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5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guia-4-primera-ley 1/46
SGNQCTXNMEM GEHNIGEO CVZCTN@CG]EO
ATEGHXNHI MC @NTEGME
ÅTCE MC ]CHGIOIKÀE
MCZET]E@CG]I MC CGCTKÎ]NHEEZTCGMNREBC MNEOØKNHI NG]CTEH]NQI
SGNMEM HSTTNHSOET ]CT@IMNGÅ@NHE
Coeditemi zit
Ztia' @e~te Oce
Ztia' Cgmct Hettexusct
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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Hig}cgnmi
='5 Ztnghnzni mc oHigxctqehnøg mc oe @exe
Aosbi `åxnhi' Aosbqios`î}tnhi' Chsehnøg mHig}ngsnmem
='4 Cgctkàe mc sg Xnx}c`e
='8 Cgctkàe mc sg Aosnmi uscAos~c
='= Ztn`cte Oc~ mc Oe]ct`imngå`nhe
='='5 Xnx}c`e Hcttemi
='='4 Xnx}c`e Ednct}i
='='4'5 Aosbi ~ cx}emi GiCx}edoc
='='4'5 Aosbi ~ cx}emiCx}edoc
='3 Hezehnmemcx Heoitàanhex
='1 Cbcthnhnix Ztizscx}ix
=';' Tcactcghnex Dndoniktåanhex
Cg cx}e Sgnmem ]c`å}nhe cx}etc`ix egeonregmi
Oe Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe' Xc Egeonreteg
}imix oix coc`cg}ix usc higait`eg sg xnx}c`e cgasghnøg mc oe ztn`cte oc~ hig co idbc}nqi mc mcmshnt oe
chsehnøg usc oe ztn`cte Oc~ zete xnx}c`ex Hcttemix/
xnx}c`ex Ednct}ix/ xnx}c`e mc aosbi ~ cx}emi cx}edoc/
xnx}c`ex mc Aosbi ~ cx}emi gi cx}edoc'
Idbc}nqix Mnmåh}nhix2
Highncghnet eo cx}smneg}c xidtc oe n`zit}eghne mc oe
Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe cg oe tcxioshnøg
mc ztidoc`ex mc Ngkcgnctàe'
Ait`soet oe cvztcxnøg `e}c`å}nhe mc oe Ztn`cte
Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe e zet}nt mc xn}sehnigcx
hi}nmnegex'
Cqeoset oix he`dnix cgctkî}nhix mc oix ztihcxix cg
sg xnx}c`e i qios`cg mc hig}tio s}nonregmi oe
Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe
Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe
EMN-SGCA@ 4:55 ]c`e =
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Oe Ztn`cte Oc~ mc ]ct`imngå`nhe/ e qchcx higihnme hi`i oe oc~ mc higxctqehnøg mc
cgctkàe/ CGSGHNE USC OE CGCTKÀE GI ZSCMC XCT HTCEME GN MCX]TSNME/ XØOI
ZSCMC XCT HIGQCT]NME MC SGE AIT@E E I]TE' Cg i}tex zeoedtex/ hsegmi Bisoc
mcbø hect co zcxi usc qiohø oe tscme mc zeoc}e/ oe cgctkàe `chågnhe ondcteme gi xc kex}ø/ xc
higqnt}nø cg cgctkàe ztiqcgncg}c mco heoit/ hesxegmi exà usc oe }c`zcte}ste mco eksees`cg}exc' Oe ztn`cte oc~ mc }ct`imngå`nhe etks`cg}e usc oe }i}eonmem mc oe heg}nmem mc
cgctkàe ztcxcg}c cg co sgnqctxi cx higx}eg}c'
Oe oc~ mc higxctqehnøg mc oe cgctkàe cx}edochc usc co qeoit mc oe cgctkàe mc sg xnx}c`e
enxoemi &xng ng}ctehhnøg hig gngkòg i}ti xnx}c`e. zct`egchc ngqetnedoc hig co }nc`zi' Oe
higxctqehnøg mc oe cgctkàe mc sg xnx}c`e cx}å onkeme eo fchfi mc usc oex chsehnigcx mc
cqioshnøg xceg ngmczcgmncg}cx mco ngx}eg}c higxnmctemi'
Mcg}ti mc oix xnx}c`ex }ct`imngå`nhix/ sge higxchscghne mc oe oc~ mc higxctqehnøg mc oe
cgctkàe cx oe ooe`eme ztn`cte oc~ mc oe }ct`imngå`nhe usc cx}edochc usc/ meme sge heg}nmem
mc cgctkàe }ît`nhe ΝU usc aos~c mcg}ti mc sg xnx}c`e/ mcdc ezetchct hi`i sg nghtc`cg}i
mc oe cgctkàe ng}ctge mco xnx}c`e &ΝS. i hi`i sg }tedebi &Ν[. cach}semi zit co xnx}c`e
xidtc xsx eotcmcmitcx2
&U. 0 &∁S. , &[.
='5 ZTNGHNZNI MC OE HIGXCTQEHNØG MC OE @EXE
Co ztnghnzni mc oe higxctqehnøg mc oe `exe zete sg xnx}c`e ednct}i
Y 0
`xnx}c`e`x`c
Ankste ='5' Ztnghnzni mc Higxctqehnøg mc oe `exe
@exe }i}eo uscxc xeoc mco
xnx}c`e
He`dni gc}i mcoe `exe mcg}ti
mco xnx}c`e
@exe }i}eousc cg}te eo
xnx}c`e
`c `x `xnx}
Oe heg}nmem mc `e}ctneusc ngktcxe e sg xnx}c`eednct}i mcdc xct oe `nx`eheg}nmem mc `e}ctne uscxeoc mco `nx`i
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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Cx}e `nx`e chsehnøg xc zscmc cvztcxet }e`dnîg zit sgnmem mc }nc`zi2
Oe heg}nmem mc `exe usc aos~c e }teqîx mc sge xchhnøg }tegxqctxeo zit sgnmem mc
}nc`zi xc mcgi`nge aosbi `åxnhi ~ co xà`dioi
` / ngmnhe usc cx `exe zit sgnmem mc}nc`zi'
-
xnx} xnx} x `````c 54
m} m``c` xnx} x )
Migmc2
c ~ x tcztcxcg}eg oe cg}teme ~ oe xeonme tcxzch}nqe`cg}c'
2 tcztcxcg}e oe xs`e}itne mc }imix oix aosbix `åxnhix ~ `exex usc cg}teg ~ xeocg mcoqios`cg mc hig}tio'
Ankste ='4' Qios`cg mc Hig}tio
Co aosbi mc `exe i oe tcoehnøg mc aosbi mc `exe mc sg aosnmi usc hnthsoe cg sge }sdctàe i msh}i
cx ztizithnigeo eo åtce mc oe xchhnøg }tegxqctxeo &E. mc oe }sdctàe i msh}i/ mcgxnmem & . ~ e oeqcoihnmem mco aosnmi &Q.'
` 0 v Q` v E
2 mcgxnmem mco aosnmi
Q`2 Qcoihnmem `cmne mco aosnmi
E2 Åtce }tegxqctxeo git`eo e oe mntchhnøg mc aosbi'
@exe }i}eo usc xcxeoc mco xnx}c`ezit sgnmem mc
}nc`zi
Qetnehnøg mc oe`exe mco xnx}c`ehig tcxzch}i eo
}nc`zi
@exe }i}eo usccg}te eo xnx}c`ezit sgnmem mc
}nc`zi
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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Co aosbi `åxnhi ~ co qios`î}tnhi xc tcoehnigeg'
q
Q Q `
EQ EQ `
Q
'
` 2 aosbi `åxnhi2 mcgxnmem
Q 2 aosbi qios`î}tnhiQ2 qcoihnmem mco aosnmiq2 qios`cg cxzchàanhi
='4 DEOEGHC MC CGCTKÀE
xnx} xc C C C [ U
@exe Cg}teg}c
@exe Xeoncg}c
Ankste ='8' Ng}ctehhnøg mc @exe/ Heoit ~ ]tedebi cg sg xnx}c`e
,
Cgctkàe }i}eo}tegxzit}emefehne mcg}timco Xnx}c`e'hig oe `exe
zit sgnmem mc}nc`zi'
Cgctkàe }i}eo]tegxzit}eme fehneascte mco xnx}c`ehig oe `exe zit
sgnmem mc }nc`zi'
Qetnehnøg mc oeCgctkàe mcoXnx}c`e zit
sgnmem mc }nc`zi
Cgctkàe }i}eousc htsre oe
atig}cte hi`iheoit ~ }tedebizit sgnmem mc
}nc`zi
Cgctkàe }i}eo mcoe `exe usc
xeoc mco xnx}c`e
Qetnehnøg cg oeCgctkàe }i}eo mco
Xnx}c`e'
Cgctkàe }i}eomc oe `exeusc cg}te eo
xnx}c`e
Cgctkàe }i}eousc htsre oe
atig}cte hi`iheoit }tedebi
, - 0
U
[
Qh
Cg sg xnx}c`e}ct`imngå`nhi co heoit ~co }tedebi xig ait`ex mccgctkàex usc htsreg oexatig}ctex mco `nx`i/`ncg}tex oe `exe cg}te ~xeoc mco qios`cg mchig}tio
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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m}
mCxnx} x C c C [ U
Oe cgctkàe }i}eo mc sg xnx}c`e cx}å higx}n}snme zit cgctkàe `ehtixhøznhe ~ `nhtixhøznhe' Oeztn`cte co xnx}c`e oe zixcc hi`i sg }imi cg tcoehnøg hig sg `ethi mc tcactcghne cv}ctnit
&cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo/ `ncg}tex oe `nhtixhøznhe xc tcoehnige hig oe eh}nqnmem `iochsoetmco xnx}c`e &cgctkàe ng}ctge.'
krQ
S C 4
4
='8 CGCTKÀE ]I]EO MC SG AOSNMI USC AOS^C
Co qios`cg mc hig}tio nghos~c aosbix mc `exe e }teqîx mc oe atig}cte mco qios`cg mc hig}tio/zit oi usc gchcxn}e sge cgctkàe zete c`zsbet oe `exe fehne mcg}ti ~ fehne ascte mco qios`cgmc hig}tio/ cx}c }tedebi xc higihc hi`i mc aosbi
'
Q Z O EZ OA [ aosbi
QcZc[ aosbic
Zit sgnmem mc `exe2
qxZx[ aosbix
qcZc[ aosbic
Oe cgctkàe mc sg xnx}c`e'
Cz Chs C
Sg aosnmi usc cg}te i xeoc mc sg qios`cg mc hig}tio zixcc sge cgctkàe emnhnigeo/ oe cgctkàemc aosbi i }tedebi mc aosbi'
Cz ChsZqZq C
Mc cx}e cvztcxnøg xc mctnqe sge gscqe ztizncmem }ct`imngå`nhe ooe`eme cg}eozne2
Zqsf
Cz ChS C
QxZx[ aosbix
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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='= MCMSHHNIG MC OE ZTN@CTE OC^
Oe Chsehnøg mc oe Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe cx xioi oe cvztcxnøg `e}c`å}nhe mcoZtnghnzni mc Higxctqehnøg mc oe Cgctkàe/ mco hseo oe `e~itàe }cgc`ix gihnøg zit gscx}tixhstxix mc Aàxnhe'
Oe tcactnme Chsehnøg/ cvztcxe cg cxcghne/ co deoeghc usc mcdc cvnx}nt cg}tc oix mnactcg}cx
}nzix mc cgctkàe cg sg ztihcxi mc}ct`ngemi' Cg}tc cx}ix }nzix mc cgctkàe xc hscg}eg2 oehngî}nhe/ oe zi}cghneo/ oe ng}ctge/ co }tedebi ~ co heoit'
Eg}cx mc ztcxcg}et oe mcmshhnøg/ ztizne`cg}c mnhfe/ mc oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~/efigmc`ix sg zihi `åx cg sg }øznhi usc ~e fc`ix cx}smnemi cg i}tex izit}sgnmemcx2 Co}tedebi'
Cg gscx}tex hoexcx ztcqnex fc`ix fchfi tcactcghne e qetnix }nzix mc }tedebi2 mc atig}cte/coîh}tnhi/ mc sg cbc/ mc sg tcxit}c/ c}h'< zcti emc`åx mc cx}ix/ fe~ sg }nzi mc }tedebi usc}ncgc cxzchneo n`zit}eghne cg oix xnx}c`ex ednct}ix ~ usc xc mcgi`nge ]tedebi mc Aosbi/ cohseo xc mcangc hi`i co }tedebi tcusctnmi zete `iqct hnct}e heg}nmem mc `exe/ fehne emcg}ti i
fehne eascte mc sg qios`cg mc hig}tio' Qce`ix hi`i xc heohsoe co `nx`i/ dexågmigix cgoe xnksncg}c ankste2
Ankste ='=' Qios`cg mc Hig}tio' Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe
Egeonhc`ix oe cg}teme ~ cqeosc`ix co }tedebi gchcxetni zete ng}timshnt oe zithnøg mc `exengmnheme eo qios`cg mc Hig}tio'
Tchitmegmi oe mcangnhnøg dåxnhe mc }tedebi2
[ 0 A"m ~ usc2 A 0 Z"E
Zimc`ix cxhtndnt2[0 Z"E"m 0007 &5.
Efite dncg/ zete gscx}ti hexi cg zet}nhsoet2Z 0 Ztcxnøg mc cg}teme mco Aosnmi &Zcg.E 0 Åtce mc oe xchhnøg mc cg}teme &E.
E
E
QIOS@CG
MC
HIG]TIO
` cg}
` xeo
V
Zcg
Zxeo
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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cg} 0 ` cg} " c cg}
C xeo 0` xeo" c xeo
E
E
QIOS@CG
MC
HIG]TIO
[Acg
[A xeo
[
U
m 0 Mcxzoere`ncg}i gchcxetni zete ng}timshnt oe zithnøg mc `exe &V.
Oe chsehnøg &5. xc higqnct}c cg2[0 Zcg" E" V
Cg migmc co ztimsh}i &E"V./ tcxso}e xct co qios`cg mc oe `exe mc cg}teme/ cg}ighcx2
[0 Zcg"Qcg 000007 ]tedebi }i}eo mc Aosbi e oe cg}teme'
~ zit sgnmem mc `exe xctå2{ 0 Zcg"cg
Sg tcxso}emi xc`cbeg}c xc id}cgmtàe zete oe xeonme2
{ 0 Zxeo " xeo
Cvzonhemi ~e cx}c highcz}i/ editmc`ix oe mc mcmshhnøg mc Oe Chsehnøg Kcgcteo mc oe
Ztn`cte Oc~ mc oe ]ct`imngå`nhe'
]i`c`ix hi`i tcactcghne oe xnksncg}c ankste2
Ankste ='3' Qios`cg mc Hig}tio
Migmc2Ccg} 0 Cgctkàe mc cg}teme }i}eo exihneme e oe `exe mc cg}teme'Cxeo 0 Cgctkàe mc xeonme }i}eo exihneme e oe `exe mc xeonme'[Acg 0 ]tedebi mc Aosbi mc cg}teme'[Axeo 0 ]tedebi mc Aosbi mc Xeonme'[ 0 ]tedebi gc}i mnactcg}c eo }tedebi mc aosbi'U 0 Heoit gc}i'c 0 \&Qcoih4 )4kh., R"&k)kh. , sP 0 Cgctkàe }i}eo cxzchàanhe
Ezonhegmi co Ztnghnzni mc Higxctqehnøg mc oe Cgctkàe2
Cgctkàe cg}tegmi - Cgctkàe xeoncgmi 0 Cgctkàe cg co Qios`cg mc Hig}tio
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Cg ait`e mnactcghneo2
\Ccg} , [Acg} , UP - \Cxeo ,[ ,[AxeoP 0 \mCP qhig}tio
Mc `egcte `åx mcxettiooeme2
\ccg}" `cg} ,Zcg}"cg}" `cg} P , U - \cxeo"`xeo , [ , Z xeo"xeo"`xeoP 0 m \c"`P Qhig}tio
Ektszegmi }ît`ngix2
`cg} \ccg} ,Zcg}"cg} P , U - `xeo \cxeo , Z xeo"xeoP - [ 0 m\c"`PQhig}tio
Ng}cktegmi2 `cg} \ccg} ,Zcg}"cg} P , U - `xeo \cxeo , Z xeo"xeoP - [ 0 \cAng"`Ang - cngn"`ngnPQhig}tio
Tchitmegmi usc2 c 0 \&Qcoih4 )4kh., R"&k ) kh. , sP/ xc }ncgc2
\Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , s , Z"P cg}"`cg} , U -\Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , s , Z"P xeo"`xeo - [ 0
\Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , sPAng"`Ang - \Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , s Pngn"`ngn
]i`egmi cg hscg}e usc2 f 0 s , Z"/ angeo`cg}c xc id}ncgc2
\Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , fPcg}"`cg} , U - \Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , fPxeo"`xeo - [ 0| \Qco 4 ) 4kh ,R"&k )kh. , s PAng"`Ang - \Qco 4 ) 4kh , R"&k )kh. , s Pngn"`ngn pQetnehnøg mc Cgctkàe cg co Q' Hig}tio
Tcitkegnregmi id}cgc`ix oi usc xc higihc hi`i CHSEHNØG MC ZTN@CTE OC^ 2
qh
k R Q
s`k R Q
s`Qx
Rxkfx`x[ UQc
Rckfc`c
5
4
5
554
44
44
44
4Y
444
='='5' Xnx}c`e Ednct}i' Cx}emi ~ Aosbi Cx}edoc &Aosbi Zct`egcg}c.
Eoksgex mc oex heteh}ctàx}nhex mc sg xnx}c`e ednct}i debi higmnhnigcx mc aosbi cx}edoc xcztcxcg}eg e hig}ngsehnøg2
Oex ztizncmemcx ng}cgxnqex ~ cv}cgxnqex mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio gi he`dneg hig co}nc`zi zit oi usc oe mcgxnmem cx higx}eg}c eo nkseo usc co qios`cg'
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Oe heg}nmem mc cgctkàe usc cg}te e sg qios`cg mc hig}tio/ mcdc xct nkseo e oe cgctkàe
usc xeoc cg sg ztihcxi mc aosbi cx}edoc'
Oex ztizncmemcx mc cg}teme ~ xeonmex zscmcg xct mnactcg}cx cg mnx}ng}ex edct}stex mccg}teme ~ xeonme/ nghosxi qetnet zit }ime oe xchhnøg }tegxqctxeo mc sge cg}teme ~ sgexeonme zcti gi he`dneg hig co }nc`zi' Emnhnigeo`cg}c oe cocqehnøg ~ oe qcoihnmemzct`egchcg higx}eg}cx cg sge zixnhnøg anbe cg qeoitcx zti`cmnix'
OC^ MC OE HIGXCTQEHNØG MC OE @EXE ZETE CX]EMI ^ AOSBI CX]EDOC
@QH 0 : < @exe }i}eo usc cg}te cx nkseo e oe `exe }i}eo usc xeoc'
:54 `qh```` xc
5454 : `````qh
`x`c
x`c`
='='4' Oc~ mc oe Higxctqehnøg mc oe cgctkàe' Xnx}c`e usc izcte cg ztihcxix mc Aosbi ~Cx}emi Cx}edoc
CQH 0 : < Oe cgctkàe }i}eo usc cg}te eo qios`cg mc hig}tio cx nkseo e oecgctkàe }i}eo usc xeoc/ zit oi }eg}i2
:
4
5
4
5 44
xxxxcccc Q k rf`Q k rf`[ U
Oe chsehnøg mc oe ztn`cte oc~ zete sg xnx}c`e usc izcte cg ztihcxi mc aosbi cx}emi~ cx}edoc uscme cg co hseo xioi cvnx}c sge hittncg}c mc cg}teme ~ xeonme
xc ``
.P&.&
4
5.\&
44
cxcxcx R R kQ Q ff`[ U
='='4'5 Mnxzixn}nqix usc Izcteg Cg Aosbi Zct`egcg}c2
Ztihcxix migmc gi fe~ }tedebiCg}tc oix mnxzixn}nqix usc izcteg cg cx}emi cx}edoc ~ gi ztimshcg gn higxs`cg }tedebi/cx}åg2 ng}cthe`dnemitcx mc heoit/ higmcgxemitcx/ kcgctemitcx mc qezit &heomctex./
5/8/2018 guia 4 primera ley - slidepdf.com
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mnasxitcx/ }idctex/ qåoqsoex mc Cx}tegksoe`ncg}i ~ }sdctàex' Xcksnme`cg}c xc mcxhtndcgheme sgi mc cooix'
Sg Ng}cthe`dnemit mc Heoit xc c`zoce zete }tegxactnt heoit mc sg aosnmi e i}ti'Git`eo`cg}c oix he`dnix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo xig mcxztchnedocx' Co heoit}tegxactnmi/ cg}tc oex mix hittncg}cx/ xc heohsoe `cmneg}c oe mnactcghne mc cg}eozàex ~ co
egåonxnx mczcgmc mc oe cochhnøg mco qios`cg mc hig}tio' Oe ankste ngmnhe mixzixndnonmemcx cg mnhfe cochhnøg/ oe xcochhnøg xc fetå cg asghnøg mc oe ngait`ehnøgmcxceme ~ mc oe higihnme'
Ankste ='1' Ng}cthe`dnemit mc Heoit
Zete co qios`cg mc Hig}tio ‟E‐2
U 0 `&fx5 ‘ fc5.
Zete co qios`cg mc Hig}tio ‟D‐2
`5"fc5 , `4"fc4 0 `5"fx5 , `4"fx4
Sg higmcgxemit cx sg }nzi mc ng}cthe`dnemit mc heoit usc tceonre sge }etcecxzchàanhe zit oi usc oex chsehnigcx eg}ctnitcx xig qåonmex zete co `nx`i ' Cg sgHigmcgxemit hnthsoe ekse atàe &s i}ti aosnmi. zete higmcgxet }i}eo &i zethneo`cg}c. sg
qezit i sge `crhoe hig heonmem cocqeme'
Qio' mc hig}tio D
Aosnmi heoncg}c
&Hittncg}c 5.Qio' mc hig}tio E
Aosnmi Atài
&Hittncg}c 4.
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Sg Kcgctemit mc Qezit &heomcte. c`zoce sge ascg}c mc cgctkàe/ }eo hi`i co usc`emimc hi`dsx}ndoc zsoqctnremi i sg tceh}it gshocet/ zete qezitnret sg aosnmi' Cg cx}ccusnzi oix he`dnix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo xig }àznhe`cg}c mcxztchnedocx ~ co`nx`i gi ngqioshte }tedebi' Oe chsehnøg mc Ztn cte Oc~ zete cx}c cusnzi/ xc tcmshc e2
U 0 `&fx ‘ fc.
Ankste =';' Cxusc`e mc sg Kcgctemit mc Qezit
Oix Mnasxitcx ~ ]idctex/ xc c`zoceg zete hig}tioet oe qcoihnmem mc sg aosnmi' Cx}ixc oikte qetnegmi ktemseo`cg}c co åtce cg}tc oe cg}teme ~ oe xeonme' Cg sg Mnasxit mnx`ngs~c oe qcoihnmem `ncg}tex oe ztcxnøg es`cg}e< cg oe ]idcte xshcmc oi hig}tetnies`cg}e oe qcoihnmem `ncg}tex mnx`ngs~c oe ztcxnøg' Memi usc oe cgctkàe hngî}nhexscoc xct n`zit}eg}c ~ usc oe }tegxactcghne mc heoit xscoc xct mcxztchnedoc/ mcdnmiztnghnzeo`cg}c e oex eo}ex qcoihnmemcx mco aosnmi usc }tec hi`i higxchscghne usc gizct`egcrhe co }nc`zi xsanhncg}c cg co cusnzi zete usc oe }tegxactcghne mc heoit xcexnkgnanhe}nqe/ oe Chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~/ uscme hi`i xnksc2
Ankste ='6' Cxusc`e mc sge ]idcte
Cg}ighcx oe chsehnøg mc oe ztn`cte oc~ zete sg }idcte uscme cvztcxeme cg oe xnksncg}c ait`e
fc , Qc4)4 0 fx , Qx
4)4
Oàusnmi
Qezitt
]IDCTE
Higxnmctehnigcx eo ezonhet oe ztn`cteoc~ cg sge }idcte2 Gi fe~ ehs`soehnøg CQH 0 : Xc mcxztchne co he`dni mc cgctkàe
zi}cghneo Q 7 :/ zit oi }eg}i qcoihnmem mc xeonme `e~it e
qcoihnmem mc cg}teme
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Ankste ='>' Cxusc`e mc sg Mnasxit
Cg}ighcx oe chsehnøg mc oe ztn`cte oc~ zete sg }idcte uscme cvztcxeme cg oexnksncg}c ait`e
fc , Qc4)4 0 fx , Qx
4)4
Sge Qåoqsoe mc Cx}tegksoe`ncg}i/ xn`zoc`cg}c cx sge tcx}tnhhnøg edtsz}e eo zeximco aosnmi/ oi hseo }tec higxnki sge mnx`ngshnøg mc ztcxnøg/ eo nkseo usc co hexi mc oex}idctex ~ mnasxitcx oe }tegxactcghne mc heoit cx mcxztchnedoc< xng c`detki xn xc conkcsg qios`cg mc hig}tio oi xsanhncg}c eocbemi mc mnhfe tcx}tnhhnøg/ co he`dni mc cgctkàehngî}nhe tcxso}e zcuscõi ~ oe Chsehnøg mc oe Ztn`cte Oc~/ xc tcmshc e2
fc 0 fx
Ankste ='5:' Qåoqsoe mc Hig}tio
EXÀ/ USC SG ZTIHCXI MC CX]TEGKSOE@NCG]I XC HIGXNMCTEKCGCTEO@CG]C HI@I NXICG]ÅOZNHI'
Angeo`cg}c/ sge xn`zoc ]sdctàe/ }e`dnîg higx}n}s~c sg xnx}c`e cg cx}emi cx}edoc'Xn oe }sdctàe cx qct}nheo/ oix he`dnix mc cgctkàe zi}cghneo cg}tc oe cg}teme ~ oe xeonme
xscocg xct n`zit}eg}cx' Oi xnkgnanhe}nqi usc zscmcg xct oix }ît`ngix/ mc cgctkàehngî}nhe ~ mc }tegxactcghne mc heoit/ qe e mczcgmct mc heme ztidoc`e cg zet}nhsoet/ exàusc debi cx}ex higxnmctehnigcx zimc`ix cxhtndnt sge chsehnøg kcgcteo mc Ztn`cteOc~ zete co hexi mc oe }sdctàe/ hi`i xnksc2
U , `&fc , Qc4)4 , Rc"k - fx - Qx
4)4 - Rx"k. 0 :
Higxnmctehnigcx eo ezonhet oe ztn`cteoc~ cg sge }idcte2 Gi fe~ ehs`soehnøg CQH 0 : Xc mcxztchne co he`dni mc cgctkàe
zi}cghneo Q ? :/ zit oi }eg}i qcoihnmem mc xeonme cgit e
oe qcoihnmem mc cg}teme
MNASXIT
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Ztihcxix migmc fe~ }tedebi
]stdngex/ oix hi`ztcxitcx/ oex di`dex ~ oix qcg}noemitcx xig ezete}ix itmngetnix/ cgcx}emi cx}edoc/ usc ztcxcg}eg ng}ctehhnigcx mc }tedebi hig oix eotcmcmitcx' Cx}e cx oechsehnøg dåxnhe mc Ztn`cte Oc~ zete cx}ix hexix2
U , `&fc , Qc4)4 , Rc"k - fx - Qx
4)4 - Rx"k. - [ 0 :
Sge ]stdnge/ cx sg hi`zigcg}c ztimsh}it mc zi}cghne &i }tedebi zit sgnmem mc}nc`zi./ usc tceonre }tedebi `cmneg}c oe ti}ehnøg mc sg cbc' Co aosnmi e ztcxnøg cocqemexc cvzegmc fex}e sge ztcxnøg ngactnit/ tceonregmi }tedebi hig}te oex exzex mc oe}stdnge' Hig atchscghne/ zcti gi xnc`ztc/ oix he`dnix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneoxig zcuscõix' Oe }tegxactcghne mc heoit e oix eotcmcmitcx }e`dnîg cx kcgcteo`cg}czcuscõe/ cg hi`zetehnøg hig co }tedebi ztimshnmi'
Ankste ='55' Tcztcxcg}ehnøg mc sge }stdnge mc Qezit
Cg}ighcx oe chsehnøg mc ztn`cte oc~ xc cvztcxe cg oe xnksncg}c ait`e
.& xc ff`[
Oix Hi`ztcxitcx/ tcusnctcg sge cg}tcke mc }tedebi zete ztimshnt sge ztcxnøg mcxeonme eo}e/ e zet}nt mc sge debe ztcxnøg mc cg}teme< kcgcteo`cg}c c`zoceg sg aosnmi mc}tedebi kexcixi'
Ankste ='54' Tcztcxcg}ehnøg mc sg Hi`ztcxit
[
Qezit e Ztcxnøg eo}e
Qezit i `crhoe e
Ztcxnøg debe
[
Qezit i kex e
ztcxnøg debe
Qezit i kex e
ztcxnøg eo}e
Higxnmctehnigcx eo ezonhet oe ztn`cte
oc~ cg sge ]stdnge2 Gi fe~ ehs`soehnøg CQH 0 : Xc mcxztchne co he`dni mc cgctkàe
zi}cghneo ~ co he`dni mc cgctkàehngc}nhe CH 0CZ :
@c0 @x U 0 : & xc Exs`c emnedå}nhe.
Co }tedebi &[. tcxso}emi mcoezonhet oe ztn`cte oc~ cg sge}stdnge cx zixn}nqi &,./ cx mchntcx ztimshnmi zit co cusnzi
Higxnmctehnigcx eo ezonhet oe ztn`cteoc~ cg sg Hi`ztcxit2 Gi fe~ ehs`soehnøg CQH 0 : Xc mcxztchne co he`dni mc cgctkàe
zi}cghneo ~ co he`dni mc cgctkàehngc}nhe CH 0CZ :
@c0 @x U 0 : & xc Exs`c emnedå}nhi.
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Cg}ighcx oe chsehnøg mc ztn`cte oc~ xc cvztcxe cg oe xnksncg}c ait`e
.& xc ff`[
Zit i}te zet}c/ Oix Qcg}noemitcx xc sxeg zete `iqct sg aosnmi kexcixi eqcoihnmemcx eo}ex/ `åx usc zete ztimshnt ktegmcx he`dnix mc oe ztcxnøg ~kcgcteo`cg}c/ oe heg}nmem mc heoit cx mcxztchnedoc'
Ankste ='58' Tcztcxcg}ehnøg mc sg Qcg}noemit
Oex Di`dex }e`dnîg tcusnctcg usc xc oc xs`ngnx}tc }tedebi ~ xc oc exihnekcgcteo`cg}c hig co `egcbi mc oàusnmix ' Cg cx}ix }tcx ezete}ix oex zîtmnmex mc heoitxig kcgcteo`cg}c zcuscõex'
Ankste ='5=' Tcztcxcg}ehnøg mc sge Di`de
='='4'4 Xnx}c`e Hcttemi &@exe mc Hig}tio.'
44554444 Cz Chs` Cz Chs`[ U
Hi`i 54 ``
545454 Cz Cz Ch Chss`[ U
Zete xnx}c`ex cx}ehnigetnix2 45 R R 2 45 QQ
54 ss`[ U
Onu' Ztcxnøg
Onu' Ztcxnøg eo}e[
Aosnmi e
debe
qcoihnmemAosnmi e
eo}eqcoihnmem
Co }tedebi &[. tcxso}emi mco ezonhet oeztn`cte oc~ cg sge }stdnge cxzixn}nqi &-./ cx mchnt cx higxs`nmizit co cusnzi
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='='4'4 Ztihcxi mc Aosbi ~ Cx}emi Gi Cx}edoc &Hexi Sgnait`c.'
Oex ztizncmemcx ng}cgxnqex ~ cv}cgxnqex mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio xn he`dneg hig co}nc`zi zit oi usc oe mcgxnmem cx gi higx}eg}c ~ }e`zihi co qios`cg'
Oe heg}nmem mc cgctkàe usc cg}te e sg qios`cg mc hig}tio/ gi gchcxetne`cg}c mcdc xctnkseo e oe cgctkàe usc xeoc cg sg ztihcxi mc aosbi ngcx}edoc/ cx}i mcdnmi e oe ehs`soehnøgmcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio'
Oex ztizncmemcx mc cg}teme ~ xeonmex zscmcg xct mnactcg}cx cg mnx}ng}ex edct}stex mccg}teme ~ xeonme'
OC^ MC HIGXCTQEHNØG MC OE @EXE
Oe heg}nmem ~ oex ztizncmemcx mc oe `exe mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio he`dne hig co}nc`zi ~ mczcgmc mc oe heg}nmem mc `exe usc cg}te ~ xeoc mco qios`cg mc hig}tio msteg}c coztihcxi'
`qh`` xc
qh```` xc .& 54
m}
qh`m `` xc
='='='8 Xnx}c`e Ednct}i' Ztihcxi mc Aosbi ~ Cx}emi Gi Cx}edoc &Hexi Sgnait`c.&`qhig}tio : / Cqhig}tio: .
Oex ztizncmemcx ng}cgxnqex ~ cv}cgxnqex mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio xn he`dneg hig
co }nc`zi zit oi usc oe mcgxnmem gi cx higx}eg}c eo nkseo usc co qios`cg'
Oe heg}nmem mc cgctkàe usc cg}te eo qios`cg mc hig}tio/ gi gchcxetne`cg}c mcdc xct
nkseo e oe heg}nmem mc cgctkàe usc xeoc'
Oex ztizncmemcx mc cg}temex ~ xeonmex zscmcg xct mnactcg}cx cg mnx}ng}ex edct}stex mccg}teme ~ xeonme'
k R Q s`k R Q s`Qxk R fxx`[ UQc Rkfcc`
5
4
45
55Y 4
4
44444
4 4
4
Zete sg ztihcxi mc hetke `x0iZete sg ztihcxi mc mcxhetke `c0i
]e`dnîg ooe`emi Ztihcxi mc Cx}emi Sgnait`c ~ Aosbi Sgnait`c ' Cx}c }nzi mc ztihcxicx}å exihnemi e xn}sehnigcx cg migmc xc cx}å oocgegmi i qehnegmi eokòg mnxzixn}nqi/ ezete}i
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i tchnzncg}c/ zsmncgmi cvnx}nt i gi cvnx}nt }tedebi Sxseo`cg}c cg cx}ix }nzix mc ztihcxix oixhe`dnix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo xig mcxztchnedocx/ uscmegmi sge chsehnøg dåxnhemc Ztn`cte Oc~ hi`i xnksc2
Ankste ='53' Ztihcxix mc Hetke ~ Mcxhetke
U , ` cg} fcg} - ` xeo fxeo 0` angeo sAngeo - ` ngn sngn , [Tcxs`e`ix xcksnme`cg}c hseo cx oe cvztcxnøg }àznhe mc Oe Ztn`cte Oc~ mc ehsctmi e hememnxzixn}nqi
]EDOE TCXS@CG MC CHSEHNØG MC 5CTE OC^ XCKÒG OIX MNXZIXN]NQIX
Cusnzi Higxnmctehnigcx Cvztcxnøg ]àznhe
Ng}cthe`dnemit~
Higmcgxemit
e.]i`egmi sg qios`cgmc hig}tio usc nghos~e
sge xioe hittncg}c ~hig2 Chng 0:/Czi}0:/ Cqh0:/`qh0:'
d. ]i`egmi sgqios`cg mc hig}tio uscnghos~e oex 4 hittncg}cx~ hig2 U0:/ Chng 0:/Czi}0:/ Cqh0:/`qh0:'
&Cx}emi Cx}edoc.
e. U 0 `&fxeo5 ‘ fcg}5.
d. `5"fcg}5 , `4"fcg}4 0 `5"fxeo5 , `4"fxeo4
Heomcte`qh0:/ Cqh0:/[0:/Chng 0:/ Czi}0:
&Cx}emi Cx}edoc.
U 0 `&fxeo ‘ fcg}.
Mnasxit~
]idcte
`qh0:/ Cqh0:/[0:/U0:/ Chng :/Czi}0:
&Cx}emi Cx}edoc.
fcg} , Qcg}4)4kh 0 fxeo , Qxeo
4)4kh
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Qåoqsoe
mcCx}tegksoe`ncg
}i
`qh0:/Cqh0:/[0:/U0:/ Chng 0:/Czi}0:
&Cx}emi Cx}edoc.
fcg} 0fxeo
]stdnge`qh0:/ Cqh0:/[:/U0:/ Chng 0:/
Czi}0:'&Cx}emi Cx}edoc.
[ 0 `&fcg} ‘ fxeo.
Qcg}noemit`qh0:/ Cqh0:/[:/U0:/ Chng :/Czi}0:'
&Cx}emi Cx}edoc.
[0 ` &fcg} , Qcg}4)4kh ‘ fxeo ‘Qxeo
4)4kh.
Di`de~
Hi`ztcxit
Cqh0:/ [:/ U0:/Chng 0:/ Czi}0:
&Cx}emi Cx}edoc. [ 0 `&fcg} ‘ fxeo.
Tchnzncg}c&Oocgågmixc.
`qh:/ Cqh:/ U:/
Chng 0:/ Czi}0:/ `xeo 0:/ `cg}:/ [0: &sgexioe cg}teme.
&Cx}emi Ngcx}edoc.
U 0 ` angeo sAngeo - ` ngn sngn - ` cg} fcg}
Tchnzncg}c&Qehnågmixc.
`qh:/ Cqh:/[0:/U:/ Chng 0:/Czi}0:'`cg} 0:/ `xeo: &sgexioe xeonme.
&Cx}emi Ngcx}edoc.
U 0 ` angeosAngeo - ` ngn sngn, ` xeo fxeo
CBCTHNHNIX TCXSCO]IX
CBC@ZOIX MC ZTIHCXIX MC AOSBI CX]EDOC2
5.' Tchncg}c`cg}c xc ztizsxi oe higx}tshhnøg mc sg texhehncoix mc sge `nooe mc eo}i &51:>`c}tix.' Xszigke`ix usc cg }eo texhehncoix xc ztizithnige co qezit mc heocaehhnøg fex}e coznxi `åx eo}i zit sg }sdi qct}nheo' Co qezit cg}te e gnqco mco xscoi hi`i qezit xe}stemi ~xchi e sge ztcxnøg mc 4:: lZe' ~ cg oi eo}i oe ztcxnøg cx mc 3: lZe' Oe }tegx`nxnøg mc heoit
e oi oetki mco }sdi cx mc 3'46 lB)Lk' ¹Hsåo cx oe heonmem/ xn cx xe}stemi/ i oe }c`zcte}ste xncx xidtcheocg}emi/ e oe xeonme mco }sdi9
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Qios`cg mc hig}tio
Rc 0 : `}
Rx 051:> `}
u0 -3'46 lBiso)Lk`
XIOSHNØG
]nzi mc Ztihcxi2 Cx}emi Cx}edoc
Me}ix2Cmi' Cg}teme Cmi' Xeonme
Zcg}04:: lZe Zxeo03: lZeRcg}0: ` Rxeo051:> `Qezit Xe}stemi
u 0 -3'46 lB)lk`
Zete tcxzigmct oe ztcksg}e usc gix fehcg/ fe~ usc ztchnxet co cx}emi mc xeonme/ mco hseoxioi higihc`ix sge ztizncmem ng}cgxnqe/ oe ztcxnøg Zxeo03: lZe 'Ezonusc`ix oe chsehnøg mc ztn`cte oc~ &i`n}ncgmi oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe./ zete qctusc ngait`ehnøg emnhnigeo id}cgc`ix2
U , `c &fc,Rc"k. ‘ [ ‘ &`x"fx , Rx"k. 0 &`4"s4 ‘`5"s5.Cgct qio'Hig}
&Gi}c/ usc cg cx}e chsehnøg gi ezetchc co }ît`ngi ‟ kh‐ / ~e usc cg co xnx}c`e ng}ctgehnigeo co `nx`i gi cx n`ztcxhngmndoc .
Higxnmctehnigcx2-'Gi fe~ gngkòg `iqn`ncg}i zit oi usc2 [0:'-'Zit xct sg ztihcxi cg cx}emi cx}edoc &`4"s4 ‘`5"s5.0: ~ zit xszscx}i oe`c 0 `x'-']i`egmi hi`i tcactcghne zete oe eo}ste oe cg}teme2 Rc0:'
Hig }imex cx}ex ztc`nxex oe Chsehnøg }i`e oe xnksncg}c ait`e2U , `c"fc 0 `x&fx , Rx"k.
Tchitmegmi usc2U 0 `"u/ cg}ighcx2
`"u , `c"fc 0 `x&fx , Rx"k.
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Xn mcxzcbe`ix ‟fx‐2
fx 0 u , fc - Rx"k
Xsx}n}s~cgmi qeoitcx2
fx 0 \-3'46 lB)Lk` , 4;:1'; lB)lk` - &51:> ` " >'6 `)xck4."&5 lBiso)5::: Biso.P
0 4163'13 lB)Lk`
Hig Zxeo03: lZe ~ fx04163'13 lB)Lk`/ xc mc}ct`nge usc co cx}emi cx qezit xidtcheocg}emi'Cg oe ]edoe mc qezit Xidtcheocg}emi/ ng}ctzioegmi/ xc id}ncgc2
]xeonme 0 5:4'18 ºH &Tcxz'.
4.'Cg sg ztihcxi mc cx}emi cx}edoc ~ aosbi cx}edoc/ xc `crhoe e`igàehi oàusnmi e 1: A ~ 4::Zxne/ hig qezit mc e`igàehi xe}stemi e sge ztcxnøg mc 4:: Zxne' Co aosbi mc `exe mc oàusnmi~ qezit xig nkseocx/ ~ oe `exe mc xeone cx 5 Od`)ft' Mcxzsîx mc oe `crhoe mc oe ztcxnøg cx
mc 56: Zxne ~ oe heonmem mc 63#' Mc}ct`nget oe }tegx`nxnøg mc heoit msteg}c co ztihcxi mc`crhoe
Xioshnøg2
]nzi mc Ztihcxi2 Cx}emi Cx}edoc
Higmnhnigcx2
Zsg}i 5 Zsg}i 4 Zsg}i mc xeonme
] c5 01: A Z c4 04:: Zxne Z x 0 56: Zxne
Zc50 4:: Zxne Qezit xe}stemi V0:'63
]i`c`ix sg qios`cg mc hig}tio usc nghos~e eo `crhoemit ~ ezonusc`ix oe chsehnøg mcZtn`cte Oc~ &i`n}ncgmi oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo/ ~e usc cg co cgsghnemigi xc higxnmcteg.' Zit i}te zet}c/ co fchfi mc usc cvnx}e `åx mc sg aosbi cg}tegmi eoqios`cg mc hig}tio/ fehc zct}ngcg}c cxhtndnt oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ hig sg xnkgi mcxs`e}itne2
U , `c"fc ‘ [ ‘ `x"fx 0 &`4"s4 ‘`5"s5.Cgct qio'Hig}
Aeh}itcx mc
higqctxnøg2
5 lBiso 05::: Biso
5 `4 )xck
40 5
Biso)Lk
Oàusnmi &`c5.
Qezit &`c4.
@crhoe &`x.
@crhoemit
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Higxnmctehnigcx2-'Gi fe~ gngkòg `iqn`ncg}i zit oi usc2 [0:'-'Zit xct sg ztihcxi cg cx}emi cx}edoc &`4"s4 ‘`5"s5.0:'-'Co }ît`ngi mc xs`e}itne mcxettiooemi cx2
`c"fc0 `c5"fc5, `c4"fc4
Hig cx}ex higxnmctehnigcx/ oe chsehnøg }i`e oe xnksncg}c ait`e2
U , `c5"fc5 , `c4"fc4 ‘ `x"fx 0 :
Mcxzcbegmi co heoit2U 0 `x"fx ‘ &`c5"fc5 , `c4"fc4.
Efite ezonusc`ix co Ztnghnzni mc Higxctqehnøg mc oe `exe2`c ‘ `x 0 `qhig}tio
zit xct sg Ztihcxi cg Cx}emi Cx}edoc2 `qhig}tio0:/ cg}ighcx2
`c ‘ `x 0 :/ usc cusnqeoc e2
`c5 , `c4 0 `x
co cgsghnemi mco ztidoc`e cx}edochc usc ‟`x 0 5 Od`)ft‟ ~ usc ‟`c5 0 `c4‟/ exà usc2
`c5 , `c5 0 5 Od`)ft/ mcxzcbegmi2
`c5 0 `c4 0 :'3 Od`)ft
Higihnmex ~e oex `exex/ xioi aeo}etàe id}cgct oex cg}eozàex2
Zsg}i52 Cx}c cx}emi cx oàusnmi hi`ztn`nmi/ zcti co qeoit mc xs cg}eozàe xc zscmc eztivn`et
hig dex}eg}c ehcz}ehnøg eo mco oàusnmi xe}stemi e oe `nx`e }c`zcte}ste &fehncgmi hexii`nxi e oe ztcxnøg./ exà2
f4:: Zxne/ 1: A fa 1: A 0 5:>'4 D}s)Od`
Zsg}i 42 Co qeoit mc oe cg}eozàe xc occtå e 4:: Zxne hi`i qezit xe}stemi2
0fk4:: Zxne 0 184'; D}s)Od`
Zsg}i mc xeonme2 Zete co zsg}i mc xeonme &56: Zxne./ zit xct sg cx}emi mc `crhoe oe cg}eozàe xc
heohsoetå cg asghnøg mc oe heonmem mc xeonme &Vx.2fx 0 fax ,Vx"fakx
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fx 0\5=8'8 , :'63"&184';-5=8'8.P0336'; D}s)Od`
Xsx}n}s~cgmi qeoitcx cg oe Chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~2U0\|5Od`)ft"336';D}s)Od ‘&:'3 Od`"5:>'4D}s)Od`,:'3 Od`"184'; D}s)Od`.P 07
U 0 56;';3 D}s)ft &Tcxz'.
8.' Sg Zoeg}e mc Zi}cghne cx sg higbsg}i mc cusnzix usc izcteg cg sg hnhoi}ct`imngå`nhi/ hs~i idbc}nqi cx ztimshnt }tedebi hig tcxzch}i eo }nc`zi i xce Zi}cghne/ mceooà xs gi`dtc' Fe~ usc }cgct `s~ ztcxcg}c usc heme sgi mc oix cusnzix izcteg cg Cx}emiCx}edoc' Oe ankste usc xnksc scx}te sg hnhoi mc zi}cghne xcghnooi2
Oex higmnhnigcx cg heme zsg}i xig oe usc xc ngmnheg2
Zsg}i Sdnhehnøg Ztcxnøg ]c`zcte}ste i
Heonmem
5 Xeonme mc oe heomcte 4': @Ze 8:: ²H
4 Cg}teme mc oe }stdnge 5' > @Ze 4>: ²H
8 Xeonme mc oe }stdnge ~ cg}teme mco
higmcgxemit
53 lZe >:#
= Xeonme mco higmcgxemit ~ cg}teme mc oe
di`de
5= lZe =3 ²H
3 Xeonme mc oe di`de ~ cg}teme e oe
heomcte
- -
]tedebi mc cg}teme e oe Di`de zit sgnmem mc `exe0 = Lb)lk
Qezit Xid'
Heomcte
Higmcgxemit
Di`de
higm
heo
8 =
5
3
5U4 Oàu' Hi`z'
[D
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4
`crho
Onu'
Hi`z'
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Mc}ct`ngc oex xnksncg}cx heg}nmemcx zit lnoikte`i usc aos~c e }teqîx mco cusnzi2
E. ]tegxactcghne mc heoit cg oe }sdctàe cg}tc oe heomcte ~ oe }stdnge &u}sdc.'D. ]tedebi mc oe }stdnge &{}std.H. ]tegxactcghne mc heoit cg co higmcgxemit &uhigm.M. ]tegxactcghne mc heoit cg oe heomcte &uheom.'
Zet}c E
]i`c`ix hi`i qios`cg mc hig}tio/ sgi usc nghos~e xioe`cg}c oe }sdctàe usc qe mc oeheomcte e oe }stdnge2
Ezonusc`ix oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ zete sg ztihcxi cg Cx}emi Cx}edoc2
U , `&fcg} , Qcg}4 )4kh , Rcg}"k)kh. - `&fxeo , Qxeo
4 )4kh , Rxeo"k)kh . ‘ [ 0 :
Higxnmctehnigcx 2
Mcxztchnetc`ix oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo' 4. Cg sge }sdctàe gi fe~}tedebi mnx}ng}i eo }tedebi mc aosbi/ exà usc2
U}sdc 0 `&fxeo -fcg}.
Hi`i oe `exe usc hnthsoe zit oe `åusnge cx mcxhigihnme/ zimc`ix heohsoet co heoit zitsgnmem mc `exe/ zexegmi e mnqnmnt oe `exe eo `nc`dti nrusnctmi2
U}sdc )` 0 fcg} - fxeo 0000u}sdc 0 f4-f5
Zit oex }edoex mc qezit2
f5 08:48'3 lB)lk ~ f4 08::4'3 lB)lkXsx}n}s~cgmi2
u}sdc 0 &8::4'3-8:48'3. lB)lk 00-45': lB)lk &Tcxz'.
Zet}c D Co }tedebi mc oe }stdnge xc id}cgmtå }i`egmi sg qios`cg mc hig}tio usc xioi ngqioshtc
oe }stdnge &xc`cbeg}c eo hexi eg}ctnit. ~ ezonhegmi oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~/ cg cx}emicx}edoc2
U , `&fcg} , Qcg}4 )4kh , Rcg}"k)kh. - `&fxeo , Qxeo
4 )4kh , Rxeo"k)kh . ‘ [ 0 :
4
5
Qios`cg mc hig}tio
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Higxnmctehnigcx 2Mcxztchnetc`ix oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo' 4. Co heoit cg sge }stdnge/kcgcteo`cg}c/ cx mcxztchnedoc' Exà usc2
[}std 0 `&fcg} -fxeo.
Hi`i oe `exe usc hnthsoe zit oe `åusnge cx mcxhigihnme/ zimc`ix heohsoet co }tedebi
zit sgnmem mc `exe/ zexegmi e mnqnmnt oe `exe eo `nc`dti nrusnctmi2[}std ) ` 0 fcg} -fxeo 0 {}std 0 f4 ‘ f8
Oex cg}eozàe xc id}ncgcg mc oe xnksncg}c `egcte2Zete co cx}emi 8/ zit xct `crhoe2
f80&441':, :'>"48;8'5. lB)Lk 04815'6 Lb)lk
{}std 0 f4 ‘ f80 &8::4'3-4815'6. lB)Lk 0 1=:'; lB)Lk &Tcxz'.
Zet}c H]i`c`ix hi`i qios`cg mc hig}tio/ sgi usc nghos~e xioe`cg}c eo higmcgxemit ~
ezonusc`ix oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ zete sg ztihcxi cg Cx}emi Cx}edoc2
U , `&fcg} , Qcg}4 )4kh , Rcg}"k)kh. - `&fxeo , Qxeo
4 )4kh , Rxeo"k)kh . ‘ [0:
Higxnmctehnigcx 2
Mcxztchnetc`ix oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo' 4. Cg sg higmcgxemit gi fe~}tedebi mnx}ng}i eo }tedebi mc aosbi/ exà usc2
Uhigm
0 `&fxeo
-fcg}
.
Hi`i oe `exe usc hnthsoe zit oe `åusnge cx mcxhigihnme/ zimc`ix heohsoet co heoitzit sgnmem mc `exe/ zexegmi e mnqnmnt oe `exe eo `nc`dti nrusnctmi2
Uhigm )` 0 fcg} - fxeo 0000 uhigm 0 f=-f8
Zete co cx}emi =/ zit xct oàusnmi hi`ztn`nmi/ xc zscmc eztivn`et e sg oàusnmi xe}stemi e oe`nx`e }c`zcte}ste &=3 ²H.2
f= 0 fa J=3 ²H0566'3 lB)Lk
Xsx}n}s~cgmi2uhigm 0 &566'3-4815'6. lB)lk 00-4815'6 lB)lk &Tcxz'.
Zet}c M Zete heohsoet co heoit cg oe heomcte/ higxnmctc`ix sg qios`cg mc hig}tio usc nghos~exioe`cg}c e cx}c cusnzi ~ ezonusc`ix oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ cg Cx}emi Cx}edoc2
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U , `&fcg} , Qcg}
4 )4kh , Rcg}"k)kh. - `&fxeo , Qxeo4 )4kh , Rxeo"k)kh . -[ 0 :
Higxnmctehnigcx 2Mcxztchnetc`ix oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo' 4. Co }tedebi cg cx}c cusnzi cx
gsoi'Exà usc2
Uheom 0 ` &fxeo - fcg}.Eo nkseo usc cg co hexi eg}ctnit2
Uheom ) ` 0 fxeo ‘ fcg} 0000 uheom 0 f5 ‘ f3
Cg cx}e òo}n`e chsehnøg ‟f3‐ cx mcxhigihnme/ zit oi usc oe `nx`e xc id}cgmtå }i`egmihi`i qios`cg mc hig}tio sgi usc ngqioshtc xioe`cg}c e oe di`de ~ ezonhegmi oe chsehnøg mcZtn`cte Oc~ cg cx}emi cx}edoc' Hig oex `nx`ex higxnmctehnigcx usc zete co hexi mc oe}stdnge2
[di`de 0 fcg} -fxeo 0 {di`de 0 f= ‘ f3
Mcxzcbegmi ‟f3‐2 f30 f= ‘ {di`de
Xsx}n}s~cgmi2f30 566'3 ‘ &-=. lB)lk 0 5>4'3 lB)lk
Cg}ighcx2uheom 0&8:48'3-5>4'3. lB)lk 04685 lB)Lk &Tcxz'.
CBC@ZIX MC XNX]C@E MC HETKE ^ MCXHETKE2
5-' Cg co mndsbi usc xc `scx}te co hnongmti mc sg cocqemit asghnige hig qezit' Oe `exe mcoznx}øg ~ xs hetke cbcthcg sge ztcxnøg higx}eg}c mc =: zxne' Ngnhneo`cg}c co hnongmti cx}åqehài ~ co znx}øg mcxhegxe cg oix }izcx hi`i xc qc cg oe ankste' Eo hnongmti/ usc cx}å dncgenxoemi }ît`nhe`cg}c/ xc oc ng}timshc qezit mc sge heomcte e 5:: zxne ~ =:: ºA' ¹Hsåg}exondtex mc qezit xc mcdcg eon`cg}et zete ngnhnet co exhcgxi9
5 Znc Hòdnhi
Qezit mc cg}teme
Qios`cg mc
hig}tio
HETKE
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XIOSHNØG2]nzi mc Ztihcxi2 Cx}emi Ngcx}edoc
Cmi' Cg}teme Cmi' Xeonme Cmi'Ngnhneo Cmi' Angeo
Z cg} 05:: Zxne Gi Cvnx}c Gi cvnx}c Z 4 0=: Zxne ]cg}0 =:: ºA &Qehài. Q4 05 znc8 `c 09
Ezonhegmi oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ &mcxztchnegmi oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~zi}cghneo./ zete co qios`cg mc hig}tio ngmnhemi2
U , `c"fc ‘ `x"fx ‘ [ 0 &`4"s4 ‘`5"s5. Cgct qio' Hig}tio
Higxnmctehnigcx2-' Oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo xc mcxztchneg/ ~e usc gi fe~
ngait`ehnøg eo tcxzch}i'-' Zit cx}et enxoemi }ît`nhe`cg}c2 U0:-' Cg co `i`cg}i usc hi`ncgre e ocqeg}etxc gi xc fe ztimshnmi gngkòg he`dni mc
qios`cg zit oi usc2 [0:-' Zit gi fedct gngksge xeonme mc `exe2 `x 0:
`c"fc0 `4"s4
Ezonhegmi co Ztnghnzni mc Higxctqehnøg mc oe `exe2`c ‘ `x 0&`4 ‘ `5. `exe cg qio' Hig}tio
Higxnmctehnigcx2-' Zit cx}et ngnhneo`cg}c qehài2 `50:-' Zit gi }cgct gngksge xeonme mc `exe2 `x0:
Exà usc2 `c 0 `4/ cg}ighcx2
fc 0 s4
Cx}c egåonxnx/ oocqe e highosnt/ usc oi usc gix znmcg cx oe `exe usc cg}te eo hnongmti hsegmi oeztcxnøg cx =: zxne< zcti }imeqàe zete cxc `i`cg}i co qios`cg ihszemi zit co qezit cx 5 znchòdnhi' Exà usc oi ògnhi usc fehc aeo}e cx id}cgct co qios`cg cxzchàanhi angeo/ zete ezonhet oeaøt`soe2 `4 0 Q4 ) 4< zete oi hseo }cgc`ix usc mcangnt ztcqne`cg}c co cx}emi angeo cg cohnongmti'
Dsxhegmi oe ‟fc‐ e 5:: zxne ~ =:: ºA&qezit xidtcheocg}emi. xc id}ncgc 544;'3 D}s)Od`'
Mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio
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Efite xc higihcg mix ztizncmemcx mco cx}emi angeo cg co hnongmti Z 40=: zxne ~ s40 544;'3D}s)Od`' Xn oe }edoe usc sx}cm zixcc ezetchc }edsoeme oe ‟s‐ xioi }ncgc usc id}cgct cg cxe}edoe co qios`cg cxzchàanhi/ zixndoc`cg}c zit ng}ctzioehnøg'
Cg co hexi hig}tetni/ xn gi ezetchc }edsoeme oe ‟s‐/ xc zet}c mco fchfi usc oe f4 7 s4 &~e uscf 0 s , z"./ zit oi }eg}i xc zscmc dsxhet sge xioshnøg/ ‟hi`zoc}egmi‐ oe }edoe/ heohsoegmi
qeoitcx mc tcactcghne mc ‟s‐ zete sge ztcxnøg mc =: Zxne/ cg}eozàex `e~itcx usc 544;'3D}s)Od` ~ e }c`zcte}ste xszctnitcx e =:: A/ ~e usc oe }c`zcte}ste mcg}ti mc sg tchnzncg}cenxoemi }ît`nhe`cg}c/ }ct`nge xncgmi `e~it e oe mc oe cg}teme' Zix}ctnit`cg}c fedtå uscng}ctzioetxc cg}tc oex ‟s‐ heohsoemex zete id}cgct co qios`cg cxzchàanhi dsxhemi' Cg cx}chexi co qios`cg cxzchàanhi cx}å hi`ztcgmnmi cg}tc2 53'163 Znc¸)Od` &s0545;'8 D}s)Od`. ~5;'5>1 Znc¸ )Od` &s05433'5 D}s)Od`.' Cach}segmi oe ng}ctzioehnøg &qct egcvi. zete co qeoitmc cgctkàe ng}ctge angeo mco xnx}c`e &544;'3 D}s)Od`. xc id}ncgc2
xnx 0 51' :> znc¸ )Od`/ ~ oe exe zcmnme xctå2`c0`4 0 5 znc¸)51':> znc¸)Od` 0:':14 Od` &Tcxz'.
NG]CTZIOEHNIG MCO QIOS@CG CXZCHNANHI ANGEO
Cg co hexi cg usc cg oe ]edoe gi ezetchc }edsoeme oe ‟s‐/ xc zet}c mco fchfi usc oe f4 7 s4 &~e usc f 0 s , z"./ zit oi }eg}i xc zscmc dsxhet sge xioshnøg/ ‟hi`zoc}egmi‐ oe }edoe/heohsoegmi qeoitcx mc tcactcghne mc ‟s‐ zete oe ztcxnøg mc =: Zxne/ cg}eozàex `e~itcx usc
544;'3 D}s)Od` ~ e }c`zcte}ste xszctnitcx e =:: A/ ~e usc co hig}cgnmi mc sg tchnzncg}cenxoemi }ît`nhe`cg}c/ }ct`nge }cgncgmi sge }c`zcte}ste xszctnit e oe mc oe cg}teme'Zix}ctnit`cg}c fedtå usc ng}ctzioetxc cg}tc oex ‟s‐ heohsoemex zete id}cgct co qios`cgcxzchàanhi dsxhemi'Cg oe ]edoe mc qezit xidtcheocg}emi xc zscmc cv}tect oe ngait`ehnøg mc oex }tcx ztn`ctex
hios`gex2
E =: Zxne2
]c`zcte}ste&A.
f &D}s)od`. Q &znc8)Od`. S 0f-z" &D}s)od`.&heohsoeme zit Oe aøt`soe.
==: 5433'6 58'4=8 553;'63:: 546='> 5='51= 556:'51:: 5888'5 53'163 545;'8;:: 5864'= 5;'5>1 5433'5
Cg cx}e }edoe xc fehc cqnmcg}c usc co qios`cg cxzchàanhi mco xnx}c`e cx}å hi`ztcgmnmicg}tc 53'163 Znc8 )Od` &545;'8 D}s)Od`. ~ 5;'5>1 Znc8 )Od` &5433'5 D}s)Od`.' Zit oi }eg}imcdc`ix zoeg}cet oe xnksncg}c ng}ctzioehnøg2
s & D}s)Od`. &znc8)Od`.
545;'8 53'163544;'3 V
5433'5 5;'5>1
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Tcxioqncgmi2
051':> znc8)Od`
4-' Sg tchnzncg}c e ztcxnøg mc 5: znc8 mc qios`cg hig}ncgc oàusnmi ~ qezit mc Atcøg-54 e 6:
ºA' Co tchnzncg}c hig}ncgc ngnhneo`cg}c 3:# mc qezit cg qios`cg' Oàusnmi xc cv}tec zit coaigmi mco }egusc ~ xc }tegx`n}c heoit eo }egusc/ eo ang mc `eg}cgct oe }c`zcte}ste higx}eg}c'Mc}ct`nget oe }tegx`nxnøg mc heoit eo }egusc hsegmi oe `n}em mc oe `exe ngnhneo fe xnmicv}teàme mco tchnzncg}c'
XIOSHNØG2
]nzi mc Ztihcxi2 Cx}emi Ngcx}edoc Me}ix2
Cmi' Cg}teme Cmi' Xeonme Cmi'Ngnhneo Cmi' AngeoGi Cvnx}c Oàusnmi Xe}stemi Q505: znc¸ Q405: znc¸
] xeo 06: ºA ] 506: ºA 4 0` 5)4 `c 0`5 )4 QO50:'3"Q503 znc¸ ]40 6: ºA
Qq50:'3"Q503 znc¸
Ezonhegmi oe Chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ &mcxztchnegmi oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~
zi}cghneo./ zete co qios`cg mc hig}tio ngmnhemi2U , `c"fc ‘ [ - `x"fx 0 &`4"s4 ‘`5"s5. Cgct qio' Hig}tio
Higxnmctehnigcx2-' Zit gi fedct iqn`ncg}i eoksgi/ e cvhczhnøg eo mco aosnmi2 [0:-' Zit gi fedct gngksge cg}teme mc `exe2 `c 0:'
Oe chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ uscme hi`i xnksc2U 0 &`4"s4 ‘ `5"s5. , `x"fx
Qezit
Oàusnmi
Qios`cg
mc
hig}tio
Oex ‟s‐ xc heohsoeg
exà2sa 0 fa ‘ Z"qa ":'563
sk 0 fk ‘ Z"qk":'563
Mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio
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Ezonhegmi co Ztnghnzni mc Higxctqehnøg mc oe `exe2
`c ‘ `x 0 &`4 ‘ `5. `exe cg qio' Hig}tio
Higxnmctehnøg2-' Zit gi }cgct gngksge cg}teme mc `exe2 `c0:
Exà usc2 `x 0&`5 ‘ `4.
Co cmi' Ngnhneo cx mc `crhoe zit oi }eg}i xs cgctkàe ng}ctge xctå2
s5 0 sa5 , v5"sak5/ zcti oe heonmem xc id}ncgc hi`i xnksc2
`Onu50 &3 znc¸.) &:':544;; znc¸)Od`.0 =:;'4; Od`'`qez50 &3 znc¸.) &:'=5583 znc¸ )Od`. 0 54'51 Od``xnx50=5>'=8 Od`'
Tchitmc`ix usc2
V5 0`q5 )`xnx5
V5 0 54'51 Od`)&=:;'4; , 54'51. Od` 0 :':8
s5 0 &41'5= , :':8"35'14.D}s)Od`0 4;'1> D}s)Od`
Zete co cmi angeo2`xnx40 =5>'=8 Od`)4 0 4:>';4 Od`
qxnx405: znc¸)4:>';4 Od` 0 :':=;16 znc¸ )Od`
Hig cx}c qios`cg cxzchnanhi ~ oe }c`zcte}ste angeo mc 6: A xc mc}ct`nge usc co cx}emi cx‟`crhoe‐' Cg}ighcx2
V40&qxnx4-qa4.)qak40\&:':=>33-:':544;;.znc¸)Od`P):'8>>:;znc¸)Od`v4 0 :':>
s4 0 &41'5= , :':>"35'14.D}s)Od` 0 8:';> D}s)Od`
Oe cg}eozàe mc xeonme xc dsxhe 6: ºA/ hi`i oàusnmi xe}stemi2fx 0 41'813 D}s)Od`
Xsx}n}s~cgmi angeo`cg}c2U0 \4:>';4"8:'>=-=5>'=8"4;'1>,4:>';4"41'813P D}s08;4'38 D}s &Tcxz'.
8. Zit sge }sdctàe aos~c qezit e :'6: @zexheo ~ 43: ²H' Mc sge oàgce/ co qezit zexe e sge}stdnge/ ~ co qezit eki}emi cg}te e sge hå`ete mc 46'8 ` 8' Ngnhneo`cg}c oe hå`ete cx}å qehàe~ oe }stdnge zscmc izctet fex}e usc oe ztcxnøg cg oe hå`ete xce :'6: @zexheo' Cg cx}c
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zsg}i/ oe }c`zcte}ste mco qezit cx 8:: ²H' Xszigke co ztihcxi hi`zoc}i emnedå}nhi'Mc}ct`ngc co }tedebi mcxettiooemi zit oe }stdnge'
XIOSHNØG2]nzi mc Ztihcxi2 Cx}emi Ngcx}edoc Me}ix2
Cmi' Cg}teme Cmi' Xeonme Cmi'Ngnhneo Cmi' AngeoZc 0:'6: @Ze Gi Cvnx}c Gi cvnx}c Z40:'6 @ze
]c 043: ²H &Qehài. Q 4 046'8 ` 8 ]408:: ²H
[ 09
Ezonhegmi oe Chsehnøg mc Ztn`cte Oc~ zete sg ztihcxi cg Cx}emi Ngcx}edoc/ zete co qios`cg
mc hig}tio ngmnhemi2
U , `c &fc,Qc4 )4kh, Rc"k)kh. - `x &fx, Qx4,Rx"k)kh. - [0 &`4"s4 - `5"s5.
Higxnmctehnigcx2
-' Oix }ît`ngix mc cgctkàe hngî}nhe ~ zi}cghneo xig mcxztchnedocx/ ~e usc gi fe~
ngait`ehnøg eo tcxzch}i'
-' Zit xct co ztihcxi emnedå}nhi2 U0:
-' Zit gi fedct gngksge xeonme mc `exe2 `x0:
Mcg}ti mco qios`cg mc hig}tio
Hå`ete
Q046'8 `8
Qios`cg mcHig}tio
[ &}tedebi.
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-' Zit cx}et qehài ngnhneo`cg}c2 `50:
]i`egmi cg hscg}e cx}ex higxnmctehnigcx/ oe chsehnøg mc ztn`cte oc~ xc higqnct}c cg2
`c"fc ‘ [ 0 `4"s4
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>. Heohsoc co heoit gchcxetni usc fe~ usc xs`ngnx}tetoc e sge hittncg}c mc 5'3 Lk)xck mcekse oàusnme usc xc heoncg}e e ztcxnøg higx}eg}c mc 3 @Ze e sg ng}cthe`dnemit mc heoitmc =: ²H e 1: ²H/ zete oi hseo s}nonhc2e. Oex ]edoex mc Qezit'd. Oex }edoex mc heoitcx cxzchàanhix exs`ncgmi usc co ekse xc hi`zit}e hi`i sg aosnmi
nghi`ztcxndoc'h. Hi`zetc e`dix tcxso}emix ~ hi`cg}c'
5:.Sge ‟di`de heoitn`î}tnhe‐/ cx sg tchnzncg}c xcooemi/ usc xc sxe zete `cmnt oe cgctkàeondcteme zit hnct}e tcehhnøg usà`nhe' Cx}e ‟di`de‐ usc hig}ncgc ngnhneo`cg}cmc}ct`ngemix ztimsh}ix usà`nhix/ cx hioiheme mcg}ti mc sg kteg tchnzncg}c hig ekse'Hsegmi oix usà`nhix tcehhnigeg/ heoit cx }tegxactnmi mc oe di`de eo ekse es`cg}egmi oe}c`zcte}ste mc îx}e' Xc sxe sg ekn}emit coîh}tnhi zete fehct hnthsoet co ekse/ ~ oezi}cghne usc n`zsoxe co cbc usc `scqc co ekn}emit cx :':3 l[' Cg sg zctàimi mc 43`ngs}ix/ co heoit }tegxactnmi mc oe di`de eo ekse cx 5=:: lBiso ~ co heoit }tegxactnmi mcoekse eo entc mc oix eotcmcmitcx cx ;: lBiso' Exs`ncgmi usc co ekse/ gi xc cqezitemc}ct`ngc co he`dni mc oe cgctkàe ng}ctge }i}eo mco ekse msteg}c cx}c zctàimi mc }nc`zi'
55.Higxnmctc co tchnzncg}c enxoemi usc xc `scx}te cg oe ankste' Cx}c cgqexc }ncgc sghi`zet}n`ncg}i qehài xczetemi zit sge `c`dtege mc sg xcksgmi hi`zet}n`ncg}i uschig}ncgc 5 lk mc ekse e 13 H ~/ ;:: lZe' Oe `c`dtege xc ti`zc ~ co ekse xc cvzegmcoocgegmi }imi co tchnzncg}c/ hig sge ztcxnøg tcxso}eg}c mc 53 lZe' Mc}ct`ngc oe}c`zcte}ste angeo mco ekse ~ co qios`cg }i}eo mco tchnzncg}c'
54.Sg kex nmceo cx heocg}emi mcxmc 3:: L e 5::: L' Heohsoc co he`dni mc cg}eozàe zitLnoikte`i exs`ncgmi2 e. Heoit cxzchàanhi higx}eg}c' d. Sxegmi heoit cxzchàanhi zti`cmnimc oex }edoex mc kexcx nmceocx' h. Ng}cktegmi oex cvztcxnigcx egeoà}nhex mc heoitcxcxzchàanhix cg asghnøg mc oe }c`zcte}ste' \Tcxscoqe zete oix kexcx2 Mnøvnmi mc Hetdigi&H:4. ~ Fconi &Fc.P'
58.Sg hnongmti hig}ncgc :'= Lk mc qezit mc ekse xe}stemi e 55: H' Cg cx}c cx}emi co tcxit}cxioi }ihe eo znx}øg xng cbcthct asctre eoksge xidtc co `nx`i' Heoit cx }tegxactnmi eo eksehesxegmi usc co znx}øg xc cocqc/ ~ msteg}c cx}c ztihcxi oe asctre mco tcxit}c cxztizithnigeo eo mcxzoere`ncg}i mco î`dioi/ hig sge higx}eg}c mco tcxit}c mc 3:lGc{}ig)`' Oe xchhnøg }tegxqctxeo mco znx}øg cx :':3 `4' e. Mc}ct`ngc oe }c`zcte}ste cgco hnongmti hsegmi oe ztcxnøg mcg}ti mco hnongmti cx mc 8:: lZe' d. Heohsoc co heoit}tegxactnmi msteg}c cx}c ztihcxi'
Ekse Qehài
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5=.Sg hi`ztcxit/ usc cx `iqnmi zit sge kteg }stdnge/ tchndc entc mco e`dncg}c e >3 lZe/ 4:H/ hig debe qcoihnmem' Co hi`ztcxit mcxhetke co entc e 86: lZe/ 86: H/ hig sgeqcoihnmem mc 55: `)xck' Oe zi}cghne mc cg}teme mco hi`ztcxit cx 3::: L[' Mc}ct`ngc coaosbi mc `exe usc hnthsoe e }teqîx mco hi`ztcxit'
53.Higxnmctc sge heomcte usc tchndc oàusnmi hi`ztn`nmi e 5: @Ze/ 8: H e }teqîx mc sge}sdctàe mc 8: ` mc mnå`c}ti e terøg mc 8 on}tix)xck' Qezit xe}stemi xeoc mc oe heomctezit sge }sdctàe mco `nx`i mnå`c}ti e sge ztcxnøg mc > @Ze' Heohsoc oe qcoihnmem mc oe}tegxactcghne mc heoit eo ekse'
51.Sg }egusc tàknmi mc :'5 `8 hig}ncgc ngnhneo`cg}c qezit mc ekse xe}stemi e 54: ²H' Co}egusc cx higch}emi zit `cmni mc sge qåoqsoe e sge oàgce mc eon`cg}ehnøg usc higmshcqezit e 5 @ze ~ 8:: ²H' Mcxzsîx cx ednct}e oe qåoqsoe ~ co qezit cg}te eo }egusc' Oe}tegxactcghne mc heoit xc oocqe e hedi hig oix eotcmcmitcx mc `egcte usc oe }c`zcte}stecg co }egusc zct`egchc higx}eg}c cg 54: ²H }imi co }nc`zi' Oe qåoqsoe xc hnctte hsegmixc idxctqe usc oe `n}em mco qios`cg mco }egusc cx ihszeme zit ekse oàusnme' Mc}ct`ngce. Oe ztcxnøg angeo cg co }egusc' d. Oe heg}nmem mc qezit usc fe cg}temi cg co `nx`i' h.Oe heg}nmem mc }tegxactcghne mc heoit'
5;.Sg }egusc enxoemi }ît`nhe`cg}c mc 5 `8 hig}ncgc mc entc e 4: H/ 3:: lZe' Co }egusc xc
higch}e zit sge qåoqsoe e sge oàgce zit migmc aos~c entc e 4 @Ze/ 4: H' Oe qåoqsoe xcedtc ~ cg}te `åx entc eo }egusc fex}e usc oe ztcxnøg mcg}ti mco `nx`i cx 5'3 @ze/ cgcx}c `i`cg}i xc hnctte oe qåoqsoe' ¹Hsåo cx oe }c`zcte}ste mcg}ti mco }egusc cg co`i`cg}i usc xc hnctte oe qåoqsoe9
56.Xc cx}tegksoe qezit mc 3:: Zxne ~ 6:: A fex}e sge ztcxnøg mc 8:: Zxne' Xc ztcksg}e¹Hsåo cx oe }c`zcte}ste angeo9 ¹Usî qeoit oc hittcxzigmc eo Hicanhncg}c mc Bisoc-]fi`xig cg cx}c ztihcxi9 ¹ Xc ztimshc higmcgxehnøg zethneo mc cx}cqezit9'&Tcxscoqe sxegmi co Mnekte`e mc @ioonct.
5>. Co HNHOI TCKCGCTE]NQI/ cx sg hnhoi mc zi}cghne usc s}nonre co ztcheocg}e`ncg}i mcoekse mc eon`cg}ehnøg e oe heomcte/ zete oi hseo xc cv}tec hnct}e heg}nmem mc qezit uschnthsoe e }teqîx mc oe }stdnge' Hig cx}i xc oikte nghtc`cg}et co tcgmn`ncg}i i oe canhncghnemco hnhoi' Cg oe xnksncg}c ankste xc `scx}te sg hnhoi mc cx}c }nzi hig sg
Ekse
&Xnx}.
Tcxit}c
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ZTCHEOCG]EMIT EDNCT]I I MC HIG]EH]I MNTCH]I/ mcgi`ngemi exà zitusc coekse oàusnme ztiqcgncg}c mco higmcgxemit xc `crhoe mntch}e`cg}c hig co qezit' Cg oeankste xc `scx}teg oix cx}emix }àznhix mc izctehnøg ~ cg oe xnksncg}c }edoe oex higmnhnigcxcxzchàanhex zete cx}c cbcthnhni2
Zsg}i Sdnhehnøg Higmnhnigcx Cg}eozàe&f . Cx}emi
5 Xeonme mco higmcgxemit ~
cg}teme e oe di`de5'
5: lZe 5>5'68 lB)lk Onu' Xe}stemi
4 Xeonme mc oe di`de 5 ~
cg}teme eo ztcheocg}emit
ednct}i
5'4 @Ze/ =1'5: ²H 5>8':8 lB)lk Oàusnmi
hi`ztn`nmi
8 Xeonme mc ztcheocg}emit ~
cg}teme e oe di`de 4
5'4 @Ze ;>6'13 lB)lk Oàusnmi
xe}stemi
= Xeonme mc oe di`de 4 ~
cg}teme e oe heomcte
53 @Ze/ 5>5'34 ²H 65='8; lB)lk Oàusnmi
hi`ztn`nmi
3 Xeonme mc oe heomcte ~
cg}teme e oe }stdnge
53 @Ze/ 1:: ²H 8364'8 lB)lk Qezit
xidtcheocg}emi
1 Cv}tehhnøg mc Qezit mc
oe }stdnge
5'4 @Ze/ 456'8 ²H 463>'3 lB)lk Qezit
xidtcheocg}emi
; Xeonme mc oe }stdnge ~
cg}teme eo higmcgxemit
5: lZe/ V0:'6:= 4553'1 lB)lk @crhoe
Xn xszigc`ix usc e oe }stdnge cg}teg 5 Lk)ft/ mc}ct`ngc2
e. Oe heg}nmem mc qezit mc cv}tehhnøg usc xc mcdc }i`et mc oe }stdnge zete keteg}nret
usc oex higmnhnigcx mc cg}teme e oe heomcte xceg oex cxzchnanhemex cg oe }edoe eg}ctnit'
d. Co }tedebi mc cg}teme mc e`dex di`dex'h. Co }tedebi }i}eo mc oe }stdnge'
m. Co heoit xs`ngnx}temi cg oe heomcte'
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Ztidoc`ex xskctnmix cg co Xnx}c`e Ngkoîx2 mc ]ct`imngå`nhe Zit Qeg [~ocg &Hezn}soi(3.3';-3'6- 3'54-3'5=-3'5>-3'4:-3'48-3'4=-3'88-3'=3-3'=;-3'3:- 3'3='
Heomcte
]stdnge
Heocg}emit
Ednct}i Higmcg''
Di`de 4 Di`de 5
Zi}cghne
Qezit Xidtcheocg}emi
Qezit Xidt' @crhoe
Onu' Xe}'
Onu' Hi`z'
Onu' Xe}'
Onu' Hi`z'
Uxeo
`3
`1
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='; TCACTCGHNEX DNDONIKTEANHEX
Ëcgkco/ ^sgsx E' ! Diocx/ @nhfeco E' ]ct`imngå`nhe ' Cmn}itneo @hKte{-Fnoo' Hset}e
Cmnhnøg' @îvnhi' 4::8' 64> zåkx'
Oøzcr Etegki/ Mncki' ]ct`imngå`nhe ' Cmn}itneo Cxhscoe Hioi`dnege mc Ngkcgnctàe'Xcksgme Cmnhnøg' Hioi`dne' 5>>>' =43 zåkx'
Qeg [~ocg/ Kitmig B' ! Xigg}ek/ Tnhfetm C' Asgme`cg}ix mc ]ct`imngå`nhe '
Cmn}itneo On`sxe' @îvnhi' 5>>:' ;83 zåkx'
[etl/ Lcggc}f ! Tnhfetmx/ Migeom C' ]ct`imngå`nhe ' Cmn}itneo @hKte{-Fnoo' Xcv}e
Cmnhnøg' @îvnhi' 4::=' 5:=6 zåkx'