Charla Diseño y Operacion de Una Planta de Biomasa
description
Transcript of Charla Diseño y Operacion de Una Planta de Biomasa
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Design & operation experience of
a biomass plant
C. Khne; Dr. F. Pfab; C. Vento
Jornada de Cogeneracion
Genera 2010. IFEMA
Madrid / Spain
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Group structure
An der alten B5
25813 Husum
Tel. ++49 4841 697-0
Fax ++49 4841 697-222
www.wulff-deutschland.de
Siemensstrae 10-12
25813 Husum
Tel. ++49 4841 9650-0
Fax ++49 4841 6950-60
www.umag.de
Gasstrae 18/Haus 5
22761 Hamburg
Tel. ++49 40 8517926-0
Fax ++49 40 8517926-29
www.wulff-deutschland.de
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Process & supply chain
Supply of customized plants for energy generation (steam, heat andelectricity) on the basis of most diverse primary energies (fossil fuels,
biomass and refuse-derived fuels).
Group competence covers the entire process chain: engineering, design, fabrication, assembly, commissioning and after-sales service.
Standard solutionsfrom the catalogue Ccustomized
for decentralized
ccombined heat & power plantsIndividual
largepower plants
Focus: Electricity
Focus: Thermal & electrical energy
Focus: Thermal energy
1 MW 10 MW 100 MW scale
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WULFF has its core competencies in the following technology areas:
Fuel technology (A) Engineering (G) Boiler technology (B) and Service (H) Exhaust gas technology (flue gas cleaning, C) Fabrication of
- Grate and furnace systems
- Boilers (Waste heat; HRSGs; fresh air fired)
- Drying systems (disc dryer, rendering equipment)
Core Technologies
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UMAG HRSG system behind 30 MW gas turbine
Customer: EUROPAC Site: Dueas / Spain
Steam capacity: 40 t/h at 63 bar, 432C HP steam
8,5 t/h 184C saturated LP steam
Gas turbine: Rolls Royce RB211
CHP & CCP applications
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UMAG waste heat boiler behind sewage sludge
combustion in a fluidized bed furnace
Customer: BAMAG
Site: Shell Green / UK
Steam capacity: 18 t/h, 42 bar/405C
Waste heat recovery boilers
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Wood and waste wood
A I Natural wood or only mechanically machined
wood, which is only unsubstantially polluted, as
well as fresh wood from forestry.
A II Waste wood being painted, coated, glued,
varnished or otherwise treated, free of
halogen-organic compounds or preservatives.
A III Waste wood being coated with halogen-organic
compounds, but free of preservatives.
A IV Waste wood being treated with preservatives,
such as wooden sleepers, telephone poles and
waste wood that can not be assigned to other
categories, except PCB-treated wood.
Biomass Fuels
Most marketable fuels for WULFF
Biomass Plants are:
Sustainable fuels such as natural wood,
foresting residues, greens
Rape and rapeseed residues from biodiesel
refineries
Natural wood, such as bark, sawdust, pellets
Biomass Plants
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Refuse-derived fuels (RDF)
for decentralized energy supply
Wulff development of waste-to-energy plants
As dumping or landfill of waste with significant organic content is prohibited by law, a high potential of
refuse derived fuel is available. RDF is made of commercial and industrial waste in mechanical and
biological waste treatment plants.
The energy recovery from RDF is clearly delimited from thermal waste treatment by law. Combustion
systems for highly contaminated waste wood have been the basis for the new developed RDF-to-
energy plants.
The combustion chamber has been extended for low flue gas velocities and the grate has been
modified for 6 air sections.
Partial cladding of membrane walls protects against chlorine corrosion.
Due to the higher calorific value of these fuels the application of the WULFF water-cooled grate is
usually favorable.
Biomass Plants
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Fuel Waste wood A1 A4 acc. German waste wood legislation AltholzVO
Heating value 12 18 MJ/kg, raw base
Water content max. 31 weight %, raw base
Ash content < 5 weight %, wf
Nitrogene content < 4,3 weight %, wf
Firing capacity 30,2 MW
Fuel flow 6200 kg/h, wf
Steam quantity 32,3 t/h
Steam parameters 46 bar a / 455 C superheated HP steam
Control range 80 100 %
Electric capacity 6,2 MW by 7 MW heat displacement, max. 7,5 MW
Technology Moving grate for coarse fuel / Single-drum water tube boiler
Flue gas scrubbing system Dry flue gas scrubbing according to 17. BImSchV and SNCR
Particularities Flue gas recirculation for combustion optimization and for grate cooling
Commissioning End of 2004
Biomass plant Flohr / Neuwied
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Economic / operational objectives
100 % reliability and guaranteed supply with process steam Power generation using contaminated wood A1-A3 and simultaneous
generation of process steam via a regulated turbine bleed opening
Coverage of the process steam supply using natural gas-fired auxiliary boilers
Environmental objectives
Improvement of the emission situation at site by lower emissions and shut-off of the outdated heavy-fuel fired boilers
Voluntary restriction of the operator only to generate 25% of the firing capacity by using highly contaminated waste wood (A3)
Compliance with 17. BImSchV
Objectives
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boilerflue gas
cleaningstack
electric
power
waste
wood
turbine
generator
combustion
(grate)
natural gasauxiliary
boiler
natural gasauxiliary
boiler
process
steam
Plant Concept
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Firing Capacity - Diagram
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Main Boiler G
auxiliary
boiler 2
auxiliary
boiler 1
MP-header
LP-header
exhaust steam
process steam steel works
internal consumption
7 20 t/h
t/h
t/h
32,3 t/h
heating0 - 3 t/h
Biomass Boiler Operation
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Main boiler G
auxiliary
boiler 2
auxiliary
boiler 1
MP-header
LP-header
20 28,5 t/h
t/h
up to 12 t/h
32,3 t/h
3 - 5 t/h
exhaust steam
process steam steel works
internal consumption
heating
Peak Load Operation
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Main boiler G
auxiliary
boiler 2
auxiliary
boiler 1
MP-header
LP-header
0 - 20 t/h
3 12 t/h
3 12 t/h
0 t/h
0 - 3 t/h
exhaust steam
process steam steel works
internal consumption
heating
Security Operation
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V 1
2
1
V 2
Eco 4
Eco 3
Eco 2
Eco 1
ash conveyor
1. pass 2. pass
Steam drum
Fuel
flue gas
to FCS
combustion
air
recirculated
flue gas
Eco 5
850 C
ca. 1050 C
ca. 700 C
< 650 C
ca. 300 C
ca. 150 C
Boiler Concept & Design Criteria
ca. 4 - 5 m/s
ca. 6,5 m/s
sootblowers
shot-ball system
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Flue Gas Cleaning
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April 1999 Basic Engineering for approval
June 2000 Approval received
April 2003 Start of main order
March 2004 Start erection
June 2004 Boiler pressure test
October 2004 Operational readiness of the auxiliary boilers
December 2004 Operational readiness of the main boiler
Jan./ Febr. 2005 Test-runs
11.02.2005 Plant take-over and start of commercial operation
Project Milestones
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200
50 50
10
150
182 1,7
0
100
200
300
Nox CO SO2 HCl
mg/m
Emission limit Full capacity reading
10
20
20,5
30 g/m
0,1 g/m
0
10
20
30
40
50
dust total C mercury
mg/
m -
g/
m
Emission limit Full capacity reading
Emission Data
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80078105
8254 8336
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
hr/y
r
Plant Availability
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Grate after 4.000 Operation Hours
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Superheater 2 after 4.000 operation hours
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Thank you for your attention