Anolis Cybotes Presentation
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Transcript of Anolis Cybotes Presentation
LAURA BRUCEHEDGES LAB MEETING
OCTOBER 4 , 2013
Phylogenetic Analysis of the Diversification in Hispaniolan Trunk-Ground Anoles:
Anolis cybotes species group
Anolis cybotes Greater Antilles region
Background: Anolis cybotes
Anolis genus SE North America, Central
South America, WestIndies + satellite islands
Small lizards Notable morphology: large
heads and dewlaps Green Anoles: first reptile to
have genome sequenced
Anolis cybotes Widespread “cybotoid” species group “trunk-ground” ecomorph class: low perches
A. doris
Background: Anolis cybotes
Anolis cybotes Evidence of evolutionary radiation of the cybotoid
ecomorph based on adaptation to geographically distinct macrohabitats (forests vs. outcrops, etc.) Macrohabitat refers to vegetation, climate, topography
Very closely related in ecology and morphology A. cybotes, A. armouri, A. whitemani, A. longitibialis, A.
haetianus, A. marcanoi, A. strahmi, A. shrevei
Extent of such species divergence largely undocumented New species? Taxonomical revisions necessary?
Previous Work (Glor et al.)
Glor et al. “Phylogenetic analysis of ecological and morphological diversification in Hispaniolan trunk-ground anoles (Anolis cybotes group)”. (2003)
112 samples from Hispaniola, across 68 localities A. cybotes A. whitemani A. armouri A. longitibialis A. marcanoi A. strahmi A. shrevei A. haetianus
Phylogenetic analysis (mtDNA for ND2, tRNAMet, tRNAIle, tRNATrp, tRNAAla, tRNAAsn, tRNACys, tRNATyr, ND1, COI)
Morphological analysis (leg length, toe pads, scales, etc.)
Previous Work
Previous Work (continued)
• Revealed that macrohabitat type and morphology are strongly related, independent of phylogenetic relatedness• Species-level
divergence evident• Macrohabitat elicits
adaptive responses via directional selection
My Project
Expands upon Glor et al. (2003)Introduces 62 new cybotoid specimens to the
data set Previously collected on lab excursions Across ~25 localities in Hispaniola and satellite
islands
A. cybotes A. cybotes
Methods
Total genomic DNA extraction from frozen tissues QIAGEN DNeasy kit
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of mitochondrial DNA ND2 gene: two parts (~1200 bp total)
L4437 + H4980 primers (~550 bp) 1
L4882a + H5617a primers (~650 bp) 1
Gel electrophoresisDNA purification
1 Macey et al., 1997, 1998
Methods (continued)
Sequence data analysis Aligned, evaluated, edited in MEGA V5.1
Phylogenetic tree Analyzed via
neighbor-joining and maximum compositelikelihood methods
Bootstrap values indicated (statisticalconfidence)
Results
Glor et al. (2003) sequence data imported from GenBank
Compiled with new specimen data
Large phylogeny constructed Several clades are notable
Results (continued)
A. Haetianusmay be synonym for the true A. cybotes
New species: A. notialis sp. nov. (indicating occurrence on southern side of peninsula)
Results (continued)
Likely to be full species A. doris
Results (continued)
Likely to be full species A. breslini
True A. whitemani
Results (continued)
Possible new species, identified as A. sp. nov. for now
Conclusions
Evidence of speciation based on phylogenetic data
Taxonomy revisions needed Important: Since A.
haetianus clade is likely the true A. cybotes, all other “A. cybotes” will need new name (A. riisei?)
Morphological analyses needed to evaluate further
A. cybotes
Hispaniola
Current/Future Endeavors
Conduct further phylogenetic analysis Rhodopsin nuclear gene for comparison and confirmation of suspected
results Primers
“ROD3FGlor” 2 and “ROD4R” (newly designed) Currently working towards successful amplification
Try another fast evolving nuclear gene
Morphological analysis Identify the visible differences between the specimens
Add more specimens to data set
2 Glor et al., 2003, 2004
Acknowledgements
S. Blair Hedges Provided samples, animal images, research guidance
ColleaguesNational Science Foundation (NSF)Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF)
Questions?
A. cybotes
References
Glor, R. E., Kolbe, J. K., Powell, R., Larson, A. & Losos, J. B. 2003 Phylogenetic analysis of ecological and morphological diversification in Hispaniolan trunk-ground anoles (Anolis cybotes group).Evolution 57, 2383–2397.
Glor, Richard E., et al. "Partial island submergence and speciation in an adaptive radiation: a multilocus analysis of the Cuban green anoles." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 271.1554 (2004): 2257-2265.
Glor, Richard E., Jonathan B. Losos, and Allan Larson. "Out of Cuba: overwater dispersal and speciation among lizards in the Anolis carolinensis subgroup." Molecular Ecology 14.8 (2005): 2419-2432. APA
Macey, J. R., A. Larson, N. B. Ananjeva, and T. J. Papenfuss. 1997. Evolutionary shifts in three major structural features of the mitochondrial genome among iguanian lizards. J. Mol. Evol. 44: 660–674.
Macey, J. R., J. A. Schulte, N. B. Ananjeva, A. Larson, N. RastegarPouyani, S. M. Shammakov, and T. J. Papenfuss. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships among agamid lizards of the Laudakia caucasia species group: testing hypotheses of biogeographic fragmentation and an area cladogram for the Iranian Plateau. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 10:118–131.
Muñoz, Martha M. and Hopwood, Juanita M., editors. ”Anolis cybotes." Encyclopedia of Life, available from http://eol.org/pages/795854/. Accessed 01 Oct 2013.
*URLs for images in slide comments, all animal images provided by S. Blair Hedges