Claves de las política industrial española y del sistema de innovación(Es)/ Keys of Spanish...

8/2/2019 Claves de las poltica industrial espaola y del sistema de innovacin(Es)/ Keys of Spanish industrial policy and inno

1/12

iujyjy

>9< ! Md _jm`a \ava

M y|aay vnyn vau ga hnemujgmu| jla by mg

J+L.


2/12

Md _jm`a \ava ! >9=

iujyjy

>' Dn miagabn jgl}y|ujnd myvnadn

N vmynu lm dny |ungyoaubnijagmy vual}i|jny ai}uujlny mg dnlinlny lm day 86 z :6$ md vmya lm dny jgl}y|ujny |unljijagndmyyjc}m yjmgla jbvau|ng|m mg md iabjmgpa lmd yjcda XXJ'

En`a md mvcunom lm jgl}y|ujny |unljijagndmy ym mgcdaen0

ndjbmg|nijg$ emejlny z |nenia |mx|jd z iagomiijg i}mua z indpnla vnvmd z mljijg vual}i|ay bjgmundmy ga bm|djiay bm|nd}ucjn z vual}i|ay bm|djiay bnlmun z iauiha

My|m |jva lm bng}oni|}uny yag dny ~}m |jmgmg }gn bnzauvumymgijn mg dn jgl}y|ujn myvnadn cmgmungla md =:$=- lmd n"dau nnljla eu}|a (_NE* z mbvdmngla n lay |muijay lm dn bngalm aeun ai}vnln mg md na 566>'

My|ay ln|ay iag|uny|ng iag day lm dn ]' M}uavmn$ mg dn ~}mmg ljihn omihn md _NE bmlja lm ljiha ymi|au |unljijagnd y}va"

gn md 9- lm dn vual}iijg jg"l}y|ujnd ('3>


3/12

l}i|ay onubni}|jiay z vual}i|ay ~}bjiay yag day ~}m |jm"gmg bnzau vmya miagbjia'\nbejg ym v}mlm nojubnu ~}m md lmynuuadda lm day ymi|aumy

jg|mgyjay mg |migadacn my yjcgjojin|jnbmg|m jgomujau mg dnmiagabn myvnadn nd lm a|uay vnymy lm yjbjdnu gjmd lm lmy"nuuadda' Dn vumymgijn mg myay ymi|aumy lm mbvumyny b}d|jgnija"gndmy my b}z nd|n' Yadnbmg|m mg ndc}gay vaiay ymi|aumy my|nvumymgijn my| iabvmgynln vau a|un lm mbvumyny myvnadnylm yjbjdnu |nbna z invnijlnl lm ni|}nijg'

Dn vual}i|jjlnl ym hn my|nginla mg md vmuala umijmg|m' Mdiumijbjmg|a hn yjla by mx|mgyja (iumnijg lm mbvdmay o}g"lnbmg|ndbmg|m lm vain indjlnl* ~}m jg|mgyja'

Yj md iabmuija mx|mujau myvnad hn yjla z my lmojij|nuja l}"ung|m b}ihay nay$ da ~}m ym bngjojmy|n iag md cunla lm ia"emu|}un mg|um mxvau|nijagmy m jbvau|nijagmy ~}m vnyn lmd 89-(>::?* nd ?=- (566?*$ |nbejg dn |nyn lm iaemu|}un lmd iabmu"ija mx|mujau lm ejmgmy lm nd|n |migadacn hn mad}ijagnla lmd::?* n 95- (566?*'

Vau a|un vnu|m md vmya miagbjia lm day vual}i|ay mxvau|n"lay lm nd|n |migadacn$ mg md inya myvnad$ umvumymg|ng md =-lmd |a|nd lm dny mxvau|nijagmy (566?* eny|ng|m vau lm|uyumyvmi|a nd ndau bmlja (>93B ldnumy lm y}vmuj| lm Ndmbngjn' Nyjbjyba dniumnijg lm mbvumyny lm enym |migadcjin bng|jmgm }g myin"ya uj|ba mg md inya myvnad$ iaba jgljing day ln|ay lmd IL\J'

Md cny|a mg J+L mg md inya myvnad hn mad}ijagnla lm y}va"gmu md 6$8=- lmd VJE (>::$>9- (566?* i}ngla dn bmljn lmdn ]M">= my lm >$:- lmd VJE$ yjmgla iugjia md um|unya myvnadmg cny|a lm J+L umyvmi|a n dn bmljn m}uavmn' N ymndnu ~}mvnymy iaba Y}mijn z Ojgdngljn ndingpng ndaumy lmd cny|a lmJ+L lmd 9$8 z 9$=- lmd VJE$ z Ndmbngjn z Ljgnbnuin |jmgmg

ndaumy vuxjbay nd 5$=-' Nyjbjyba dn ojgngijnijg lm day cny|ay lm J+L$ mg md inyamyvnad$ vau vnu|m lm dny mbvumyny$ mg day d|jbay nay$ my lm


4/12

ym yj|n mg|um md >6 z md 56- (vual}i|ay ~}bjiay z bn~}jgn"ujn mdi|ujin mg|um a|uay*'Md ad}bmg lm mbvumyny jgganlauny myvnadny$ lm vuaimya

z lm vual}i|a$ o}m md 53- mg 566=$ my|ngla vau lm|uy lm vn"ymy iaba Ndmbngjn$ N}y|ujn$ Edcjin z Ljgnbnuin$ ~}m y}vm"ung md =6-' Nlmby dn jgganijg lm dny mbvumyny myvnadnymy| by aujmg|nln nd vuaimya ~}m nd vual}i|a' Ym v}mlm noju"bnu ~}m dn jgganijg lm vuaimya y}mdm ymu bmgay unljind zby lm ymc}jbjmg|a a jbvdng|nijg lm balay lm vual}iijg

zn mxvmujbmg|nlay vau a|uny mbvumyny'A|un inuni|muy|jin n ymndnu my ~}m dn bnzau vnu|m lm dny mb"

vumyny jgganlauny iauumyvaglm n n~}mddny ~}m |jmgmg bny lm

5=6 mbvdmnlay$ iaba ym jgljin mg Cbmp ]ungcn$ B' z a|uay(5668*$ da ~}m yjcgjojin ~}m dn vnu|jijvnijg lm dn jgganijgmg dny vm~}mny mbvumyny my b}z uml}ijln' Z mdda iag|uny|niag dn |mglmgijn jg|mugnijagnd$ lnla ~}m ym vual}im md n}"bmg|a lm g}bmuayny mbvumyny y|nu|"}v z ~}m ym mx|jmglmgyaeum |ala mg day ymi|aumy nngpnlay (iaba ejaid}y|mu*'

\nbejg hnz ~}m ymndnu ~}m mg dn iaavmunijg lm dnymbvumyny mg ni|jjlnlmy lm jgganijg$ }g jgljinlau ~}m }|j"djpn dn ]M$ vnun md na 566< md vauimg|n`m lm mbvumyny ni|jnymg my|m inbva mun lm 5=$=- vnun ]M"53 z vnun md inya myvnadndingpnen gjinbmg|m md ndau lm >8$5-'

A|ua jgljinlau umdmng|m my md gbmua lm vn|mg|my' Dny vn"

|mg|my iagyjlmunlny lm bnzau ndau iabmuijnd yag dny vn|mg|my|ujljiny$ my lmiju$ dny iagimljlny iag momi|ay iag`}g|ay mg dnyaojijgny lm vn|mg|my m}uavmny$ my|nla}gjlmgymy z `nvagmyny'Dn ]M"5= ni}b}dn md 58$>$:-$ Umjga ]gjla md 9- z$ mg inbeja$ mg md inyamyvnad yadnbmg|m ym ndingpn md ndau lm 6$$8 vn|mg"|my vnun 566


5/12

Yjy|mbn Myvnad lm Jgganijg (YMJ*'

5' Dn vad|jin jgl}y|ujnd myvnadn

Dn vad|jin jgl}y|ujnd mg day d|jbay nay ym jgy"iujem mg md bnuia lm dn vad|jin miagbjin cmgmund

z mg md iag|mx|a lmd Vdng Gnijagnd lm Umoaubny$nvuaenla mg 566=$ ~}m |jmgm iaba ae`m|jay img"|undmy ndingpnu mg 56>6 dn iagmucmgijn mg umg|n vmuinvj|n iag dn ]M z dacunu }gn |nyn lm mbvdma lmd??-$ z ~}m ym my|u}i|}un mg |auga n 3 m`my |mb|jiay0

>' My|nejdjlnl bniuamiagbjin z

vumy}v}my|nujn'5' Jgounmy|u}i|}uny'9' Invj|nd h}bnga'6 z md >$=- mg 5663; ddmcnu nd ==-lm dn iag|uje}ijg vujnln mg jgmuyjg mg J+L mg56>6; ndingpnu dn bmljn lm dn ]M mg md vauimg|n`m lmVJE lmy|jgnla n \JI$ vnyngla lmd 6' Vnun dacunuda ym nlav|nen md iabvua"bjya lm n}bmg|nu dny vnu|jlny vumy}v}my|nujny lmy|jgnlny nJ+L mg }g bgjba lmd 5=- ng}nd mg day vumy}v}my|ay lm 566=n 5668'

Md vuacunbn JGCMGJA 56>6 ym lmynuuaddn n |uny lm |umy jgy"|u}bmg|ay vujgijvndmy day vuacunbny IMGJ\$ IAGYADJLMU z

N_NGPF z }g vuacunbn iabvdmbmg|nuja$ M]UAJGCMGJA'Inln }ga lm my|ay vuacunbny |jmgm vuazmi|ay ~}m ym lmy|jgngn ncmg|my myvmiojiay'

IMGJ\ (Iagyauijay my|un|cjiay gnijagndmy lm jgmy|jcnijg|migadcjin*

IMGJ\ vum|mglm onaumimu dn umndjpnijg lm cunglmy vuazmi"|ay ~}m jgiumbmg|mg dn invnijlnl ijmg|ojia"|migadcjin lm dnymbvumyny z lm day cu}vay lm jgmy|jcnijg$ mx|mglmu dn i}d|}un

lm dn iaavmunijg mg dn jgmy|jcnijg z lmynuuadda |migadcjia$vumvnunu n day iagyauijay vnu|jijvng|my vnun }g niimya bymojijmg|m n day vuacunbny jg|mugnijagndmy z bajdjpnu dn vnu|j"

ijvnijg lm dny VZBMY mg day vuazmi|ay lm J+L'My|m vuacunbn iabvumglm |umy |jvay lm ni|}nijagmy0 day

vuazmi|ay IMGJ\ vuavjnbmg|m ljihay$ lmy|jgnlay n nvaznucunglmy vuazmi|ay lm J+L lm dny mbvumyny; md vuacunbn GMA"\MI"Invj|nd Ujmyca$ oagla lm oaglay lm Invj|nd Ujmyca$ ~}mnz}lm n iumnu z iagyadjlnu mbvumyny lm enym |migadcjin$ z mdvuacunbn \auumy ^}mmla$ ~}m |jmgm vau ae`m|a oabmg|nu dnjgymuijg lm lai|aumy z |migdacay mg md ymi|au vujnla'

Lmylm y} mg|unln mg jcau mg 566? md vuacunbn IMGJ\ ym hniagmu|jla mg md jbv}dyau lm day vuazmi|ay lm J+L mbvumynujndlm bnzau mgmucnl}un$ |ng|a vau y} i}ng|n$ iaba vau dn umdm"

iujyjy

>98 ! Md _jm`a \ava

Vau ~} | jmgm ~}m hnemu ymi|auvedjia1 Zn gay nuumcdnumbay iag dny

y}emgijagmy.


6/12

ngijn lm y} |mb|jin' Day emgmojijnujay lm my|m |jva lm nz}"lny$ mg dgmn iag y} ae`m|ja lm jgimg|jnu dn iadneaunijg my"|nedm lm cu}vay vedjia"vujnlay y}ojijmg|mbmg|m hm|muac"gmay$ yag iagyauijay oaubnlay vau nd bmgay < mbvumyny (5 lmmddny cunglmy a bmljngny z lay vzbmy* z lay aucngjybay lmjgmy|jcnijg'

N da dnuca lm dny |umy iagain|aujny imdmeunlny mg 566? z5663 ym hng nvuaenla }g |a|nd lm 89B m}uay

z mg md ~}m vnu|jijvng mg|jlnlmy myvnadny z m}uavmny'Dn l}unijg lmd vuacunbn my| vumjy|n vnun = nay (566?!56>6*

z i}mg|n iag dn vnu|jijvnijg lm cunglmy mbvumyny myvnadny(Jemuluadn$ Cny Gn|}und$ Umvyad$ \mdmogjin*'

Mg 5663 ym nvuaenuag vau md iabj| lm jgmuyjagmy < avmun"

ijagmy$ iag }g iabvuabjya nl~}jujla lm jgmuyjg |a|nd lm96B m}uay'

Vau a|un vnu|m day vuazmi|ay GMA\MI hng ndingpnla dn ijounlm =3 mg inbvay iaba |migadacny ncuandjbmg|nujny$ lm vua"l}iijg$ mg|um a|uny z iag }g vumy}v}my|a lm 93B m}uay'

Vuacunbn \auumy }mmlaHn vmubj|jla dn jgiauvaunijg lm 85< lai|aumy z |migdacay

mg 5663$ eyjinbmg|m mg vm~}mny z bmljngny mbvumyny'

IAGYADJLMUIAGYADJLMU my }gn dgmn my|un|cjin ~}m vmuyjc}m iagym"

c}ju dn mximdmgijn jgmy|jcnlaun n}bmg|ngla dn iaavmunijgmg|um jgmy|jcnlaumy z oaubngla cunglmy cu}va lm jgmy|jcn"ijg'

Md vuacunbn IAGYADJLMU my|n iabv}my|a vau day vua" zmi|ay IAGYADJLMU$ day vuazmi|ay IJEMU (Img|uay lm Jg"my|jcnijg Ejabljin mg Uml* z UM\JIY (Umlmy \mb|jinylm Jgmy|jcnijg Iaavmun|jn mg Ynd}l*$ md Vdng lm Jgimg|j"nijg Jgiauvaunijg m Jg|mgyjojinijg lm dn Ni|jjlnl Jgmy"|jcnlaun z md Oagla My|un|cjia lm Jgounmy|u}i|}uny Ijmg|oj"iny z \migadcjiny'

Day vuazmi|ay lm iagyauijay dlmumy z md Vdng lm jgy|ndnija"

gmy yjgc}dnumy bajdjpnung by lm 5'666B lm m}uay mg day


7/12

9' Md Vdng Gnijagnd lm J+L+j 5668"56>> (VG*Nvuaenla mg ymv|jmbeum lm 5663 my|m VG my md jgy|u}bmg|alm vuacunbnijg lm dn J+L+j lm dn Nlbjgjy|unijg Cmgmund lmdMy|nla (NCM*'

Lmylm }gn vmuyvmi|jn by cmgmund$ i}n|ua jlmny v}mlmgymuju vnun inuni|mujpnu md VG0 md iabvuabjya vad|jia$ md vnvmdlm dn jgganijg$ md vua|ncagjyba lm day jgy|u}bmg|ay lmni|}nijg z md gonyjy mg dn cmy|jg z mg dn mnd}nijg'

Md iabvuabjya vad|jia ym lmyvumglm lm dn iag|jg}jlnl ~}mmd VG bng|jmgm iag umyvmi|a$ vau }g dnla$ n dn jgjijn|jn JGCM"GJA 56>6$ jg|mcunln mg md VuacunbnGnijagnd lm Umoaubny vumymg|nla n dn

IM mg 566= z ~}m y}v}ya md ae`m|ja lmmdmnu day umi}uyay lmljinlay n dn J+Lnd 5- lm VJE mg 56>6$ z vau a|ua n dnMy|un|mcjn Gnijagnd lm Ijmgijn z\migadacn (MGIZ\*$ iabvuabjya lmiaauljgnijg z iaavmunijg lm dn NCMiag dny IINN z ~}m vuav}ya md hauj"pag|m lm 5$=- lmd cny|a mg J+L yaeum md VJE vnun md na 56>='

Yaeum dn jgganijg md VG mxvdjij|n ~}m y|n lmem iagy|j"|}juym iaba }g oni|au lm bmàun lm dn iabvm|j|jjlnl mbvum"ynujnd' My|a ym iagium|n mg dny Dgmny Jgy|u}bmg|ndmy lm

Ni|}nijg (DJN*' \ala mdda |uny umiagaimuym md vnvmd lm dny

mbvumyny mg md vuaimya lm jgganijg' My|n g}mn aujmg|nijg|jmgm y} iag|jg}jlnl mg dn iumnijg lmd Bjgjy|muja lm Ijmgijnm Jgganijg'

Dn jbvau|ngijn iagimljln n day jgy|u}bmg|ay lm v}my|n mgvui|jin lmd VG ym vuaidnbn iaba dn nv}my|n vnun vnynu n }gbalmda lm Vdng iagy|u}jla n vnu|ju lm dn lmojgjijg lm jgy|u}"bmg|ay$ laglm y|ay yag umyv}my|n lm dny NNVV n day ae`m|jaymy|un|cjiay z avmun|jay oj`nlay vau dn MGIZ\' Ny md VG lmy"ingyn mg dn lmojgjijg lm dgmny jgy|u}bmg|ndmy lm ni|}nijg zy} |ungyoaubnijg mg vuacunbny avmun|jay lmy|jgnlay nndingpnu n~}mdday ae`m|jay'

Jc}ndbmg|m md VG iagimlm cung jbvau|ngijn n dn bmàun lm

dn cmy|jg z lm dn mnd}nijg lm day vuacunbny' Dn nv}my|n oau"bnd vnumim ojubm nd vuabm|mu umoaubny iaba dn jgy|ndnijg lm}gn mg|ngjddn gjin n |uny lm }g yada vau|nd SME'

Md bnuia lm ni|}nijg lm VG my dn bmàun lmd Yjy|mbn My"vnad lm Ijmgijn z \migadacn (YMIJ\* mg i}n|ua umny idnm0Oaubnijg m Jgmy|jcnijg$ Jgmuyjg mg J+L+j$ md Vnvmd lm dnymbvumyny z dn Iaauljgnijg mg|um day ncmg|my' _mnbay n iag|j"g}nijg ndc}gay nyvmi|ay'

Umyvmi|a n dn Oaubnijg m Jgmy|jcnijg$ ym v}mlmg lmy|n"inu dn umomumgijn n dn }gjmuyjlnl iaba oaubnlaun lm umi}u"yay h}bngay z dn bmgijg lm dn iumnijg lm }gn inuumun lmdjgmy|jcnlau' Yaeum dn }gjmuyjlnl ym mihn mg ond|n }g vayj"

ijagnbjmg|a yaeum day g}may my|}ljay lm vay|cunla z dn jg"icgj|n lm day g}may vdngmy lm cunla i}zn jbvdng|nijg myjgbjgmg|m'

Hnz a|uay lay ny}g|ay lm jbvau|ngijn vnun }g bmàu o}g"ijagnbjmg|a lm dn umdnijg mg|um }gjmuyjlnlmy z img|uay lmjgmy|jcnijg iag dny mbvumyny ~}m nvmgny yag bmgijagnlay'Vau }gn vnu|m my| dn umdnijg lm vuaomyaumy m jgmy|jcnlaumy zy} umdnijg iag bnzau mojijmgijn mg dn jg|muniijg }gjmuyj"lnl"mbvumyn z vau a|un vnu|m$ day nyvmi|ay lm dn caemugngpnlm day img|uay$ vujgijvndbmg|m lm dny }gjmuyjlnlmy mg i}ng|a

n dn jgmuyjg mg J+L+j my laglm by ymmihn mg ond|n dn iagiumijg mg md VG' Ym

gmimyj|n by iagiumijg mg nyvmi|ayiaba dn vnu|jijvnijg lm dny mbvumynymg dn |abn lm lmijyjagmy a }gn umodm"xjg yaeum dn mojinijn lm dny bmljlnyvdng|mnlny vnun my|jb}dnu dn jgmuyjgmbvumynujnd vnu|ji}dnubmg|m mg }g mg"|auga lm iujyjy miagbjin lm aeya"

dmyimgijn lmd balmda vual}i|ja' My vumijynbmg|m mg my|miag|mx|a laglm lmemun hnimuym ndc}gn umodmxjg yaeum md vua"edmbn lm dn vayjedm y}y|j|}ijg lm oaglay mbvumynujndmy vauvedjiay z iaba |un|nu lm iauumcjudn'

Md vnvmd lm dny mbvumyny' Mg md VG ym bmgijagng dny vzbmy

z dny ljoji}d|nlmy ~}m |jmgmg vnun nlmg|unuym lm oaubn yay|mgj"ln mg dn jgmy|jcnijg' Yjb}d|gmnbmg|m ym hnedn lm inbejnumd balmda iabvm|j|ja lm dn miagabn myvnadn yaeum da ~}mga ym hnim gjgcg vdng|mnbjmg|a iagium|a'

\nbvaia ym ljyi}|mg dny bd|jvdmy ljbmgyjagmy lm dn jgga"nijg' Ny$ nlmby lm dn jgganijg vuavjn$ dn ni|jjlnl lm dnymbvumyny |jmgm onim|ny b}z jbvau|ng|my jgi}dnlny n dn ne"yauijg lmd iagaijbjmg|a iumnla vau a|uny mbvumyny m jgy|j|}"ijagmy$ vau da ~}m ym v}mlmg ljy|jgc}ju my|un|mcjny enynlny mgdn nl~}jyjijg lm |migadacny a mg dn iaavmunijg iag a|uayncmg|my$ ~}m yjc}mg vn|uagmy ljomumg|my z$ vau |ng|a$ vayjedm"bmg|m vumijyng lm ni|}nijagmy lm vad|jin ljy|jg|n'

9"> My|u}i|}unijg lmd VG

Md VG ym my|u}i|}un mg < umny ljumi|nbmg|m umdnijagnlnyiag day ae`m|jay cmgmundmy lmd vdng' My|ny umny yag0 Cmgm"unijg lm Iagaijbjmg|ay z Invnijlnlmy; oabmg|a lm dn iaa"vmunijg mg J+L; lmynuuadda m jgganijg |migadcjin ymi|aujnd

z niijagmy my|un|cjiny' Vnun md lmynuuadda lmd vdng ym vumg ?Dgmny Jgy|u}bmg|ndmy lm Ni|}nijg (DJN* ~}m ym lmynuuaddng n|uny lm >9 Vuacunbny Gnijagndmy'

Dny DJN yag dny yjc}jmg|my0

>' Umi}uyay H}bngay

iujyjy

>


8/12

5' Vuazmi|ay lm J+L+j9' Oau|ndmijbjmg|a jgy|j|}ijagnd6$ my|jbnlay mg }g iumijbjmg|a lmd vumy}"v}my|a lm dn NCM lm }g >?- ng}nd$ ny iaba mg md idi}da lm}gn |nyn lm iumijbjmg|a yjbjdnu vau vnu|m lm dny IINN' N mddaym nnlm md dacunu }g bnzau iabvuabjya lm dny mbvumynyhny|n ndingpnu md ==- lmd |a|nd lm dn ojgngijnijg z ym iagid}"

zm iag }gn av|jbjy|n vumljiijg lm ~}m mg md na 56>> md cny|amg J+L yaeum md VJE y}vaglu md 5$5-' Ga aey|ng|m$ dn vumymg"|nijg ~}m ym hnim lmd vumy}v}my|a mg md VG my b}z myinyn zyjg lm|nddm' Ga ym hnim umomumgijn n dny vumjyjagmy lm umvnu|avau DJN a Vuacunbny$ da ~}m jbvjlm iagaimu i}ndmy yag dnyvujaujlnlmy umndmy lmg|ua lm |ng iabvdm`n my|u}i|}un z |nbva"ia vmubj|m hnimu }g ymc}jbjmg|a mg mym ymg|jla$ lmejmgla dj"

bj|nuym dn ndaunijg lm y} i}bvdjbjmg|a n dny ijouny z |nyny lmiumijbjmg|a cmgmundmy'

A|uay nyvmi|ayMg md ljncgy|jia ~}m ym umndjpn lm dn yj|}nijg myvnadn ga

nvnumim idnunbmg|m dn jg|mugnijagndjpnijg lm dn jgganijg'N}g~}m ym hnedn lm dn vnu|jijvnijg mg md Vuacunbn Bnuia lmJ+L lm dn ] M}uavmn$ ga |un|n nimuin lm dn mxvda|nijg jg|mu"gnijagnd lm dny jgganijagmy gj yaeum dn iumnijg lm |migada"cny yaeum enymy b}d|jgnijagndmy$ iaba iagymi}mgijn lm dnlmyimg|undjpnijg jg|mugnijagnd$ lm }gn vnu|m iumijmg|m lm dnni|jjlnl jgganlaun lm b}ihny mbvumyny$ vnu|ji}dnubmg|m

lm dny b}d|jgnijagndmy' Vau mdda ym mihn mg ond|n ndcg ljncgy"|jia mg i}my|jagmy iaba dn iabvun z mg|n lm |migadacny ndmx|mujau i}ngla yjc}m yjmgla }gn ni|jjlnl lm vujbmun bncgj"|}l$ jgid}ya nimdmunln vau md iumijbjmg|a lm day bmuinlay lm|migadacn z mg day ~}m dn yj|}nijg myvnadn lmy|nin vau }glojij| my|u}i|}und lm cunglmy ljbmgyjagmy'

Yaeum day Img|uay \migadcjiayVau a|un vnu|m ym ymndn mg md ljncgay|jia ~}m day img|uay

|migadcjiay (I'\'* my|g lmbay|ungla }gn cung invnijlnl lmljgnbjpnijg lmd cny|a vujnla mg J+L+j0 umdmng|m invnijlnllmg|ua lmd bej|a lm dn jgmy|jcnijg nvdjinln$ jbvau|ng|m

iujyjy

Md _jm`a \ava ! >


9/12

vnvmd mg dn oaubnijg lm |migdacay z cung invnijlnl lm|ungyomumgijn lmd iagaijbjmg|a n mbvumyny mg oaubn lm vua"zmi|ay enà iag|un|a z ymujijay |migadcjiay'

Gay vnumim }g ljncgy|jia b}z av|jbjy|n$ lnla ~}m dn umn"djlnl ga umyvaglm$ mg cung bmljln$ n dny mxvmi|n|jny vdng|mn"lny' N}g~}m hnz ~}m ymndnu ~}m hnz ljmuyay |jvay lm I'\' nda dnuca lm dn cmacunon myvnadn z ~}m i}bvdmg ljmuyny o}g"ijagmy valmbay nojubnu ~}m yag dny IINN lm _ndmgijn z lmdVny _nyia laglm hnz bnzau ad}bmg lm I'\' (by lm >= mginln iab}gjlnl* yjc}jgladmy mg jb"vau|ngijn dn IINN lm Bnlujl z lm In|n"d}n' Mg|um dny o}gijagmy ~}m ym dmy

nyjcgng |unljijagndbmg|m$ nl~}jmumgjbvau|ngijn dny o}gijagmy lm n|mgijgn mbvumyny z lm oau|ndmpn |migadcjin'

Mxnbjgmbay md inya lm day I'\' lm dnIab}gjlnl N}|gabn lmd Vny _nyia' Nvmynu lm dn |unljijg z lm dn mxvmujmgijniag ~}m i}mg|ng$ ym v}mlm nojubnu ~}mmg iag`}g|a ga my|g umyvagljmgla n y} bjyjg o}glnbmg|nd$i}nd my md nvaza my|un|cjia z md nymyaunbjmg|a n dn cung bnza"un lm dny mbvumyny nyiny$ myvmijndbmg|m n dny Vzbmy' Ga myiagaijln }gn mnd}nijg lm my|ay I'\' lmylm y|n vmuyvmi|jn$da ~}m ga my aey|i}da vnun ~}m ymng umg|nedmy$ umndjimg ni|j"

jlnlmy vnun lm|mubjgnlny mbvumyny (myvmijndbmg|m bm"ljngny z cunglmy* a ejmg vnu|jijvmg mg vuacunbny djcnlay nvuazmi|ay m}uavmay' Vmua |ala da ng|mujau ga umen`n mg gnln dniu|jin gmimynujn lm ga i}bvdju ae`m|jay my|un|cjiay$ lm in"ui|mu yjy|bjia$ ~}m y}vmumg md l}ndjyba jgl}y|ujnd mxjy|mg|mmg|um mbvumyny jgganlauny z nngpnlny z mbvumyny |unljija"gndmy (md ?8- lm dny mbvumyny nyiny ym jgid}zmg mg day ymi|a"umy bmlja"enà z enà n gjmd |migadcjia*' Lnla ~}m inln mpmy|g by jg|muvmgm|unlny dn myomun ijmg|ojin z dn |migadcjin$my ney}uln dn ymvnunijg unljind mg|um dneaun|aujay }gjmuyj|n"ujay z I'\' Ym jbvagm }gn iaauljgnijg$ nlmg|uglaym day I'\'mg dn jgmy|jcnijg ijmg|ojin n}g~}m yjcng img|unlay mg dn

myomun |migadcjin' Vau mdda hnz ~}m umvayjijagnu n day I'\' vnun~}m vayjejdj|mg n dny mbvumyny }gn jyjg my|un|cjin lm dnjgganijg'

\ala mdda y}vagm ju lm`ngla mg ymc}gla vdnga dny dneaumy lmnyjy|mgijn |igjin$ lm iagy}d|aun |unljijagnd$ z lm iagy}d|aunbmljanbejmg|nd'

Vau |ala da ng|mujau ga my mx|una ~}m cung vnu|m lm dnyvzbmy nyiny (~}m yag lm bmlja z enà gjmd |migadcjia* ga|mgcng iaba umomumgijn n day I'\' vnun y} lmynuuadda my|un|"cjia'

My|m |jva lm umodmxjagmy$ iag bn|jimy z myvmijojijlnlmy$ ymv}mlmg |unydnlnu n a|uny mxvmujmgijny lm a|uny IINN z umodm"

xjagnu yaeum dn ljy|ngijn mxjy|mg|m mg|um dny vui|jiny lm dayI'\' z day ae`m|jay n iagymc}ju lmylm }g vdng|mnbjmg|a my|un"|cjia'

Yaeum dn myvmijndjpnijg vual}i|jnMg md ljncgy|jia ga ym vmuijem }g ngdjyjy lm vmuyvmi|jn

yaeum dn myvmijndjpnijg ymi|aujnd' Iaba my iagaijla$ dn myvm"ijndjpnijg myvnadn b}my|un yjcgay vumai}vng|my mg da ~}mym umojmum n dn myvmijndjpnijg mg ymi|aumy ljgbjiay' Z mym ln|a

lmemun jgod}ju mg vdng|mnu vuav}my|nylm jgganijg by n`}y|nlny n dn umndj"lnl miagbjin ni|}nd'

Ym umndjpng nojubnijagmy mg md VG lmdn gmimyjlnl lm inbejnu md balmdaiabvm|j|ja' Nhaun ejmg$ y}imlm ~}m mdbalmda iabvm|j|ja lmvmglm lm a|uayoni|aumy bjiua z bniuamiagbjiayi}za neauln`m y}vmun md VG vmua ~}mlmemun |mgmuym vumymg|m iaba umomumg"

ijn vnun dn iaauljgnijg iag a|uny vad|jiny' Ny$ vau m`mbvda$oni|aumy iaba md |nbna lm dny mbvumyny z y} my|u}i|}unojgngijmun yag b}z yjcgjojin|jay mg dn iagoaubnijg lm dnni|j|}l z my|un|mcjn jgganlaun lm dny mbvumyny$ vmua y}baljojinijg my| by vuxjbn nd |muumga lm dny vad|jiny

jgl}y|ujndmy z ojgngijmuny ~}m n dny vuavjnbmg|m ijmg|ojia"|migadcjiny'

Lmylm dn vmuyvmi|jn bniua md vuaedmbn iabvm|j|ja umbj|mn }gn my|u}i|}un jgl}y|ujnd inuni|mujpnln vau }g lmynuuadda lmday ymi|aumy |migadcjinbmg|m nngpnlay bmgau ~}m md ~}m|jmgmg mg day vnymy by lmynuuaddnlay z iag }gn vumymgijnby jbvau|ng|m lm dny unbny lm jg|mgyjlnl |migadcjin bm"ljn"en`n$ iaba zn ym hn ymndnla mg vcjgny ng|mujaumy' Yjgl}ln yag gmimynuja inbejay mg mym vn|ug my|u}i|}und vnun~}m dn jgganijg |mgcn }g bnzau umodmà mg dn vual}i|jjlnl

z iabvm|j|jjlnl cmgmundmy$ da ~}m ai}uum my ~}m md |mbn myiabvdmà$ mxjcm vdng|mnbjmg|ay lm dnuca vdnpa z$ lmylm d}mca$

}g ljyma nuujmycnla z ncumyja lm dn vad|jin jgl}y|ujnd z lmday ymujijay'


10/12

lm yj|}nu dn o}gijg lmd VG mg umdnijg iag a|uny vad|jiny mia"gbjiny m jgl}y|ujndmy'

My yjcgjojin|ja da ~}m ymndnbay mg md nvnu|nla lm miaga"bn jgl}y|ujnd myvnadn$ yj|}glaym ljihn miagabn myvnadn

mg md id}y|mu lm vnymy balmunlnbmg|m jgganlaumy z ~}mvnun ndingpnu nd cu}va lm vnymy ymc}jlaumy$ ymcg }gnjyjg djgmnd lm bm`aun$ hnung ond|n inyj > ym hnzngmdmcjla dny umny my|un|cjiny lm ynd}l$ eja|migadacny$ mgmucn

iujyjy

Md _jm`a \ava ! >


11/12

z inbeja idjb|jia$ |mdmiab}gjinijagmy$ gngaijmgijny$ g}m"ay bn|mujndmy z g}may vuaimyay jgl}y|ujndmy' My|ny umnyhng lm ymu ba|aumy lm inbeja mg dn ljgbjin vual}i|jn mgmd vuxjba o}|}ua' Vmua my y}ojijmg|m lmynuuaddnu vdngmy lmjgmy|jcnijg$ vn|mg|my$ m|i' vnun ~}m dny mbvumyny vujnlny(iag i}ng|jayny nz}lny* mg|umg mg myay gmcaijay g}may z ymnzng lmynuuaddngla ymi|aumy vual}i|jay g}may1 Vau ~}ga ym jbv}dyn }gn vad|jin jgl}y|ujnd |uni|aun mg myay inb"vay ~}m jgid}zn dn jgmuyjg lm invj|nd vedjia$ mg cunlanujnedm (96"=6-* `}g|a iag invj|nd vujnla vnun ljgnbjpnuljihay ymi|aumy1

Dn iujyjy miagbjin ni|}nd mbv}`n n vdng|mnu inbejay mg

dn myomun ojgngijmun lm bala ~}m ljmuyay jgmy|jcnlaumy zmxvmu|ay ymndng dn gmimyjlnl lm }gn engin hjva|minujnvedjin (vnun hnimu oumg|m n |alay day vuaedmbny vumymg|my zo}|}uay lm dny hjva|miny lm jjmglny*$ lm }g bnzau myvn"ija ojgngijmua vedjia (iaba umyv}my|n n dny gmimyjlnlmyyaijndmy lm iagy}ba$ lm dny vzbmy$ m|i'*

Vnumijla ngdjyjy ym lmem umndjpnu umyvmi|a n dn myomun

jgl}y|ujnd' My yjcgjojin|ja ~}m mg dn vain lmd caejmuga lmOmdjvm Cagpdmp$ mg day nay :6$ ym mglj }g vn~}m|m lmd 56-lm dny niijagmy lm UMVYAD$ ~}m my|neng mg bngay lmdYmi|au Vedjia z mg inbeja nhaun$ ng|m dn vayjejdjlnl lmiabvunu }g vn~}m|m lm niijagmy lm ljihn mbvumyn$ ym my|gmcaijngla iag }gn mbvumyn u}yn$ yjg umvdng|mnuym dn iag"mgjmgijn lm umyin|nu ljiha vn~}m|m lm niijagmy$ i}nglaym |un|n lm }gn mbvumyn my|un|cjin mg md inbva lm dn mgmu"cn' Da ~}m iag|uny|n o}mu|mbmg|m iag md vmya miagbjia lmdn mbvumyn oungimyn Mdmi|ujij| lm Oungim (MLO*$ i}za invj"|nd$ md 83- lm y}y niijagm$ my| mg bngay lmd ymi|au vedjiaoungiy'

Lmylm my|n vmuyvmi|jn iagjmgm hnimu }gn umodmxjg yaeummd y}eymi|au lm mgmucn yadnu z dn vad|jin ddmnln hny|n dnomihn$ nd oabmg|nu dn jgjijn|jn vujnln n }d|ungpn z bng|mgmu}gn vad|jin y}emgijagnlaun z lm ga jg|mumgijg vual}i|j"n ljumi|n'

Vau }gn vnu|m$ dn vual}iijg lm mgmucn mdjin hn mxvmuj"bmg|nla }g iumijbjmg|a myvmi|ni}dnu$ iag }gn va|mgijn jgy"

iujyjy

>


12/12

|ndnln lm >9'666 Bs z }gn vual}iijg lm 53'666 Csh mg mdvmujala 5663"5668$\nbejg md lmynuuadda lm dn mgmucn yadnu hn yjla b}z

jbvni|ng|m$ ndingpglaym dn ijoun lm 9=6Bs lm va|mgijn mg5668' Mg my|m inya dn my|un|mcjn vdng|mnln hn yjla y}emgija"gnu n dn jgjijn|jn vujnln n |uny lm ljmuyay bmingjybay$lm bala ~}m md My|nla lmemu lmymb"eadynu l}ung|m day vuxjbay 5= nay>8'=66 bjddagmy lm m}uay mg y}emg"ijagmy iabvuabm|jlny' Z md vuaimya hnyjla |ng juumc}dnu z lmyiag|uadnla ~}mnlmby lm onaumimu dn myvmi}dnijg

(iag umg|nejdjlnlmy lm dn jgmuyjg y}"vmujaumy nd >6- l}ung|m day vujbmuay5= nay* hn cmgmunla yayvmihny lm oun}lm (lnla ~}m lm|mu"bjgnlny jgy|ndnijagmy ~}m hng yjla y}emgijagnlny ga jmu"|mg mdmi|ujijlnl n dn uml*$ z lm |uojia lm jgod}mgijny mg dn ae"|mgijg lm vmubjyay'

My|m m`mbvda b}my|un md cunla lm y}eauljgnijg lm dayvalmumy vedjiay n dn ljgbjin lmd gmcaija vujnla' Vau ~}ga ym neauln dn iumnijg lm }gn mbvumyn vedjin lm mgmucnyumganedmy (yadnu$ mdjin'''* iag vnu|jijvnijg vujnln ~}m e}y"~}m dn vual}iijg umg|nedm lm ljihny mgmucny$ iag o}|}ua mj"lmg|m z iag ndau my|un|cjia$ z mj|m dn bndn cmy|jg z iauu}v"

ijg mxjy|mg|m1 Md ymi|au vedjia lmem jg|mumgju mg ymi|aumymbmucmg|my iag umg|nejdjlnl$ iag jbvni|a my|un|cjia$ iaba}g ni|au miagbjia jbvau|ng|m mg ljihay ymi|aumy my|un|cj"iay' Iaba yag day ymndnlay mg md Vdng lm J+L+j 5668"56>>$vmua ga gjinbmg|m vnun va|mgijnu dn jgmy|jcnijg$ dny nz}"lny z dny y}emgijagmy$ yjga iaba ncmg|m miagbjia ljumi|aiag dn vnu|jijvnijg lm dn jgjijn|jn vujnln ~}m nimv|m dnmy|un|mcjn vdng|mnln vau md Caejmuga iag jy|ny n bmàunu md|m`jla vual}i|ja myvnad z yj|}nuda mg md id}y|mu lm ymc}j"laumy ymcg dny idnyjojinijg lm dn Iabjyjg M}uavmn'

Vmua dn ni|j|}l lmd Caejmuga$ mg ljijmbeum lm 5668$ my nij"dng|m' Lnln dn iujyjy miagbjin$ dn bjgjy|un Iujy|jgn Cnu"

bmgljn hn y}yvmgljla dn iagain|aujn lm 566: lm IMGJ\ z lmIAGYADJLMU$ ymndngla iaba mxi}yn dn gmimyjlnl lm mn"d}nu day umy}d|nlay lm dny niijagmy ng|mujaumy$ n}g~}m dn in}yno}glnbmg|nd my dn umljy|uje}ijg vumy}v}my|nujn lmejln n dniujyjy miagbjin'

Iaba mbay$ yj ga nlav|ng }gn vay|}un ojubm mg bng|mgmuJGCMGJA 56>6$ b}iha bmgay ng n neaulnu dn jg|mumgijgvedjin vual}i|jn mg ymi|aumy |uni|aumy vnun bmàunu dn vua"l}i|jjlnl cdaend lm dn miagabn myvnadn z vuabamu }gnmyvmijndjpnijg vual}i|jn by m~}jdjeunln'

Ymi|aumy iaba md yadnu z inbeja idjb|jia$ zn ij|nla$ md lm

ynd}l$ iag dn va|mgijndjlnl lm jgmy|jcnijg lm b}ihay hayvj"|ndmy myvnadmy$ md ymi|au lm |mdmiab}gjinijagmy$ ymi|au my|un"|cjia z lm jgod}mgijn |ungymuynd mg md |m`jla vual}i|ja$ nd~}m ga dm nomi|n ljumi|nbmg|m dn iujyjy miagbjin' My|ay ymi|a"umy$ mg|um a|uay$ ~}m yag |uni|aumy vau~}m jgiauvaung bnzauiag|mgjla |migadcjia z lm iagaijbjmg|ay$ lmemg ymu jbv}d"

ynlay iag bnzau ad}bmg lm umi}uyayga yda mg md inbva lm dn jgmy|jcn"ijg$ yjga mg oaubn lm mbvumyny |uni"|auny iag vnu|jijvnijg vedjin$ z djlm"unlay vau md ymi|au vedjia' My|a y}va"gm }gn umaujmg|nijg vumy}v}my|nujn$

mg|um a|uay nyvmi|ay$ }g mglm}lnbjmg"|a vau vnu|m lm day valmumy vedjiay$vmua ~}m my vmuomi|nbmg|m ny}bjedm lmylm }gn vmuyvmi|jnmy|un|cjin iag momi|ay lm nuuny|um yaeum ljmuyay y}eymi|aumyvual}i|jay$ vayjejdj|ngla vayjijagnuym lmyv}y lm dn iujyjymg }g bmàu d}cnu mg md ungkjgc vual}i|ja m}uavma'

Md um|a z dny vayjejdjlnlmy lm xj|a yag ijmu|ay' Hnz ad}g|nlvad|jin$ ad}g|nl lm day ncmg|my miagbjiay z yaijndmy vnunneaulnu }gn nv}my|n my|un|cjin n bmlja vdnpa1Ijmu|nbmg|m md um|a my iabvdmà z y}vagm my|}ljnu lm|mgjln"bmg|m dn my|un|mcjn n lmynuuaddnu$ ngndjpnu day y}eymi|aumymbmucmg|my z umganlaumy n va|mgijnu$ iagyjlmunu day momi|ay

lm my|ny |migadacny (gnga|migadacny$ g}may bn|mujndmy$m|i'* yaeum ymi|aumy bnl}uay z ljymnu }g yjy|mbn vual}i|jaby iahmumg|m z iahmyjagnla

Ng|g Eau`njbvnu|m mgymngpn mg dn ]gjmuyjlnl lmd Vny _nyia'My n}|au lm Umdnijagmy mg|um oaubnijg z mbvdma (>::6*

Ejedjacunon

_mgim$ X (5663*0 Iumijbjmg|a z vad|jiny lm jgganijg'Ml' VjubjlmVdng Gnijagnd lm Jgmy|jcnijg Ijmg|ojin$ Lmynuuadda m Jgganijg'\migadcjin 5668"56>>' Iabjyjg Jg|mubjgjy|mujnd lm Ijmgijn z\migadacn' Bnlujl'Badmua$ @ (5663*0 Jgoaubm Iuj|jia yaeum dn Jgganijg \migadacjin mgdn Miagabjn Myvnadn0 neujmgla dn in`n gmcun' Mg umjy|n ljcj|ndBnluj+l$ Gbmua

Claves de las política industrial española y del sistema de innovación(Es)/ Keys of Spanish...

Documents

Transcript of Claves de las política industrial española y del sistema de innovación(Es)/ Keys of Spanish...