El gótico
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Transcript of El gótico
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El Gótico
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Contexto
• S. XIII-XV• Ciudad/Burguesía/Gremios: aumento de la ciudad.
Surge la burguesía (ya no sólo es la iglesia) adquiere poder económico y quiere expresarlo.
Los oficios se organizan en gremios: que estructuran el aprendizaje, y ejercen control y protección sobre el artesano. El artista se considera un artesano más.
• Estética de la luz: identificación entre dios y la luz .El templo como “espacio místico”.
• Estética de la naturaleza: la naturaleza como objeto de atención, algo bello, obra de dios.
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Arquitectura• Funcionalismo: no importa la decoración, más
importante lo constructivo.(sXX Le Corbusier)• Dinamismo: ruptura del estatismo del románico,
tendencia hacia la vertical.• Edificio por excelencia: catedral.• Bóvedas: crucería, sexpartita, tercelete, y
estrellada.• Arcos: apuntado,3 puntos, carpanel, conopial,
mixtilíneo…• Muro: Progresivamente menos macizo,
desarrollo de las vidrieras al exterior y galerías al interior.
• Monasterio
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Saint-Denis.Paris
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Notre-Dame, Paris
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Chartres Reims
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Amiens
Le Mans
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Colonia Estrasburgo
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Capilla Regia del King´s College de Cambridge
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Cuenca
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Burgos
Toledo
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León
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Sevilla
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Castro Urdiales
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Escultura• Naturalismo: recupera canon• Humanismo: la divinidad se humaniza.
Tiene sentimientos (dolor, malestar)
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Chartres
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Reims
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Amiens
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Púlpito Pisa
Púlpito Siena
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Retablo de Cartuja de Miraflores
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Sepulcro de Juan II e Isbel de Portugal
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Pintura
• Naturalismo.• Pintura mural, se reduce, surge pintura
sobre tabla.• Retablos
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Gótico lineal
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Duccio
Simone Martini
Italo-Gótico
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Giotto
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Gótico-Internacional. “Tríptico de la Anunciación”
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Virgen con Canciller Rolin.
Jan Van EyckMatrimonio Arnolfini
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El Bosco. “El Jardín de las Delicias”
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Joyería
Niclaus Manuel, San Eloy trabajando, 1515
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San Dunstán en su taller, casulla de Stonyhurst, 1470
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