Francisca Quilaqueo

download Francisca Quilaqueo

of 11

Transcript of Francisca Quilaqueo

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    1/11

     

    "#$%&' (#%)*+ , -#*.#&/ "/0#12%

    3&/41561/ 7#5*/8#%+ 9/05:/4

    (&%6%4./;+ %4 %*

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    2/11

      " 

    "#$%&' (#%)*+ , -#*.#&/ "/0#12%

    3&/41561/ 7#5*/8#%+ 9/05:/4

    !"#$%&'(()*"

    #$%&'( &)*&+,' -%.,/0( 1, &2*&'%&/-%, 0& $/, %/3&4.%5,0(',

    6,*$-7& -(/ 4$ -(1&5, 89,%/&),1 : ;%-7,'04< "==>?@ A/ $/,

    -(/B&'&/-%, &/ C$1%( "==D &/ E&)$-( 4(F'& G&'&-7(4 H/0I5&/,4<

    J$& -(%/-%0%K -(/ 1, 3%4%., 0&1 ;&1,.(' A4*&-%,1 4(F'& 1, 4%.$,-%K/

    0& 1(4 G&'&-7(4 L$),/(4 : 1,4 M%F&'.,0&4 N$/0,)&/.,1&4 0& 1(4

    G&'&-7(4 H/0I5&/,4 0& 1, OPQ< G(/ ;(0(1B( R.,3&/7,5&/< J$&

    3%4%.( S7%1& *,', %/3&4.%5,' 1(4 -'&-%&/.&4 -(/B1%-.(4 &/.'&

    6,*$-7&4 : &1 &4.,0( -7%1&/(@

    A/ $/ *,/&1 0& &4, -(/B&'&/-%,< .%.$1,0, TG%3&'4%0,0 H/0I5&/,U 1(4

    0&'&-7(4 0& 1, )$C&'&4 H/0I5&/,4V 1,4 *(/&/-%,4 .',.,F,/ 0&

    ),/&', 5&/&',1 &1 5W/&'( : 1(4 0&'&-7(4 7$),/(4@ G&4*$W4 0&

    .&')%/,' -(/ 1,4 *'&4&/.,-%(/&4< $/ C(3&/ 6,*$-7& %/.&'3%/( :

    *'&5$/.K , 1(4 *&/,1%4.,4 4% &4.,F,/ 7,F1,/0( 0& 1, -$1.$',

    6,*$-7& T'&,1V ( 0& 1, T,-.$,1V@

    A1 0%C( J$& 4%&)*'& 4& 7,/ 7(/',0( , 1,4 )$C&'&4< -()( 4&

    &3%0&/-%, &/ 1, '&3&'&/-%, *(' 1,4 ),-7%4 : &1 7&-7( J$& 0&/.'( 0&

    1, -(4)(3%4%K/ 6,*$-7&< &1 7()F'& : 1, )$C&' 3,/ C$/.(4 &/

    &J$%1%F'%(< &/ -()*1&)&/.,'%&0,0@

    A/ 4$ (*%/%K/ &', 1, -(''$*-%K/ 0& 1, S$1.$', 6,*$-7& *(' *,'.&

    0& 1(4 &4*,X(1&4 : -7%1&/(4 1( J$& 7,FI, *'(3(-,0( *'(F1&),4

    &/.'& 7()F'&4 : )$C&'&4@ A', 0&4,-&'.,0( : &J$%3(-,0( 7,F1,' 0&

    5W/&'( *('J$& &1 5W/&'( /( .%&/& /,0, J$& 3&' -(/ 1, S$1.$',

    6,*$-7&@ A1 0%C( J$& &1 5W/&'( &', /&5,.%3(@ Y0&)Z4 7,FI,

    &4-$-7,0( &1 '$)(' 0& J$& 4& &4.,F, 5&4.,/0( $/ )(3%)%&/.(

    B&)%/%4., 6,*$-7& : 4&/.I, J$& %F, &/ -(/.', 0& 1( J$& 4%5/%B%-,F,

    1, S$1.$', 6,*$-7&@ M, ('5,/%+,-%K/ 0& 1,4 )$C&'&4 : 7,F1,' 0&

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    3/11

      D 

    5W/&'(< 4(1( 4&'3%'I,/ *,', 0%3%0%' , 1, 5&/.&@ S,$4K %/J$%&.$0 &/

    &1 *[F1%-(@

    Y$/J$& &/ &1 *[F1%-( 7,FI,/ )%&)F'(4 0& 1,4 O'5,/%+,-%(/&4 0&

    6$C&'&4< /%/5$/, 4& *,'( *,', '&B$.,' 1,4 0&-1,',-%(/&4@ S$,/0(

    ,15$%&/ '&4*(/0I, &', *,', ,*(:,' 4$4 (*%/%(/&4@ Q/, *'(B&4(',

    6,*$-7& 0& $/, Q/%3&'4%0,0 0&-1,'K J$&U 1(4 ,-,0W)%-(4 J$&

    &4.$0%,/ , 1(4 6,*$-7&4 $.%1%+,/ -(/-&*.(4 (--%0&/.,1&4 \ .,1&4

    -()( 5W/&'( \ J$& /( &/-,C,/ &/ 1, '&,1%0,0 6,*$-7&U TA1 5W/&'(

    /( &2%4.& *,', 1(4 6,*$-7&4V< 0%C( &11,@

    A)*&-W -(/ &4.& &C&)*1( *,', %/.'(0$-%'/(4 &/ &1 .&),< /$&4.',

    5&/.&< 1, R(-%&0,0 6,*$-7&< 4$ 7%4.('%,< 4$ .',/4B('),-%K/ :

    *&'.%/&/-%,@ 9&'( ,J$I< :( .',.,'W &1 ,4*&-.( 5W/&'(< F,4,0( &/ 1,

    -()*1&)&/.,'%&0,0< &/ &1 '(1 .,/.( 0&1 7()F'& -()( 0& 1, )$C&'

    &/ 1, 4(-%&0,0 : /( .,/.( B%CZ/0()& &/ &1 ,4*&-.( F%(1K5%-( -()(

    4&' 7$),/(@

    M, %5$,10,0 0& (*('.$/%0,0&4 J$& 0&F& &2%4.%' .,/.( *,',

    7()F'&4 -()( *,', 1,4 )$C&'&4 -()( 1, B('), 0& .&/&' ,--&4( :-(/.'(1 4(-%,1 0& 1(4 3,1('&4 : '&-$'4(4 0&1 -,*%.,1 7$),/( &/ 1,4

    '&1,-%(/&4 4(-%,1&4< -()( '&-$'4( *'(0$-.%3( *,', 11&5,' , (F.&/&'

    1,4 (*('.$/%0,0&4< 0&'&-7(4 : '&4*(/4,F%1%0,0&4 .,/.( *,',

    CK3&/&4 : ,0$1.(4 84%/ 0%B&'&/-%, 0& 4&2(? *,', )&C(',' 1(4 /%3&1&4

    0& 3%0, 89PQG "==D] ^,'5,4_M$/0%$4< "==`?@

    ,%()-&.& /.0'(1-2 3%4#$% 5 678. &- /'9-$

    ^(: , *'&4&/.,' ,J$I 1, -,', B&)&/%/, 0& 1, &2%4.&/-%, 0& 1,

    4(-%&0,0 6,*$-7&< .&/%&/0( &/ -$&/., J$&< ,-.$,1)&/.& /( &2%4.&

    T1, 6$C&' 6,*$-7& [/%-,V J$%+Z4 $/, 5',/ ),:('I, 3%3& &/ +(/,4

    $'F,/,4 %/.&',-.$,/0( &/ 0%B&'&/.&4 &4.',.(4 0& 1, 4(-%&0,0

    -7%1&/,@ R%/ &)F,'5(< &/ &4., *'&4&/.,-%K/ )& -&/.','& ),4 ,1

    ('%5&/ 0& 1, R(-%&0,0 6,*$-7&< : .',.,'& 0& )(4.',' J$& .%&/&

    '(4.'( : ,1), 0& )$C&'@

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    4/11

      a 

    G%-7( .(0( &4.(< J$%&'( -(/.%/$,' ,J$I '&B%'%W/0()& ,1 '(1 0& 1,

    B,)%1%, 6,*$-7& -()( &1 /[-1&( ( %/4.%.$-%K/ B$/0,)&/.,1 0& 1,

    4(-%&0,0 6,*$-7&@ M,4 -()$/%0,0&4 87%: 8.0'? &4.Z/ B('),0,4

    *(' &1 -(/C$/.( 0& 1,4 B,)%1%,4 &/ $/ 0&.&')%/,0( 1$5,' ( &4*,-%(

    5&(5'ZB%-( : , 4$ 3&+ &1 -(/C$/.( 0& 1,4 S()$/%0,0&4 B('),/ 1,

    4(-%&0,0 : *$&F1( 6,*$-7&@

    M, )$C&' 0&/.'( 0& 1, 4(-%&0,0 6,*$-7&< , .',3W4 0&1 ),.'%)(/%(

    4& .',41,0, , 3%3%' , 1, S()$/%0,0 0&1 &4*(4(b  8."-"(1- c J$&

    3%&/& 0& ,B$&',? : ,4I *,4, , 4&' &1 B,-.(' *'%/-%*,1 0& $/%K/ &/.'&

    1(4 0%B&'&/.&4 1%/,C&4@ A11, ,4$)& &1 '(1 8/,.$',1 /(_B('+,0(? 0&

    .',4)%.%' &1 %0%(),< 1,4 -(4.$)F'&4 : 3,1('&4 -$1.$',1&4 , 1(4 /%X(4

    -(/ 1, ,:$0, 0&1 *,0'& & %/0%'&-.,)&/.& 0& 1, S()$/%0,0@ G%-&/

    1(4 '&1,.(4 J$& ,/.&4 &', 0%B&'&/.&< J$& 1(4 7()F'&4 4&

    .',41,0,F,/ , 1, S()$/%0,0 0& 1, )$C&'< *&'( :( /( 7& 7&-7(

    &4.$0%(4 4(F'& &4(< *(' 1( .,/.( /( *$&0( 0&-%' /,0, ,1 '&4*&-.(@

    M, 6$C&' 0&40& /%X, '&-%F& 0& 4$4 ,F$&1,4 : *&'4(/,4 )Z4

    ,/-%,/,4 1,4 &/4&X,/+,4 J$& 1& *&')%.&/ -()*'&/0&' 1,

    B('),-%K/ 0& 1,4 *&'4(/,4 0&40& 1(4 3,1('&4 &0$-,.%3(4 &/ &1

    ),'-( 0& 1, )&)('%, 4(-%,1 6,*$-7&@ Y .',3W4 0& 1, (F4&'3,-%K/&11, ,*'&/0& , &/4&X,' 1(4 3,1('&4 *,', 1, B('),-%K/ 0& 1, *&'4(/,

    &/ &1 ),'-( 0& 4$ B,)%1%, : 4$ -()$/%0,0@"  M, -()$/%0,0 4&

    ('5,/%+, , .',3W4 0& 1, 4,F%0$'I, ,/-&4.',1 .',4)%.%0, *(' 1,4

    0%B&'&/.&4 5&/&',-%(/&4 8";#$.8 c -(/3&'4,-%K/\'&1,.(4? : &4 *('

    &4( J$& 1,4 *&'4(/,4 )Z4 3%&C,4 -$)*1&/ $/ '(1 B$/0,)&/.,1 &/ 1,

    .',4)%4%K/ 0&1 4,F&' 6,*$-7&@

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    5/11

      d 

    M, *(F1,-%K/ -(/ )Z4 0&43&/.,C,4 &/ 1, /$&3, 4(-%&0,0 -7%1&/,

    0&40& 4$ -'&,-%K/ 8beb=? 8: *,'.%-$1,')&/.& 0&40& 1, 11,),0,

    T9,-%B%-,-%K/ 0& 1, Y',$-,/I,V? 7, 4%0( 4%&)*'& 1, )$C&' %/0I5&/,

    : ,J$I )& '&B%&'( , 1, )$C&' 6,*$-7&@ R%/ &)F,'5(< , *&4,' 0&

    .(0(4 1(4 4$B'%)%&/.(4 1, )$C&' 6,*$-7& /$/-, 4& 7, 4&*,',0( 0&

    4$ '(1 : 7, &/.&/0%0( J$& 7,FI, J$& *&1&,' C$/.( , 1(4 7()F'&4

    *,', C$/.,' B$&'+,4< *(' 1, 0&B&/4, 0& 4$4 3,1('&4 : 4$ B,)%1%,@

    M(4 -(1(/%+,0('&4 &4*,X(1&4 .',C&'(/ -(/4%5( ,0&)Z4 1, '&1%5%K/

    S,.K1%-,< J$& '&*'&4&/.K .,)F%W/ $/ ('0&/ *,.'%,'-,1 J$&

    *'(F,F1&)&/.& 11&5K , 4&' )Z4 B$&'.& &/ T4$4 -(1(/%,4V J$& &/

    A4*,X,@ R%)*1&)&/.& -'&,'(/ $/, 4(-%&0,0 -(/ B$/0,)&/.(

    ),4-$1%/(_)%1%.,'< &4 0&-%'< 0%'%5%0( *(' 7()F'&4 )%1%.,'&4 J$&

    %/B1$&/-%,'(/ B$&'.&)&/.& , 1(4 )%5',/.&4 & %/0%'&-.,)&/.& , 4$4

    B,)%1%,4@ ;&-('0&)(4 ,J$I 8*,', 1(4 J$& 7,/ &4.$0%,0( &/ S7%1&?

    J$& 1, 7%4.('%, J$& 4& ,*'&/0& &/ &1 S(1&5%( 0%-& J$&U H/W4 0&

    R$Z'&+ B$& 1, [/%-, )$C&' J$& 11&5( , S7%1& -(/ 1(4 &4*,X(1&4@

    M,4 )$C&'&4 %/0I5&/,4 4$B'%&'(/ 3%(1,-%(/&4< &4-1,3%.$0 : 1,

    *W'0%0, 0& 4$ .&''%.('%( J$& ,B&-.K 0& ),/&', (F1%5,0, , -,)F%,'4$ B('), 0& 3%0,@ G&/.'( 0& 1,4 B,)%1%,4 6,*$-7&4 4& B$&'(/

    .',/4B('),/0( 5',0$,1)&/.& 1,4 '&1,-%(/&4 0& 5W/&'(<

    ,C$4.Z/0(4& ( T%)%.,/0(V 0& ,15$/, ),/&', &1 4%4.&), : *(0&' 0&1

    ,03&'4,'%( )%1%.,' &4*,X(1@

    A4*&-%,1)&/.& 1(4 7()F'&4 J$& &',/ 1(4 J$& )Z4 -(/.,-.(4 .&/I,/

    -(/ 1(4 '&-%W/ 11&5,0(4< -(/.,5%Z/0(4& -(/ 1(4 &1&)&/.(4 0& 1,4

    -(4.$)F'&4 &4&/-%,1)&/.& 0& 0()%/,-%K/ ),4-$1%/(_)%1%.,',*(:,0(4 *(' 1, H51&4%,< 1,4 %/4.%.$-%(/&4 &4.,.,1&4 0& 1, -(1(/%,< 1,4

    &4-$&1,4 : &1 -()&'-%(@

    S(/ .(0( &4.& *'(-&4( 7%4.K'%-( 0& 0()%/,-%K/ ),4-$1%/(_)%1%.,'

    : *(' 1, 3%(1&/-%, &C&'-%0, &/ -(/.', 0& 1,4 )$C&'&4 0&40& ,J$&11,

    W*(-,< 1(4 '(1&4 0& 5W/&'( 0&/.'( 0& 1,4 B,)%1%,4 4& &)*&+,'(/ ,

    .',/4B('),'< -(/ 1, '&*'&4%K/_3%(1&/., 7,-%, 1,4 )$C&'&4<

    %/-1$:&/0( &/ 4$4 0&'&-7(4 )Z4 I/.%)(4@

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    6/11

      > 

    A11,4 &4.,F,/ (F1%5,0,4 )$-7,4 3&-&4 , *&'),/&-&' &/ 1,4

    -()$/%0,0&4 *'(.&5%0,4 *(' 1, /,.$',1&+, : *(' 1(4 7()F'&4< &/

    1$5,' 0& *(0&' %' , *&1&,' -(/ &11(4 -()( 1( 7,FI,/ 7&-7( 0&40&

    4%&)*'&< -,)F%,/0( ,4I 1, 3,1(',-%K/ 0& 1(4 '(1&4 7()F'&_)$C&'@

    M, 3%(1&/-%, &C&'-%0, 4(F'& 1, *(F1,-%K/ 6,*$-7&< -(/ 1, 3%(1,-%K/

    4&2$,1 -()( 4$ *'%/-%*,1 )&-,/%4)( &C&'-%0, 4(F'& 1,4 )$C&'&4<

    B('+,'(/ 1, 4$F('0%/,-%K/ 0& &11,4 J$& 4& .',0$-& &/ $/, -$&4.%K/

    0& *(0&' : 0& ('0&/,)%&/.( 4(-%,1 0& (*'&4%K/ B&)&/%/,< -(/ &1

    /()F'& 0& *,.'%,'-,0( : 1, 4$*$&4., 4$*&'%('%0,0 ),4-$1%/,@ 

    /%=)8)-"#%4 ,%().7-4 5 /'9-$-4 /.0'(1-4 

    9,'.%)(4 0%-%&/0( J$& &4 $/, 3&'0,0 %//&5,F1& J$& 1,4 )$C&'&4

    6,*$-7&4< ,$/J$& 4& 1&4 J$%&', %/3%4%F%1%+,'< 4%&)*'& : 7,4., &1

    0I, 0& 7(: &4.Z/ *'&4&/.& *,'.%-%*,/0( ,-.%3,)&/.& &/ 1, 0&B&/4,

    0& 4$4 0&'&-7(4< 4%/ J$& /,0%& 0&/.'( 0&1 *$&F1( 6,*$-7& 1( 3&,

    -()( ,15( &2.',X(< &),/-%*,0( ( /(3&0(4(@

    M, )$C&' 6,*$-7& 7, *&1&,0( 0&40& 4%&)*'& *(' 4$4 0&'&-7(4 :

    0%5/%0,0 C$/.( , 1(4 7()F'&4 &/ .(0,4 1,4 5$&'',4@ 9,', &1 *&'I(0(0& 1, -(1(/%, )& '&B%&'( , 1( J$& &/ ,J$W11, W*(-, &1 *(&., :

    4(10,0( &4*,X(1 Y1(/4( 0& A'-%11, : f[X%5,< J$& %/)('.,1%+( &/ 4$

    -,/.( W*%-( TM, Y',$-,/,V 1, 1$-7, &/ -(/.', 0& 1, -(/J$%4.,< W1

    4$*( &/ *,'.%-$1,' 0&4.,-,' : ,0)%',' , 1,4 )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4 0&

    ,J$&11, W*(-,@ A4.& *(&., &4-'%F%K 4(F'& )$C&'&4 -()( g$,-(10,<

    E&5$,10, ( N'&4%,@

    A4.,4 )$C&'&4 /( .&/I,/ )%&0( 0& *&1&,' C$/.( , 4$4 &4*(4(4 *,',0&B&/0&' 4$ 0%5/%0,0 : /$/-, 4& 0%&'(/ *(' 3&/-%0,@ YJ$I

    -(/4.,.,)(4 J$& &/ &1 .%&)*( 0& 1(4 -(/J$%4.,0('&4 1,4 )$C&'&4

    6,*$-7&4 1(5','(/ 4&' 3%4%F1&< ,0)%',0,4 : 3,1(',0,4@ 6$-7(4

    4(/ 1(4 &C&)*1(4 0& )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4< &/ .(0,4 1,4 W*(-,4< J$&

    7,/ 4%0( : 4(/ %/J$&F',/.,F1& &/ 4$ 1$-7,@

    A/ &1 .',F,C( 0& %/3&4.%5,-%K/ J$& '&,1%+,)(4 $/, &/.'&3%4.,0,

    &2*'&4(U T1(4 0%'%5&/.&4 )Z4 B%')&4 &/ 4$4 *(4%-%(/&4 &/ .('/( :

    &/ 1, '&1,-%K/ 6,*$-7&_A4.,0(< 4(/ 1,4 )$C&'&4h 1(4 ,5&/.&4 0&1

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    7/11

      ` 

    &4.,0( *'&B%&'&/ 7,F1,' -(/ $/ 7()F'&hV> 9(' /()F',' 4(1( 0(4

    &C&)*1(4U

    6%'&:, N%5$&'(, 8J$& :, /( 3%3&?< : 1,4 7&'),/,4 i&'., : P%-(1,4,

    #$%/.'&),/< 0%5/,4 )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4< J$& 0&40& &1 Y1.( i%(_i%(&/ .&''%.('%( 9&7$&/-7&< 0%&'(/ 4$ &/(')& 1$-7, *(' 1, 0&B&/4,

    0&1 .&''%.('%(< 0(/0& 4& %/$/0,'(/ .%&'',4 4,5',0,4 *,', 1,

    -(/4.'$--%K/ 0& $/, '&*'&4,@

    N$&'(/ &11, 1,4 J$& 1& 7,/ 0,0( .,)F%W/< $/ .'&)&/0( %)*$14( , 1,

    -(/-%&/.%+,-%K/ )&0%(,)F%&/.,1 &/ S7%1&< &/ '&,1%0,0 &1 *,I4

    &/.&'( .%&/& $/, 0&$0, -(/ &11,4 : 1,4 (.',4 .,/.,4 )$C&'&4

    6,*$-7&4< -()( 1,4 6,-7%4 J$& 0&B%&/0&/ 1, 0&4.'$--%K/)&0%(,)F%&/.,1 0& 4$ .&''%.('%(@

    9,.'%-%, E'(/-(4(D< ,-$4,0, *(' 1, 1&: ,/.%.&''('%4.,a 4(4.$3( $/,

    7&'(%-, 7$&15, 0& 7,)F'& 0& bbb 0I,4< &4 $/ &C&)*1( 0&

    4(1%0,'%0,0 -()*'&/4%K/ 0& T1, *'(F1&)Z.%-, H/0I5&/,V *(' *,'.&

    0& -7%1&/(4 /(_),*$-7&4 J$& ,*(:,/ 0&-%0%0,)&/.& 1, 1$-7, *('

    1, 0%5/%0,0 %/0I5&/, &/ S7%1&@ A/.(/-&4< /( &4.,)(4 4(1(4@

    R%/ &)F,'5(< 1, )$C&' 6,*$-7& 7, .&/%0( J$& ,0,*.,'4& , 1(4

    .%&)*(4< 7, *(0%0( -()*,'.%' : C$/.,' B$&'+, -(/ 1(4 7()F'&4< 4%/

    (13%0,'/(4 0& ,J$&11(4 *,0'&4 J$& , .',3W4 0& 1, 7%4.('%, 7,/

    -()*'&/0%0( 1, %)*('.,/-%, 0& ,*(:,' 8%/-&/.%3,'? , 4$4 7%C,4

    *,', J$& &11,4 ,0J$%&',/ -(/(-%)%&/.(4< -()( 7&'',)%&/.,4 8$/

    -,'.K/_$/ 0%*1(),? J$& 1&4 *&')%.,/ 0&B&/0&'4& )&C(' &/ 1, 3%0,@d 

    Y-.$,1)&/.& 4(/ &4,4 )$C&'&4 J$& :, /( .%&/&/ .&)(' 0& 7,F1,'

    0& 5W/&'( &/ 1, R(-%&0,0 6,*$-7&@

    M,4 )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4 J$& .',F,C,/ ,-.$,1)&/.& &/ S7%1&

    &2*'&4,'(/ J$&U TP( 7, 4%0( BZ-%1 *,', 1,4 )$C&'&4< 4(F'& .(0(

    3 Más información sobre Patricia Troncoso se pueden encontrar en la web por ejemplo:

    http://lonkochepaviva.blogspot.nl/2008/01/chile-clama-por-la-vida-de-patricia.html 

    http://buscador.emol.com/noticias/Patricia+Troncoso+Robles  (consultado 4-8-2011). Ella es una mujer no-

    Mapuche que comparte las luchas de las mujeres indígenas.4  Esta ley fue creada durante la dictadura Militar de Augusto Pinochet, y comenzo aplicase a los Mapuches

    durante el gobierno socialista de Ricardo Lagos en adelante.5

     Además, la historia (relatos orales) que hemos escuchado dicen que “antes” los padres ayudaban a sus hijas para criar sus animales y cuando se casaban tenían un capital para empezar su familia, de esa manera cuando se

    trasladaban a la comunidad del esposo eran más respetadas.

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    8/11

      e 

    *,', 1,4 J$& )&0%,/,)&/.& 7&)(4 1%0&',0( &/ ,15[/ )()&/.(h

    /( &4 $/ .&), 4(1,)&/.& 0& /$&4.'( *$&F1( 86,*$-7&?V@>  O.',

    )$C&' 1$-7,0(', 0%C(U T*,4& *(' .(0(4 1(4 -(/0$-.(4 *(1I.%-(4<

    &4.(: 7,F1,/0( 0& 1(4 ,X(4 e=j4hV

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    9/11

      l 

    L,/ F$4-,0( ,1%,0(4 -(/ 1(4 J$& 7,/ -'&I0( &/-(/.',' *$/.(4

    -()$/&4< -(/ 1(4 J$& *$&0&/ %' C$/.(4@ 6$-7(4 6,*$-7&4 7,/

    *,'.%-%*,0( 0&40& 0&/.'( 0& 1(4 *,'.%0(4 *(1I.%-(4< *&'( *,', 1(4

    *,'.%0(4 *(1I.%-(4 /( 7,/ 4%0( *'%('%0,0@

    A/ -(/3&'4,-%(/&4 : '&1,.(4 0& 7%4.('%,4 8&/.'& /(4(.',4? 3,'%,4

    )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4 &2*'&4,'(/ -(/3&/-%0,4 J$& ,$/J$& &1

    6,*$-7& 4&, *(F'&< 4$ 1$-7, *,', 4,1%' 0& &4, 4%.$,-%K/< /( &4 0&

    -1,4& ( 0& *,'.%0( *(1I.%-(< 4%/( J$& 0& '&%3%/0%-,-%K/ 0& 4$ ('%5&/

    -()( *$&F1(@e 

    P( &4 J$& 1,4 )$C&'&4 %/0I5&/,4 &4.&)(4 &/ 0&4,-$&'0( -(/ 1,

    1$-7, 0& -1,4& 0& 1(4 *,'.%0(4 *(1I.%-(4< ( -(/ 1, 1$-7, B&)%/%4.,<4%/( J$& 7,4., ,7(', /( /(4 4&/.%)(4 %/.&'*'&.,0,4 &/ 1,

    &4*&-%B%-%0,0 W./%-,< &4.( &4 1( J$& .',.,)(4 0& -1,'%B%-,'@ 9,',

    '&,1%+,' &4.& &/.&/0%)%&/.(< 0&F&'I,/ 7,F&' /$&3,4 B('),4 0&

    -()$/%-,-%K/< %/.&',--%K/ : -(/-&*.$,1%+,-%K/@

    ?0#)8)48%

    Y-.$,1)&/.& ,4%4.%)(4 , 1, &)&'5&/-%, 0& )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4

    CK3&/&4 J$& ,4$)&/ '(1&4 0& 1%0&',+5( F,4Z/0(4& &/ 1(4

    *'%/-%*%(4 ,/-&4.',1&4@ 9(0&)(4 3&' &4.& 0&4,''(11( &/ &1 '(1 0&

    T1(/m(Vl  J$&< 5&/&',1)&/.& 8&/ 1,4 [1.%),4 0W-,0,4? 7,FI, 4%0(

    &C&'-%0( *(' 7()F'&4@

    Y-.$,1)&/.& &/ )$-7,4 -()$/%0,0&4 1(4 7()F'&4 7,/ .&/%0( J$&

    B('+,0,)&/.& &)%5',' &/ F$4-, 0& F%&/&4.,' *,', 4$4 B,)%1%,4 : &4

    1, )$C&' J$& 7, .(),0( &4., *(4%-%K/ 0& 1%0&',+5( 84%/ (13%0,' 1,4

    .',/4B('),-%(/&4 %/.&'/,4 J$& &2*&'%)&/.,/ 1,4 B,)%1%,4?@ M,4

    )$C&'&4 -(/ )$-7(4 &4B$&'+(4 &4.Z/ 0,/0( -(/.%/$%0,0 4(-%(_

    -$1.$',1 0&/.'( 0& 1,4 -()$/%0,0&4@

    8 El Pueblo Mapuche originalmente se ubica entre el rio Bio-Bio y el Toltén: Actualmente están los que viven en

    centros urbanos, cerca del mar, cerca de las montañas, los que viven en el norte, en el centro o en el sur del

    territorio original, todos son Mapuches con diferencias de color político, y con todas las diferencias que

    constituyen un pueblo.9

     La historia dice que la Lonko Janequeo alrededor del año1587 dirigió un destacamento Mapuche en la lucha encontra de los invasores, en la cordillera de Nahuelbuta, ver:

    http://www.elciudadano.cl/2010/04/29/21552/lideres-mapuches-y-su-rol-en-el-desarrollo-de-procesos-historicos/ 

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    10/11

      b= 

    A/ 1,4 [1.%),4 0W-,0,4 : *(' 1, &2*&'%&/-%, J$& 1&4 7, .(-,0( 3%3%'<

    )$-7,4 )$C&'&4 6,*$-7&4 7,/ 1(5',0( 5',/0&4 ,3,/-& &/ &1

    ),/&C( 0& 1(4 .'Z)%.&4 F$'(-'Z.%-(4 & %/4.'$)&/.(4 C$'I0%-(4 ,

    B,3(' 0& 4$ 1$-7,< &4.Z/ -(/(-%&/0( : 0&B&/0%W/0(4& -(/ 1(4

    0&'&-7(4 &2%4.&/.&4@ 9(' 1( .,/.(< .,)F%W/ &4.Z/ 11&5,/0( ,1

    -$&4.%(/,)%&/.( 0&1 '(1 J$& -$)*1&/ -()( )$C&' 0&/.'( 0& 1,4

    ('5,/%+,-%(/&4 0&1 )(3%)%&/.( 6,*$-7&@

    Y$/J$& &2%4.&/ &4.(4 ,3,/-&4 &/ &1 '&-(/(-%)%&/.(4 0&1 '(1 0& 1,

    )$C&' &/ &1 )(3%)%&/.( 6,*$-7&< &4.Z -(4.,/0( )$-7(4

    &4B$&'+(4 , &4., /$&3, 5&/&',-%K/ 0& )$C&'&4 1$-7,0(',4

    6,*$-7&4< J$& &/ *'%/-%*%( 4& 7,/ 3%4.( ,*(:,0,4 8)Z4 F%&/? *('

    B&)%/%4.,4 0& ('5,/%+,-%(/&4 0& R,/.%,5(< : , 3&-&4 )&/(4 *(' 1(47()F'&4 6,*$-7&4 0&/.'( 0& 4$4 ('5,/%+,-%(/&4

    9(' (.', *,'.&< &1 .&), T6$C&'&4 H/0I5&/,4 : N&)%/%4)(V &/ 1,

    [1.%), 0W-,0, &4*&-%,1)&/.& 4& 7, 7&-7( -,0, 3&+ )Z4 3%4%F1&<

    -(/ 1(4 &4.$0%(4 %)*$14,0(4 *(' 1, /$&3, 5&/&',-%K/ 0& )$C&'&4

    %/0I5&/,4 0&1 -(/.%/&/.&@b=  A/ &1 -,4( 0& 1, )$C&' 6,*$-7& 4$

    *,'.%-%*,-%K/ 7, 4%0( 0%B&'&/.& -()*,',0, -(/ 1,4 (.',4 )$C&'&4

    %/0I5&/,4 0& Y)W'%-, M,.%/,< *('J$& 1, 1$-7, &/ -(/.', 0& 1,S(1(/%+,-%K/ B$& )$-7I4%)( )Z4 1,'5, &/ S7%1&@

    A4.( 7, 4%5/%B%-,0( J$& &11,4 7,/ 4%0( 3%4.,4 0&40& )$-7( )Z4

    .%&)*(< &/ 1,4 0%'%5&/-%,4< -()( 3(-&',4 0& 1(4 ,-(/.&-%)%&/.(4

    4%/ 0%B&'&/-%,4 &/.'& T7$&-7,B&4V : T1(/m(4V< *('J$& 1,4 )$C&'&4

    6,*$-7&4 4%&)*'& 4& 7,/ 7&-7( -,'5( 0&1 ,-(/.&-&' : 0& 1(4

    0&4.%/(4 0& 1, 4(-%&0,0 &/ J$& 3%3&/< *,'.%-%*,/0( &/ .(0(4 1(4

    &4*,-%(4 : /%3&1&4 0&1 ,-(/.&-&' 0& 4$ 9$&F1(@

    @.$. (%"(7')$

    M,4 )$C&'&4 %/0I5&/,4 -(/ 4$ 1$-7, 4& &4.Z/ 0&B&/0%&/0( 0& 1,

    TB&)%/%+,-%K/ 0& 1, *'(F1&)Z.%-, %/0I5&/,V< &4 0&-%'< J$& &2%5&/

    4&' .(),0,4 &/ -$&/., &/U 1,4 &4.,0I4.%-,4< 1&:&4< 0&-'&.(4<

    *(1I.%-,4 0& 0&4,''(11( -(/ .(0, 4$ &4*&-%B%-%0,0 : 0& 1, )%4),

    10

     Existen artículos muy interesantes que se refieren al tema Mujeres Indígenas y Feminismo por ejemplo en:http://redmujeresindigenasdelaciudad.blogspot.com/2010 (consultado 05-01-2012). También es interesante ver:

    Deere and León (2001). 

  • 8/15/2019 Francisca Quilaqueo

    11/11

      bb 

    ),/&', J$& , 1(4 7()F'&4@ Y4I -()( .,)F%W/ 4& 0&B%&/0&/ 0& 1,

    0%4-'%)%/,-%K/< 1, &2-1$4%K/ 4(-%,1 : 0& 1, -'%)%/,1%+,-%K/ 0& 1,4

    *'(.&4.,4 4(-%,1&4@ M, ',+K/ &4 (F3%,U *('J$& 1,4 -(/4&-$&/-%,4

    *'%/-%*,1)&/.& 1,4 4$B'&/ &11,4< 1,4 ),0'&4 C$/.( , 4$4 /%X(4< /(

    4(1,)&/.& ,7(',< *&'( :, 0&40& .%&)*(4 %/)&)('%,1&4@

    9&'( *,', .(0( 1( ,/.&'%(' 0&F&)(4 -'&&' J$& ,J$&1 C(3&/

    6,*$-7& &/ &1 R&)%/,'%( 0&1 ,X( "==D &/ E&)$-(< 0&F&'Z

    -()*'&/0&' J$& &1 5W/&'( /( &4 $/ &/&)%5(< J$& &4 $/ ,1%,0( J$&

    0&B%&/0& 1, 0%5/%0,0 0&1 9$&F1( 6,*$-7&@ 9&/4&)(4 .,)F%W/ 8-(/

    (*.%)%4)(? J$& ,7(', 0&4*$W4 0& -,4% $/, 0W-,0,< J$%+Z4 1,

    *'(B&4(', 0& &4, Q/%3&'4%0,0 &4., &/4&X,/0( , 4$4 ,1$)/(4 J$&U

    M, B%')&+, 0& 1, 1$-7, 6,*$-7& .%&/& Y1), : ;(4.'( 0& )$C&'@

    3-:-$-"().4

    G&&'&< S,')&/ G%,/, ,/0 6,50,1&/, M&K/ 8"==b?< A80%B-$)"C

    B%8-"2 D."& ."& 0$%0-$#5 $)C1#4 )" D.#)" 68-$)(.@ 9%..4F$'57<

    9Y< Q/%3&'4%.: (B 9%..4F$'57 9'&44@

    M1,/-, 6,'%/ 8"==`?< TM, 6,.'%, 6,*$-7& : &1 9,.'%,'-,0(

    O--%0&/.,1V< nnn@),*$&2*'&44@/&. < > R&*.%&)F'& 8-(/4$1.,0(D_e_"=b"?@

    9,%/&),1< 6%11,',: : ;%-7,'04< 9,.'%-%, 8"==>?<

    TE',/4/,-%(/,1%+,-%K/ 0&'&-7(4 : )$C&'&4 ),*$-7&4V< 9(/&/-%,

    *'&4&/.,0, &/ &1 ^ S(/5'&4( 0& 1, ;&0 M,.%/(,)&'%-,/, 0&

    Y/.'(*(1(5I, o$'I0%-, 8;AMYoQ?< O-.$F'&< O,2.&*&-< 6W2%-(@

    9PQG 8"==D?< TA4.',.&5%, AJ$%0,0 0& gW/&'(V< i(5(.Z< S(1()F%,U

    9PQG@

    ^,'5,4_M$/0%$4 8"==`?< @'7)-"&% 7. 0)-&$.> E" $-(%$$)&% 0%$ 7. 0$%8%()*" &- 7. )C'.7&.& &- CF"-$% -" 7%4 0$%5-(#%4 &-

    &-4.$$%77%< ;(),U HNYG@