AFT Il™Impulse™Impulse MdliModelingg off Wt hWaterhammer ... · AFT Il™Impulse™Impulsep...
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AFT I l ™M d li fWt h T i t AFT Impulse™ Modeling of Waterhammer Transients AFT Impulse Modeling of Waterhammer Transients AFT Impulse Modeling of Waterhammer Transients Presented by: Jose Matos BSME Presented by: Jose Matos, BSME Mentor : Amer Awwad PE Mentor : Amer Awwad ,PE d Introduction Introduction •SL‐167 pipeline is located on the DOE Hanford Site. SL 167 pipeline is located on the DOE Hanford Site. h l hd d f ld •The SL‐167 pipeline had a rupture disc fail due to age. The SL 167 pipeline had a rupture disc fail due to age. N i l t di i t ll d d t t •New inconel rupture disc was installed and a pressure test was f d performed. •New rupture disc failed •New rupture disc failed. •Engineers believed the failure was caused by water hammer •Engineers believed the failure was caused by water hammer •Design team at WRPS created a model to simulate the events and •Design team at WRPS created a model to simulate the events and discern if water hammer was the cause of failure discern if water hammer was the cause of failure. •Conditions present at the time of the pressure test were Conditions present at the time of the pressure test were i l d simulated. Oth i t db WRPS’ t l •Other scenarios requested by WRPS’ management were also sim lated simulated. •AFT Impulse™ a software package for modeling water hammer •AFT Impulse™, a software package for modeling water hammer, was used was used. •Drawings for the entire pipeline were obtained and used for Drawings for the entire pipeline were obtained and used for model model. •Model Inputs: elevations at multiple points, pipe lengths, pipe Model Inputs: elevations at multiple points, pipe lengths, pipe l C l f l dkf elements, Cv values for valves, and k factors. . P I N W h Program Inputs Note on Waterhammer Program Inputs Note on Waterhammer I d t b tt d t d th t hi h t k l d th In order to better understand the event which took place and the analysis of it it is necessary to have an understanding of what analysis of it, it is necessary to have an understanding of what t h i I l th h i t ll ll d waterhammer is. In general, the phenomenon is actually called “fluid hammer,” this is due to the fact that it can happen with any fluid hammer, this is due to the fact that it can happen with any fluid not just water In general it takes place when a fluid that is in fluid, not just water. In general, it takes place when a fluid that is in motion is suddenly forced to change direction or stop altogether. Even though a valve downstream of the flow is shut the fluid will Even though a valve downstream of the flow is shut, the fluid will continue to move forward with some velocity. If the flow is suddenly interrupted this momentum is converted into pressure The higher interrupted, this momentum is converted into pressure. The higher the velocity of the flow, the larger the momentum it will have as momentum is the product of mass and the velocity squared As a momentum is the product of mass and the velocity squared. As a l h ill b hi h if h l i i hi h hi ill result, the pressure will be higher if the velocity is higher. This will lead to a sudden surge in pressure and a pressure wave will be lead to a sudden surge in pressure and a pressure wave will be f d Th ill th t li th it di ti d if it The maximum transient pressure experienced by the system was 602 2 psig in the case of 150 psig supply pressure Even formed. The wave will then travel in the opposite direction and if it The maximum transient pressure experienced by the system was 602.2 psig in the case of 150 psig supply pressure. Even d h h ll fh db h d bl h h hits something else it may reflect back to the starting point The considering the other cases, all of the maximum transient pressures experienced by the system were considerably higher hits something else it may reflect back to the starting point. The l it t hi h it fl tb k df th b hi h 1440 than the burst pressure of the PSE‐PB2‐1 rupture disc (the disc was set to go at 240 psig). Despite these results, there is still velocity at which it reflects back and forth can be as high as 1440 than the burst pressure of the PSE PB2 1 rupture disc (the disc was set to go at 240 psig). Despite these results, there is still not enough evidence to prove that the rupture disc failed when the CA1‐2A valve changed from flushing to blocking while V‐ meters per second in some cases. This wave can literally hammer not enough evidence to prove that the rupture disc failed when the CA1‐2A valve changed from flushing to blocking while V‐ 214 i Th i ll t dt 400 i d li ti ll it ldt k hhi h t meters per second in some cases. This wave can literally hammer fittings in the pipeline and create considerable damage ranging from 214 was open or vice versa. The pipes are all rated to 400 psig, and realistically, it would take a much higher pressure to fittings in the pipeline and create considerable damage ranging from cause the pipes themselves to burst. However, it is safe to assume that various components and fittings attached to the burst seals all the way to pipe ruptures. Many people are pipeline may have been affected by the high transient pressures generated by water hammer in the pipeline on the day of burst seals all the way to pipe ruptures. Many people are unknowingly acquainted with fluid hammer in their homes For pipeline may have been affected by the high transient pressures generated by water hammer in the pipeline on the day of the pressure test Figure 1 below demonstrates the type of pressure stagnation that was produced in the pipeline over time unknowingly acquainted with fluid hammer in their homes. For the pressure test. Figure 1 below demonstrates the type of pressure stagnation that was produced in the pipeline over time. h f h h l k f ll b l ll k ll example, when a shower is shut off and a hammering or banging As the figure shows, there was a sudden, large spike in pressure followed by several smaller pressure spikes‐ generally noise is heard from the piping in the wall the cause of the sound is indicative of a water hammer event. The figure presented is for the 100 psig scenarios; however it is representative of the noise is heard from the piping in the wall, the cause of the sound is indicative of a water hammer event. The figure presented is for the 100 psig scenarios; however it is representative of the pressure vs time relationship throughout all of the cases tested waterhammer. This sound is also the source of the phenomenon’s pressure vs. time relationship throughout all of the cases tested. name name. Once this analysis was completed, the management at WRPS sought a second opinion in order to verify beyond doubt that these results were accurate Dominion Engineering Inc a company with experience in modeling and analysis for water these results were accurate. Dominion Engineering, Inc, a company with experience in modeling and analysis for water hammer was contracted to perform their own analysis They were provided with the AFT Impulse™ model the calculation hammer, was contracted to perform their own analysis. They were provided with the AFT Impulse™ model, the calculation Acknowledgements document put together by the in‐house design team at WRPS as well as all of the inputs, pipe design, and readouts from the Acknowledgements pipeline instrumentation. Upon completion of their analysis, their findings concurred with those of the WRPS design team. Acknowledgements pipeline instrumentation. Upon completion of their analysis, their findings concurred with those of the WRPS design team. I d t idf t t bl ith th i li it ill b t dif th fi ti i d t d th In order to avoid future trouble with the pipeline, it will be necessary to modify the configuration in order to reduce the EiNl PE pressures generated. One of the measures necessary to improve the pipeline is already underway. This is the replacement Eric Nelson, PE of the rupture disc with a pressure relief valve A pressure relief valve will allow for finer control of pressure spikes in the Eric Nelson, PE of the rupture disc with a pressure relief valve. A pressure relief valve will allow for finer control of pressure spikes in the pipeline This modification was planned before the pressure test which led to the rupture disc failure; however Michael Quintana MSME pipeline. This modification was planned before the pressure test which led to the rupture disc failure; however, Michael Quintana,MSME modifications to pipelines take some time because several calculations must be performed and approved before it is safe to Joshua Witherspoon BSME install. Another measure to avoid this problem is to reduce the speed of the valves in the pipeline or to replace them Joshua Witherspoon,BSME install. Another measure to avoid this problem is to reduce the speed of the valves in the pipeline or to replace them altogether with slower moving valves Reducing the flow velocity of the raw water may not be an option at the moment as L lL Ph D PMP ® altogether with slower moving valves. Reducing the flow velocity of the raw water may not be an option at the moment as th i li i ti t f t . Leonel Lagos, Ph.D., PMP ® the pipeline may require certain transfer rates. Leonel Lagos, Ph.D., PMP
Transcript of AFT Il™Impulse™Impulse MdliModelingg off Wt hWaterhammer ... · AFT Il™Impulse™Impulsep...
AFT I l ™ M d li f W t h T i tAFT Impulse™ Modeling of Waterhammer TransientsAFT Impulse Modeling of Waterhammer TransientsAFT Impulse Modeling of Waterhammer Transientsp gPresented by: Jose Matos BSMEPresented by: Jose Matos, BSMEy ,
Mentor : Amer Awwad PEMentor : Amer Awwad ,PE,
dIntroductionIntroduction•SL‐167 pipeline is located on the DOE Hanford Site.SL 167 pipeline is located on the DOE Hanford Site.h l h d d f l d•The SL‐167 pipeline had a rupture disc fail due to age.The SL 167 pipeline had a rupture disc fail due to age. N i l t di i t ll d d t t•New inconel rupture disc was installed and a pressure test was p p
f dperformed.p•New rupture disc failed•New rupture disc failed. •Engineers believed the failure was caused by water hammer•Engineers believed the failure was caused by water hammer •Design team at WRPS created a model to simulate the events and•Design team at WRPS created a model to simulate the events and discern if water hammer was the cause of failurediscern if water hammer was the cause of failure. •Conditions present at the time of the pressure test wereConditions present at the time of the pressure test were i l dsimulated.s u ated.Oth i t d b WRPS’ t l•Other scenarios requested by WRPS’ management were also q y gsim latedsimulated.•AFT Impulse™ a software package for modeling water hammer•AFT Impulse™, a software package for modeling water hammer, was usedwas used.•Drawings for the entire pipeline were obtained and used forDrawings for the entire pipeline were obtained and used for modelmodel.•Model Inputs: elevations at multiple points, pipe lengths, pipeModel Inputs: elevations at multiple points, pipe lengths, pipe l C l f l d k felements, Cv values for valves, and k factors. , ,
.
P I N W hProgram Inputs Note on WaterhammerProgram Inputs Note on Waterhammerg pI d t b tt d t d th t hi h t k l d thIn order to better understand the event which took place and the analysis of it it is necessary to have an understanding of whatanalysis of it, it is necessary to have an understanding of what
t h i I l th h i t ll ll dwaterhammer is. In general, the phenomenon is actually called “fluid hammer,” this is due to the fact that it can happen with anyfluid hammer, this is due to the fact that it can happen with any fluid not just water In general it takes place when a fluid that is influid, not just water. In general, it takes place when a fluid that is in motion is suddenly forced to change direction or stop altogether. motion is suddenly forced to change direction or stop altogether. Even though a valve downstream of the flow is shut the fluid willEven though a valve downstream of the flow is shut, the fluid will continue to move forward with some velocity. If the flow is suddenly y yinterrupted this momentum is converted into pressure The higherinterrupted, this momentum is converted into pressure. The higher the velocity of the flow, the larger the momentum it will have as y , gmomentum is the product of mass and the velocity squared As amomentum is the product of mass and the velocity squared. As a
l h ill b hi h if h l i i hi h hi illresult, the pressure will be higher if the velocity is higher. This will lead to a sudden surge in pressure and a pressure wave will belead to a sudden surge in pressure and a pressure wave will be f d Th ill th t l i th it di ti d if it
The maximum transient pressure experienced by the system was 602 2 psig in the case of 150 psig supply pressure Evenformed. The wave will then travel in the opposite direction and if it
The maximum transient pressure experienced by the system was 602.2 psig in the case of 150 psig supply pressure. Even d h h ll f h d b h d bl h h hits something else it may reflect back to the starting point Theconsidering the other cases, all of the maximum transient pressures experienced by the system were considerably higher hits something else it may reflect back to the starting point. The
l it t hi h it fl t b k d f th b hi h 1440than the burst pressure of the PSE‐PB2‐1 rupture disc (the disc was set to go at 240 psig). Despite these results, there is still velocity at which it reflects back and forth can be as high as 1440 than the burst pressure of the PSE PB2 1 rupture disc (the disc was set to go at 240 psig). Despite these results, there is still not enough evidence to prove that the rupture disc failed when the CA1‐2A valve changed from flushing to blocking while V‐ meters per second in some cases. This wave can literally hammernot enough evidence to prove that the rupture disc failed when the CA1‐2A valve changed from flushing to blocking while V‐214 i Th i ll t d t 400 i d li ti ll it ld t k h hi h t
meters per second in some cases. This wave can literally hammer fittings in the pipeline and create considerable damage ranging from214 was open or vice versa. The pipes are all rated to 400 psig, and realistically, it would take a much higher pressure to fittings in the pipeline and create considerable damage ranging from
cause the pipes themselves to burst. However, it is safe to assume that various components and fittings attached to the burst seals all the way to pipe ruptures. Many people arep p , p gpipeline may have been affected by the high transient pressures generated by water hammer in the pipeline on the day of
burst seals all the way to pipe ruptures. Many people are unknowingly acquainted with fluid hammer in their homes Forpipeline may have been affected by the high transient pressures generated by water hammer in the pipeline on the day of
the pressure test Figure 1 below demonstrates the type of pressure stagnation that was produced in the pipeline over timeunknowingly acquainted with fluid hammer in their homes. For
the pressure test. Figure 1 below demonstrates the type of pressure stagnation that was produced in the pipeline over time. h f h h l k f ll b l ll k ll
example, when a shower is shut off and a hammering or banging As the figure shows, there was a sudden, large spike in pressure followed by several smaller pressure spikes‐ generally
p , g g gnoise is heard from the piping in the wall the cause of the sound is
indicative of a water hammer event. The figure presented is for the 100 psig scenarios; however it is representative of thenoise is heard from the piping in the wall, the cause of the sound is
indicative of a water hammer event. The figure presented is for the 100 psig scenarios; however it is representative of the pressure vs time relationship throughout all of the cases tested waterhammer. This sound is also the source of the phenomenon’s pressure vs. time relationship throughout all of the cases tested. p
namename. Once this analysis was completed, the management at WRPS sought a second opinion in order to verify beyond doubt that y p , g g p y ythese results were accurate Dominion Engineering Inc a company with experience in modeling and analysis for waterthese results were accurate. Dominion Engineering, Inc, a company with experience in modeling and analysis for water hammer was contracted to perform their own analysis They were provided with the AFT Impulse™ model the calculationhammer, was contracted to perform their own analysis. They were provided with the AFT Impulse™ model, the calculation
Acknowledgementsdocument put together by the in‐house design team at WRPS as well as all of the inputs, pipe design, and readouts from the Acknowledgementspipeline instrumentation. Upon completion of their analysis, their findings concurred with those of the WRPS design team. Acknowledgementspipeline instrumentation. Upon completion of their analysis, their findings concurred with those of the WRPS design team.
I d t id f t t bl ith th i li it ill b t dif th fi ti i d t d thIn order to avoid future trouble with the pipeline, it will be necessary to modify the configuration in order to reduce the
E i N l PEpressures generated. One of the measures necessary to improve the pipeline is already underway. This is the replacement
Eric Nelson, PEp g y p p p y y pof the rupture disc with a pressure relief valve A pressure relief valve will allow for finer control of pressure spikes in the Eric Nelson, PEof the rupture disc with a pressure relief valve. A pressure relief valve will allow for finer control of pressure spikes in thepipeline This modification was planned before the pressure test which led to the rupture disc failure; however Michael Quintana MSMEpipeline. This modification was planned before the pressure test which led to the rupture disc failure; however, Michael Quintana,MSMEmodifications to pipelines take some time because several calculations must be performed and approved before it is safe to
Joshua Witherspoon BSMEinstall. Another measure to avoid this problem is to reduce the speed of the valves in the pipeline or to replace them Joshua Witherspoon,BSMEinstall. Another measure to avoid this problem is to reduce the speed of the valves in the pipeline or to replace them altogether with slower moving valves Reducing the flow velocity of the raw water may not be an option at the moment as p ,
L l L Ph D PMP®altogether with slower moving valves. Reducing the flow velocity of the raw water may not be an option at the moment as th i li i t i t f t . Leonel Lagos, Ph.D., PMP®the pipeline may require certain transfer rates. Leonel Lagos, Ph.D., PMP
