the Pacific Ocean.


1. The United States is the _____________ country in the world.

A. smallestB. third largestC. second largestD. Largest

2. The United States does not have...A. mountainsB. 50 statesC. continentsD. Volcanoes

3. Parts of the United States touch _______ different oceans.

A. 3B. 2C. 4D. 1

4. What continent is the United States in?

5. Alaska is ___________ and Hawaii is ___________

A. the largest state; a chain of islandsB. a chain of islands; the largest stateC. not connected to the other states; the largest state.D. connected to the other states; a chain of islands

PENGUINS

Penguins are among the most popular of all birds. They only live in and around the South Pole and the continent of Antarctica. No wild penguins live at the North Pole. There are many different kinds of penguins. The largest penguin is called the Emperor Penguin and the smallest kind of penguin is the Little Blue Penguin. There are 17 diffe-rent kinds of penguins in all and none of them can fly.

Penguins have to be able to survive in the some of the Earth’s coldest and windiest conditions. They are great swimmers and have thick layers of fat to protect them from the bitter cold. Even in their freezing cold habitats, penguins still have to watch out for predators such as killer whales and seals.


1. Which is not a PREDATOR of penguins?

A. hawkB. sealC. killer whale

2. Where do Penguins live?A. the North PoleB. the North and South polesC. the South Pole

3. Which is the largest penguin?

4. Penguins are....A. all very largeB. great at swimmingC. great at flying

5. How many different kinds of penguins are there?

19. EXERCISES


CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWER.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA Y CIBERGRAFÍA

BRUNER, J. (1984) Acción pensamiento y lenguaje, Madrid, Alianza

CARRETERO, M. (1998) Constructivismo y Educación, Buenos Aires, Aique

CASSANY, D. (2007) Describir el Escribir. Barcelona, Paidós

CRYSTAL, D. (1998) English as a Global Language. Cambridge University Press. CPI Group. Cambridge, United Kingdom.

DELORS, J. (1996). La educación encierra un tesoro. Informe a la Unesco de la Comi-sión Internacional sobre la Educación para el Siglo XXI. UNESCO. Barcelona. Paidós.

MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN NACIONAL. (2006) Formar en Lenguas Extranjeras.Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Revolucion Educativa Colombia Aprende. Imprenta Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá.

MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN NACIONAL. (2006). Estándares Básicos de Compe-tencias en Lenguas Extranjeras: Inglés. Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Imprenta Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá.

SÁNCHEZ L., C. (2001) Competencias Comunicativa y Aprendizaje significativo.

neversanchez.files.wordpress.com€¦ · Web viewAdquirir y mecanizar vocabulario nuevo a través...

Documents

Transcript of neversanchez.files.wordpress.com€¦ · Web viewAdquirir y mecanizar vocabulario nuevo a través...