Prácticas Incluyentes y Excluyentes en La Clase de E F

download Prácticas Incluyentes y Excluyentes en La Clase de E F

of 8

Transcript of Prácticas Incluyentes y Excluyentes en La Clase de E F

  • Revista Educacin Fsica y Deporte, n. 32-2, 2013, Funmbulos Editores 1433

    Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica1

    Inclusive and exclusive practices in Physical Education class

    Julin Eduardo Betancur Agudelo2

    Recepcin: 01-05-2013 / Modificacin: 20-08-2013 / Aceptacin: 10-10-2013

    1 Investigacin realizada por el Grupo de investigacin Mundos Simblicos: Estudios en Motricidad y Educacin de la Universidad de Caldas (Colombia).

    2 Licenciado en Educacin Bsica con nfasis en Educacin Fsica, Recreacin y Deporte; Magster en Educacin. Docente ocasional del Departamento de Estudios Educativos. Profesor de la Universidad de Caldas (Colombia), [email protected]

    Cmo citar este artculo: Betancur A. Julin E. (2013). Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica. En: Revista Educacin fsica y deporte. Vol. 32-2 p.1433-1440

    Resumen

    (VWHSURFHVRVXUJHGHODVREVHUYDFLRQHVGHODVFODVHVGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDHQGRQGHVHLGHQWL-FDURQFLHUWDVSUiFWLFDVTXHJHQHUDQLQFOXVLyQ\H[FOXVLyQ DVXPLHQGRHVWDVSRU IXHUDGH ORVUHGXFFLRQLVPRVGHGRQGHVHKDFRQFHELGRSDUDODV SHUVRQDV HQ VLWXDFLyQ GH GLVFDSDFLGDG \SRQLHQGRDGLVFXVLyQXQDWHRUtDVXVWDQWLYDTXHHPHUJHGHODVUHDOLGDGHVGHODVFODVHVGHHGXFD-FLyQItVLFDHQFXDQWRDODVSUiFWLFDVLQFOX\HQWHV\H[FOX\HQWHVGHVGHXQDPHWRGRORJtDGHWHRUtDIXQGDGDEDVDGDHQODFRPSOHPHQWDULHGDG

    Palabras clave: LQFOXVLyQH[FOXVLyQSUiFWLFDVSHGDJyJLFDVHGXFDFLyQItVLFD

    Abstract

    7KLVSURFHVVDULVHVIURPWKHREVHUYDWLRQVRIWKHphysical education classes in which practices that FUHDWHLQFOXVLRQDQGH[FOXVLRQZKHUHLGHQWLHG$VVXPLQJWKHVHSURFHGXUHVRXWVLGHRIWKHUHGXF-WLRQLVPGHVLJQHGIRUSHRSOHZLWKGLVDELOLWLHVDQGPDNLQJDGLVFXVVLRQDERXWDVXEVWDQWLYHWKHRU\ZKLFKHPHUJHVIURPUHDOLWLHVRISK\VLFDOHGXFD-WLRQFODVVHVLQWHUPVRILQFOXVLYHDQGH[FOXVLYH

    SUDFWLFHVIURPDJURXQGHGWKHRU\PHWKRGRORJ\EDVHGRQFRPSOHPHQWDULW\

    Keywords: ,QFOXVLRQ([FOXVLRQ3HGDJRJLFDOPractices, Physical Education

    Aporte principal

    (O DSRUWH SULQFLSDO GH HVWD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ IXHFRQVWUXLU WHRUtD VXVWDQWLYD FRQ UHODFLyQ D ODVSUiFWLFDVLQFOX\HQWHV\H[FOX\HQWHVTXHVHGDQHQ OD FODVH GH HGXFDFLyQ ItVLFD VXSHUDQGR ODPLUDGDGH LQFOXVLyQTXH VH GDED VREUHSREOD-FLRQHVHQVLWXDFLyQGHYXOQHUDELOLGDGSREODFLyQHQ VLWXDFLyQ GH GLVFDSDFLGDG H LGHQWLFDQGRHOHPHQWRVTXHVXE\DFHQFRQODWHRUtDIRUPDO\FyPRHVWDV DSRUWDQ D OD FRQVROLGDFLyQGHXQDWHRUtDVXVWDQWLYD

    Objetivos

    General

    ,QWHUSUHWDUODVSUiFWLFDVLQFOX\HQWHV\H[FOX\HQ-WHVTXHVHGDQHQODFODVHGH(GXFDFLyQ)tVLFDHQFXDWURFROHJLRVGHODFLXGDGGH0DQL]DOHV

  • 1434 Instituto Universitario de Educacin Fsica-Universidad de Antioquia

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    Especficos

    ,GHQWLFDUODVSUiFWLFDVGHLQFOXVLyQ\RH[-FOXVLyQTXHVHGDQHQODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDHQFXDWURLQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVGHOD FLXGDG GH0DQL]DOHV &RORPELD SDUDFRQVWUXLU WHRUtDVREUH OD LQFOXVLyQH[FOX-VLyQ

    ,GHQWLFDUORVHOHPHQWRVTXHVXE\DFHQDODLQFOXVLyQ\ODH[FOXVLyQHQODWHRUtDIRUPDO

    &RPSDUDU OD WHRUtDVXVWDQWLYDTXHHPHUJHGH ODVUHDOLGDGHVREVHUYDGDVFRQ OD WHRUtDIRUPDO

    Contexto de la cuestin

    /R SULPHUR TXH VH GHEH HQWHQGHU VREUH HVWHSUREOHPDHVTXHODLQFOXVLyQ\ODH[FOXVLyQVRQIHQyPHQRVVRFLDOHVTXHVHKDQSUHVHQWDGRDORODUJRGHOWLHPSRHQODKLVWRULDGHODKXPDQLGDGpero debido a las tendencias neoliberales y JOREDOL]DQWHV VH KD YLVWR FRPRXQ IHQyPHQRGHPRGDTXHDIHFWDODVRFLHGDGGDGRTXHODVGLIHUHQWHVSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVSODQHVGHJRELHUQRH LQVWLWXFLRQHV \ RUJDQL]DFLRQHV SURPXHYHQXQD LQFOXVLyQFRPRLQWHJUDFLyQSRU ORTXHHVnecesario abordar estos procesos para posibilitar ODPDQHUDGHLQWHUYHQLU\UHRULHQWDUODVSUiFWLFDVSHGDJyJLFDVTXHVHGDQHQHOVHFWRUHGXFDWLYR

    3DUD FRPHQ]DU HV LPSRUWDQWH FRQVLGHUDU ODGLPHQVLyQKLVWyULFDGHODLQFOXVLyQH[FOXVLyQ\DTXHGHVGHHO LQLFLRGHORVWLHPSRVpVWHIH-QyPHQRVHSDUDD ODVSHUVRQDVTXHVHVDOHQGHODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVRPRGHORVGH QRUPDOLGDG\ORVURWXODFRPRGLIHUHQWHV6NOLDUWDOFRPR ORSODQWHD)RXFDXOW HQ +LVWRULDGH/RFXUD GRQGH ORV KRVSLWDOHV \ GLIHUHQWHVFHQWURVGHUHKDELOLWDFLyQHGXFDWLYDIRUPDEDQDQLYHOODERUDODSHUVRQDVFRPROHSURVRVSREUHV\ORFRVSDUDPDQWHQHUORVDGLVWDQFLDGHOUHVWRGHODVRFLHGDGQHJDQGRDHOORVODSRVLELOLGDGGHGHVDUUROOR\IRUPDFLyQFRPRLQGLYLGXRVVRFLDOHV

    6HSXHGHQRWDUTXHHQORV~OWLPRVDxRVRUJDQL-]DFLRQHVFRPROD81(6&2YLHQHQGLVFXWLHQGRHO WHPDGH OD H[FOXVLyQ LQFOXVLyQ\ VHSUR-PXHYHQ GHFODUDFLRQHV FRPR ODV GH7DLODQGLD

    \ 6DODPDQFD HQWUH RWUDV ODVFXDOHVEXVFDQJHQHUDULQFOXVLyQVRFLDOGHVGHORVHVFHQDULRVHGXFDWLYRVHQFDVRVHVSHFtFRVFRPRODVSREODFLRQHVHQVLWXDFLyQGHGLVFDSDFLGDGRYXOQHUDELOLGDGSRUGLIHUHQWHVVLWXDFLRQHV

    (VWH IHQyPHQR VRFLDO QR HV DMHQR D ORV GLIH-UHQWHV FRQWH[WRV HGXFDWLYRV /D H[FOXVLyQ VHKD FRQYHUWLGR HQ XQ WHPDPX\ LPSRUWDQWH HQHOORVSURPRYLHQGRHODXPHQWRGHODFREHUWXUD\HOLQJUHVRDODXODGHSHUVRQDVFRQGLIHUHQWHVSUREOHPiWLFDV HQ HO FDVR HVSHFtILFR HQ&R-ORPELDSHUVRQDVHQVLWXDFLyQGHGLVFDSDFLGDG\ SREODFLRQHV YXOQHUDEOHV FRPR ODV SHUVRQDVGHVSOD]DGDVSRUODYLROHQFLD

    /DLQFOXVLyQTXHVHUHHMDHQORVSODQHVGHFHQD-OHVSROtWLFDVHGXFDWLYDV\SUR\HFWRVHGXFDWLYRVinstitucionales, puede ser debatidaa causa de la SUHRFXSDFLyQSRUODDPSOLDFLyQGHFREHUWXUD\ODFDOLGDGGHODHGXFDFLyQSXHVGHDOOtVXUJHQORV LQWHUURJDQWHVDFHUFDGH ODSUHSDUDFLyQTXHGHEHQWHQHUORVFHQWURVHGXFDWLYRV\ODVSHUVRQDVDFDUJR\ORVSURFHVRVIRUPDWLYRVSDUDDFRJHUDHVWXGLDQWHVHQFRQGLFLRQHVGHYXOQHUDELOLGDG$GHPiVVHUiHVWHHO~QLFR WLSRGHH[FOXVLyQTXH H[LVWH GHQWUR GHO DXOD"/RV SURFHVRV LQ-FOX\HQWHV TXH VH JHQHUDQ HQ ODV LQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDV VHUiQ ORVPiV LQGLFDGRV"2 SRUHO FRQWUDULRVRQPiV H[FOX\HQWHV SRUTXH UR-WXODQ\FRQGLFLRQDQDDTXHOODVSHUVRQDVFRPRGLIHUHQWHV"

    $VtHQWRQFHVHVWHSUR\HFWRQDFLyGHORVLQWHUHVHVGHODSUiFWLFDSURIHVLRQDOGRFHQWHHQODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFD\DTXHGXUDQWHVXGHVDUUROORVHREVHUYDQGLIHUHQWHVPDQLIHVWDFLRQHVGHLQFOXVLyQ\H[FOXVLyQTXHVXUJHQGHPHWRGRORJtDV\WHPi-WLFDVTXHOOHYDQDORVHVWXGLDQWHVDFRPSDUWLU\SDUWLFLSDUGXUDQWHODFODVH

    6HSXHGHLQIHULUTXHHQVXPD\RUtDORVPRGHORVHGXFDWLYRVLQFOXVLYRVTXHDGRSWDHOVHFWRUHGX-FDWLYRSXHGHQVHUPiVH[FOX\HQWHVSXHVSRUORJHQHUDOVHREVHUYDDORVQLxRVFRQSDWRORJtDVRSUREOHPiWLFDVDOPDUJHQGXUDQWHHOGHVDUUROORGHXQDFODVHVLQSDUWLFLSDFLyQDFWLYDSXHVGHEHQKDFHU XQD FODVH SDUWLFXODU H LQGLYLGXDOL]DGDGRQGHQRUHFLEHQGHVXVFRPSDxHURVODVSRVL-ELOLGDGHVGHGHVDUUROORHLQWHUDFFLyQQLRIUHFHQD VXV FRPSDxHURV GHVGH VXV FDSDFLGDGHV ODSRVLELOLGDGGHGHVDUUROODUVHHQJUXSR

  • Revista Educacin Fsica y Deporte, n. 32-2, 1433-1440, 2013, Funmbulos Editores 1435

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    PRUWDOHVPRWLYRVVHKDFHQHFHVDULRHVWXGLDUHQSURIXQGLGDGHLGHQWLFDUFXiOHVVRQODVSUiFWL-FDVSHGDJyJLFDVTXH VHYXHOYHQ LQFOX\HQWHVRH[FOX\HQWHV HQ XQD FODVH GH HGXFDFLyQ ItVLFDSDUDUHFRQRFHUFyPRHPHUJHQ\DIHFWDQVXGH-VDUUROORGHGRQGHQRVVXUJHFRPRSUHJXQWDGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ

    &XiOHVVRQ\FyPRVHGHVDUUROODQODVSUiFWLFDVLQFOX\HQWHV \R H[FOX\HQWHV TXH VH GDQ HQ ODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDGHFXDWUR,QVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVGHODFLXGDGGH0DQL]DOHV"

    Informe del anlisis

    Revisin de antecedentes

    (OSULPHUHOHPHQWRGHDQiOLVLVGHODLQIRUPDFLyQIXHODE~VTXHGDGHDQWHFHGHQWHVLQYHVWLJDWLYRVGRQGHHQFRQWUDPRVORVVLJXLHQWHVHOHPHQWRV

    /DLQFOXVLyQVHSHUFLEHHQODJHQHUDOLGDGGHHVWXGLRVGHVGHODV1HFHVLGDGHV(GXFDWLYDV(VSHFLDOHVORTXHLPSOLFDXQDPLUDGDUHGXF-FLRQLVWDDFRQFHSWRGHLQFOXVLyQ

    (Q VXPD\RUtD SURPXHYHQ OD FUHDFLyQ GHSROtWLFDV S~EOLFDV R HO WUD]R GH FDPLQRVTXH SHUPLWDQ OD LQFOXVLyQ GH SREODFLRQHVYXOQHUDEOHVHQODVRFLHGDG\ODVGLIHUHQWHVLQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDV

    $OJXQRVEDVDGRVHQUHVXOWDGRVHVWDGtVWLFRVLQGLFDQTXpSDVDHQODVLQVWLWXFLRQHV\TXpWDQWRVHLQFOX\HRH[FOX\HDVXVHVWXGLDQWHV

    $OJXQRVHVWXGLRVLQGLFDQTXHODHGXFDFLyQItVLFDKDVLGRFRQFHELGDSDUDORVPiVDSWRV\TXHORVPHQRVIDYRUHFLGRVHQHODVSHFWRItVLFRGHDPERVJpQHVRVRQH[FOXLGRVGHlas clases

    6HHPSLH]DDFRPSUHQGHUTXHODLQFOXVLyQQRVRORVHUHHUHDODVSHUVRQDVFRQ1HFHVL-GDGHV(GXFDWLYDV(VSHFLDOHVRHQHVWDGRGHYXOQHUDELOLGDGGHELGRDTXHVXUJHQHVWXGLRVGRQGHVHDVXPHSRUHMHPSORODFXOWXUD\ODGLYHUVLGDG

    6H VXSHUD ODPLUDGD KRPRJHQHL]DQWH \GH QRUPDOL]DFLyQ TXH VHPDQHMDED HQ ODVLQVWLWXFLRQHV HGXFDWLYDV DXQTXH WRGDYtDKD\HVWXGLRVTXHGHPXHVWUDQXQDLQFOXVLyQH[FOX\HQWHLQFOXVLyQFRPRLQWHJUDFLyQ

    1XPHURVRV HVWXGLRV DERUGDQ IHQyPHQRVFRPRHO%XOO\LQJ\HOUHFKD]RHQODVHVFXH-ODV\ODVSRVLEOHVFRQVHFXHQFLDVTXHSXHGHQWUDHUDORVLQGLYLGXRV\ODVVRFLHGDGHV

    $ QLYHOPHWRGROyJLFR VH REVHUYD HQ ODDPSOLDUHYLVLyQTXHORVHVWXGLRVUHDOL]DGRVEXVFDQGHVFULELURH[SOLFDU ODVLWXDFLyQGHOD LQFOXVLyQ H[FOXVLyQ HQ ODV HVFXHODVDOJXQRVKDQSURSXHVWRLQWHUYHQFLRQHVGHODSUREOHPiWLFDGHVGHHOWUD]RGHOLQHDPLHQWRVFXUULFXODUHV\GHFRPSUHQVLyQGHODVUHDOL-GDGHVVRFLDOHV

    $OJXQRV HVWXGLRV UHYHODQ TXH H[LVWH XQYDFtRWHyULFRHQHOiUHDGHODHGXFDFLyQIt-VLFDVHREVHUYDTXHQRKD\XQDWHRUtDFODUDDFHUFDGHODLQFOXVLyQ\ODH[FOXVLyQHQODVLQVWLWXFLRQHV HGXFDWLYDV \ VH FRQIXQGH HOFRQFHSWRFRQLJXDOGDGHLQWHJUDFLyQGHXQJUXSRGHSHUVRQDVGHQWURGHXQDFODVHVLQtener en cuenta las particularidades de cada LQGLYLGXR

    (QORVUHVXOWDGRVVHHQFXHQWUDQFDWHJRUtDVTXHHPHUJHQGH OD UHDOLGDGFRPRWHRUtDVXVWDQWLYDHQFXDQWRDODVSUiFWLFDVLQFOX\HQWHV(OODVVRQ

    Prcticas incluyentes

    3RUSUiFWLFDVLQFOX\HQWHVHQWHQGHPRVDTXHOODVDFFLRQHVTXHSURPXHYHQODLQFOXVLyQHQODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDHQWHQGLGDFRPRHOSURFHVRGHDFHSWDFLyQGHODVSDUWLFXODULGDGHVTXHWLHQHFDGD LQGLYLGXRGHVGHVXGLYHUVLGDGFXOWXUDRGLVFDSDFLGDG

    a. Metodologa de la clase

    +DFHUHIHUHQFLDDODVPHWRGRORJtDVXWLOL]DGDVSRUHOGRFHQWHSDUDRUJDQL]DUODFODVHFRPRSODQHDXELFDHOJUXSRPDQHMDORVHVSDFLRV\PDWHULDOHVGHVDUUROODODVDFWLYLGDGHVFRQVLGHUDORVLQWHUHVHVGHORVHVWXGLDQWHV\HYDO~D6HSXHGHHYLGHQFLDUTXHHOGRFHQWHTXHSODQHD\HVFRKHUHQWHFRQODVintencionalidades de reconocer a los estudiantes, GHFRQWDUFRQPDWHULDOHV\HVSDFLRVDGHFXDGRVSURPXHYHODSDUWLFLSDFLyQGHORVHVWXGLDQWHVHQODVDFWLYLGDGHVGHVGHVXVSDUWLFXODULGDGHV

  • 1436 Instituto Universitario de Educacin Fsica-Universidad de Antioquia

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    b.Acciones incluyentes

    +DFHUHIHUHQFLDDODVDFWLWXGHV\RDFWLYLGDGHVLQFOX\HQWHVTXHVHGDQGHQWURGHODVFODVHVGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDDOVHULQYLWDGRVORVHVWXGLDQWHVSRUVXVPLVPRVFRPSDxHURV\SRUORVGRFHQWHV\ODPDQHUDHQTXHORVDOXPQRVSDUWLFLSDQHQODFODVHGHDFXHUGRDVXVJXVWRVHLQWHUHVHVWDOHVFRPRODLQYLWDFLyQ\ODSDUWLFLSDFLyQ+DEHUPDV

    c. Interaccin social

    +DFH UHIHUHQFLD DO WLSR GH UHODFLyQ TXH VH GDentre los estudiantes,entre los estudiantes y los GRFHQWHV\DORVJUXSRVVRFLDOHVTXHVHFRQIRU-PDQGHQWURGHODVPLVPDVFODVHVGHDFXHUGRDVXVGHVWUH]DV JXVWRV H LQWHUHVHV HYLGHQWHV HQDTXHOODVLQWHUUHODFLRQHV

    d. Condicin fsica

    +DFHUHIHUHQFLDDODVFDSDFLGDGHVItVLFDV\ODVSDWRORJtDV TXH VXIUHQ DOJXQRV HVWXGLDQWHV 6HSODQWHDFyPRPXFKDVYHFHVHVWDVVLWXDFLRQHVQRVRQLPSHGLPHQWRSDUDTXHORVDOXPQRVSXHGDQVHULQFOXLGRVHQODVFODVHVGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFD6HREVHUYDHODSR\RDORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHQRWLHQHQPHMRUFRQGLFLyQItVLFD

    Prcticas excluyentes

    (VWDFDWHJRUtDD[LDOVHHQFXHQWUDLQPHUVDHQODVSUiFWLFDV SHGDJyJLFDV TXH JHQHUDQ H[FOXVLyQHQODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDHQHOODVHPDQL-HVWDQGLIHUHQWHVDFFLRQHVTXHVHUHODFLRQDQHQFXDQWRD ODPHWRGRORJtDGH ODFODVH ODPLVPDH[FOXVLyQ OD LQWHUDFFLyQ VRFLDO OD FRQGLFLyQItVLFD\ODVHSDUDFLyQSRUJpQHUR

    (VQHFHVDULRDQDOL]DUFDGDXQDGHHVWDVFDWHJRUtDVVHOHFWLYDVSDUDLQWHUSUHWDUFyPRHVWDVSUiFWLFDVHQHOGHVDUUROORGHODVFODVHVVRQODVTXHFRP-SRQHQHOIHQyPHQRGHODH[FOXVLyQGHVGHORVDFWRUHV\VXVDFFLRQHV

    a. Metodologa de la clase

    (VWDV SUiFWLFDV VH FDUDFWHUL]DQ SRU JHQHUDUH[FOXVLyQHQ ODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFD6RQREVHUYDEOHVHQODIRUPDGHSHQVDU\GHDFWXDUGHORVGRFHQWHV\HVWXGLDQWHVGHWDOIRUPDTXHODVDFWLYLGDGHVODVHVWUDWHJLDVSODQWHDGDV\ODVFRQGLFLRQHV GHO FRQWH[WR LQIOX\HQ SDUD TXHVH UHHMHQ HVWH WLSR GH VLWXDFLRQHV GXUDQWH HOGHVDUUROORGHODVFODVHVSXHVYDQHQIDYRUGHODFRPSHWHQFLDHOUHQGLPLHQWRItVLFR\XQDHYDOXD-FLyQPDUFDGDSRUUHVXOWDGRV\QRSRUSURFHVRVGH DSUHQGL]DMH DGHPiV GHMDQGR GH ODGR ORVLQWHUHVHVGHORVHVWXGLDQWHV\HVWDUOLJDGDVSRUHVWUDWHJLDVSXQLWLYDVSDUDHYLWDUODSpUGLGDGHOFRQWUROGHODFODVH

    b.Acciones excluyentes

    2FXUUHFXDQGRORVDOXPQRVH[FOX\HQRVHH[FOX-\HQGXUDQWHODFODVH(MHPSORGHHOORHVFXDQGRORV HVWXGLDQWHV VH UHWLUDQ GH FODVH OR TXH VHSXHGHGHQRPLQDUDXWRH[FOXVLyQRDXWRUHFKD]RRFXDQGRORVDOXPQRVQRLQYLWDQDSDUWLFLSDUDTXLHQHVVHPDUJLQDQ

    c. Interaccin social

    $XWRUHVFRPR'HZH\\'XUNKHLPDUPDQTXHHOHVSDFLRGH OD LQVWLWXFLyQHGXFDWLYDHVFRPRXQDVRFLHGDGHQPLQLDWXUD\GHVGHODSRVWXUDHQTXHVHDVXPHHVWHSUR\HFWRVHFRQVLGHUDTXHODVUHODFLRQHVVRFLDOHV\ODVSUiFWLFDVTXHVHGDQHQODLQVWLWXFLyQVRQODUHDOLGDGPLVPDGHODVRFLHGDG

    El estilo relacional entre los actores de la clase, GRFHQWHV\DOXPQRVVHWUDGXFHXVXDOPHQWHHQSUiFWLFDVTXHJHQHUDQH[FOXVLyQSRUORFRP~QD WUDYpV GH DFWLYLGDGHV GH FRPSHWHQFLD R GHUHQGLPLHQWRItVLFR

    d. Condicin fsica

    (VWD FDWHJRUtD VH FRQVWUX\H GHVGH ODV FDSDFL-GDGHV ItVLFDVTXH WLHQH HO HVWXGLDQWH D ODKRUDGHUHDOL]DUDOJXQRVHMHUFLFLRV\DFWLYLGDGHVGHVXGHVHPSHxRDODKRUDGHHMHFXWDUODV\FRPRHVWDVVHFRQYLHUWHQHQH[FOX\HQWHVHQODVFRP-

  • Revista Educacin Fsica y Deporte, n. 32-2, 1433-1440, 2013, Funmbulos Editores 1437

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    SHWHQFLDVDFWLYLGDGHVSURSXHVWDVSRUGRFHQWHV\HVWXGLDQWHVFX\RSURSyVLWRHVGLVSXWDUHOSULPHUOXJDU HQIUHQWiQGRVH \ GRQGH UHVXOWD VROR XQJDQDGRU*DQDU\SHUGHUMXHJDQXQSDSHOLPSRU-WDQWHHQHVWHWLSRGHDFWLYLGDGHVGHPDQHUDTXHVHDVXPHQDFWLWXGHVGHULYDOLGDGFRQHOREMHWLYRGHFRQVHJXLUODYLFWRULDORTXHVXHOHJHQHUDUPD-QLIHVWDFLRQHVFRPRODWUDPSDODEXUODHOWHPRURUHFKD]RDODGHUURWDHQWUHRWUDVFRQWUDULDVDORVLGHDOHVGHODIRUPDFLyQ

    (QHVWHWLSRGHUHODFLyQVHDVXPHFRPRSDWR-ORJtDWRGRDTXHOORTXHVHGHVYtDGHOHVWiQGDUGHFRQGLFLyQItVLFDHVSHUDGRSDUDODHGDG$VtHQWRQFHVSUHYDOHFHHOHVWHUHRWLSRGHODHYLWD-FLyQGHODPDUJLQDFLyQGHODOXPQRSRUTXHVHODVWLPDSRUTXHQRHVFDSD]SRUTXHQRWLHQHODFRQGLFLyQ$TXt XQ HPEDUD]R VH FRQVLGHUDHQIHUPHGDG\ORVHVWXGLDQWHV\HOPLVPRSURIH-VRUFRQVLGHUDQTXHODDOXPQDGHEHHYLWDUKDFHUHMHUFLFLRSRUWHPRUDTXHSLHUGDHOQLxR

    e. Separacin por gnero

    (VWHIXHXQRGHORVKDOOD]JRVPiVVLJQLFDWLYRVHQHOHVWXGLRSXHVVHKDFHHYLGHQWHODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDFRPRXQDIRUPDGHVHSDUDFLyQHQWUH KRPEUHV \PXMHUHV (VWH IHQyPHQR VHREVHUYD HQ HO SURIHVRU FXDQGR RUJDQL]D ORVHMHUFLFLRV R HQ ORV HVWXGLDQWHV YDURQHV TXHFRQVLGHUDQ D ODVPXMHUHVPX\GpELOHV \ SRFRDSWDVSDUDHOHMHUFLFLRItVLFRRGHODVHVWXGLDQ-WHVTXHFRQVLGHUDQDORVKRPEUHVPX\EUXVFRVSDUD UHDOL]DU ORV HMHUFLFLRV R GH LQVWLWXFLRQHVH[FOXVLYDPHQWHIHPHQLQDVRPDVFXOLQDVGRQGHVHFRQVLGHUDPHMRUHYLWDUODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFD FRQ SDUWLFLSDFLyQ GHO JpQHUR FRQWUDULRSDUDHYLWDUFRQLFWRV

    Pedagoga del excluido

    7DOFRPR3DXOR)UHLUHKDEODGHXQDSHGD-JRJtDGHORSULPLGRVHFRQVLGHUDFRQVHFXHQWH\VHHYLGHQFLDHQHVWDLQYHVWLJDFLyQTXHKD\XQDSHGDJRJtDGHOH[FOXLGR/DLQIRUPDFLyQREWHQLGDGDDWLVERVDFHUFDGHFyPRHOPRGHORSHGDJyJLFRDSOLFDGRHQODVFODVHVGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDHVWiSHQVDGR\IRUPDHQH[FOXVLyQDORVHVWXGLDQWHV/DVGLPHQVLRQHVSDUDH[FOXLUVRQ

    6HKDEODGHXQDconquistaHQHVWDLQYHVWL-JDFLyQVHKDFHUHIHUHQFLDD XQDhomoge-neizacin HQ DOXVLyQ D DTXHOORV IDFWRUHVTXHEXVFDQFRQGXFLUDWRGRVORVHVWXGLDQWHVDXQDPLVPDEROVDKDFHUGHHOORV VHUHVLJXDOHVFRQLJXDOGDGGHRSRUWXQLGDGHVHVdecir, los estudiantes deben adaptarse a las LPSRVLFLRQHV \ D OR TXH GLFH ODPD\RUtD%RXUGLHX

    2) Dividir para oprimir a un Diferente para excluir.(VWDGLPHQVLyQHVFRQFHELGDGHVGHODH[FOXVLyQDOHVWXGLDQWHTXHSUHVHQWDGLIH-UHQFLDVFRQODPD\RUtDGHOJUXSRVRFLDOHQHOFXDOHVWiLQPHUVRHVGHFLUORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHVHGLIHUHQFLHQRWHQJDQSDUWLFXODULGDGHVQRFDEHQHQHOFRQFLOLRGHODPD\RUtD\VRQH[FOXLGRV

    'HODManipulacin a una anormalidad ha-cia la normalidad, en donde las personas excluidas buscan opciones para entrar a ese JUXSRPD\RULWDULRDEDQGRQDQGRVXVUDtFHVFXOWXUDOHVRVXVFUHHQFLDVDOJRFRQWUDULRDODQRFLyQGHLQFOXVLyQGHVGHODSHUVSHFWLYDGH+DEHUPDVWRGRHQDUDVGHSRGHUSDUWLFLSDU GHO JUXSR VRFLDO \ GHMDU GH VHUDQRUPDO\TXLHQQRORKDJDVHJXLUiFRQGHQD-GRDSURFHVRVGHH[FOXVLyQ\DXWRH[FOXVLyQ

    'HXQDInvasin Cultural a una Prdida cultural.(VWD GLPHQVLyQ LPSOLFD SDUD ORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHGHFLGDQDGDSWDUVH\SHUGHUsus particularidades en aras de hacer parte de ODPD\RUtDGHMDUGHVHUORTXHHUDQREYLDQGRSURFHVRVGHUHFRQRFLPLHQWR6NOLDU\GHDXWRQRPtD\OLEHUWDGGHH[SUHVLyQFRQUHVSHFWRDSDUWLFLSDURQR+DEHUPDV

    (Q FRQFOXVLyQ ORV SURFHVRV TXH VH OOHYDQ DFDERHQODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVEXVFDQXQDKRPRJHQL]DFLyQ.ULFKHVN\GHQWURGHODHVFXHODORTXHFRKtEHODVYHUGDGHUDVSDUWLFXOD-ULGDGHVGHFDGD LQGLYLGXRSHUWHQHFLHQWHDXQDVRFLHGDG\VXSRVLELOLGDGGHGHFLGLUVLTXLHUHHQWUDUDXQJUXSRRQRVLQSHUGHUVXHVHQFLD

  • 1438 Instituto Universitario de Educacin Fsica-Universidad de Antioquia

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    Metodologa empleada

    Desarrollo metodolgico (teora fundada desde un enfoque de complementariedad)

    3DUD UHDOL]DU HVWD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ IXH QHFHVDULRDQDOL]DUHOFRQFHSWRGHPHWRGRORJtDFRQFHELGDHVWDFRPRODPDQHUDGHSHQVDUODUHDOLGDGVRFLDO\HVWXGLDUOD3RUPpWRGRVHQWHQGHPRVHOFRQMXQWRGH SURFHGLPLHQWRV \ WpFQLFDV SDUD DQDOL]DU ODLQIRUPDFLyQ 6WUDXVV OR TXH LQYLWDD DQDOL]DU \ FRQFHELU FyPR VH FRQJXUDQ ODVSUiFWLFDVVRFLDOHV\FXiOHVHOVLJQLFDGRTXHOHGDQVXVGLIHUHQWHVDFWRUHV

    7DPELpQ HV GH VXPD LPSRUWDQFLD FRQVLGHUDUTXHHOSUREOHPDDLQYHVWLJDUQRVHGHEHDGDSWDUDOPpWRGR SRU HO FRQWUDULR HOPpWRGR GHEHDGDSWDUVH D ODV SDUWLFXODULGDGHV GHO SUREOHPDHV GHFLU ORV GLIHUHQWHVPRPHQWRV HO WUDVHJDUGH OD LQYHVWLJDFLyQ\ OD LQIRUPDFLyQREWHQLGDLQGLFDQHOFDPLQRDVHJXLU\GHWHUPLQDQFXiOHVVRQ ODV WpFQLFDVH LQVWUXPHQWRVPiV LQGLFDGRVSDUDFRPSUHQGHUPHMRUODUHDOLGDGVRFLDO

    3RURWUDSDUWHHVLPSRUWDQWHGHVWDFDUTXHHVWHHVWXGLRVHXELFDHQODLQYHVWLJDFLyQFXDOLWDWLYDSXHVQRVHDSR\DHQSURFHGLPLHQWRVHVWDGtVWLFRVQLGHFXDQWLFDFLyQFRPRVXSULQFLSDOIXHQWHGHLQIRUPDFLyQVLQRTXHEXVFDODPHMRUPDQHUDGHFRPSUHQGHUXQDUHDOLGDGDERUGiQGRODGHVGHODUHDOLGDGPLVPDWRGRHQDUDVGHGHVFULELU\FRP-SUHQGHUPHMRUHOSUREOHPDDHVWXGLDU$GHPiVHOLQWHUpVQRHVSUHGHFLUQLFRQWURODUSURFHVRVQLJHQHUDOL]DUDODVFRPXQLGDGHVHOLQWHUpVHQHVWHFDVRHQSDUWLFXODUHVJHQHUDUWHRUtDTXHHPHUJHGHODVGLIHUHQWHVSUiFWLFDV

    /DHVWUDWHJLDPHWRGROyJLFDGHHVWHSUR\HFWRVHIXQGDPHQWDHQXQLQWHUpVSRUGHVFULELUHLQWHU-SUHWDUODVSUiFWLFDVSHGDJyJLFDVHQYDULDVLQVWL-WXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVGHODFLXGDGGH0DQL]DOHVFRQ LQWHQFLyQ LQWHUSUHWDWLYD FRPSUHQVLYD HQGRQGHVHXWLOL]DHOPpWRGRGHODWHRUtDIXQGDGDGHVDUUROODGDDQDOHVGHODGpFDGDGHORVSRU*ODVHU \6WUDXVV EDMR HO HQIRTXHGH FRPSOH-PHQWDULHGDGGH0XUFLD\-DUDPLOOR(VXQPpWRGRGHVFULSWLYRTXHEXVFDJHQHUDUWHRUtDDSDUWLUGHODVSUiFWLFDVREVHUYDGDV

    'HVGHODFRPSOHPHQWDULHGDGODWHRUtDIXQGDGDVHDVXPHDSDUWLUGHXQDHVSLUDOWULSOHHQGRQGHORVPRPHQWRV VH DPDOJDPDQSDUD SHUPLWLU ODWULDQJXODFLyQGHODLQIRUPDFLyQ\ODFRQVWUXFFLyQGH WHRUtD HQ FRQVHFXHQFLD FRQ ORV GDWRV TXHHPHUJHQGHODUHDOLGDG

    Unidad de anlisis: la cRQVWLWX\HQODVSUiFWLFDVSHGDJyJLFDVGHODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFD\ORVDFWRUHV LQYROXFUDGRVHQHOODVHQHVWHFDVR ORVGRFHQWHV\HVWXGLDQWHVGHODVGLIHUHQWHVLQVWLWX-FLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVGRQGHVHUHDOL]yHOHVWXGLR

    Unidad de trabajo: los docentes de la clase de HGXFDFLyQItVLFD\GRVHVWXGLDQWHVGHFDGDJUXSRTXHSUHVHQWDURQRHVWXYLHURQUHODFLRQDGRVFRQODPD\RUtDGHORVVLJXLHQWHVDVSHFWRVLQFOX\HQWHV\H[FOX\HQWHVGXUDQWHODVREVHUYDFLRQHV

    ,QYLWDFLyQDTXHOORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHLQYLWDQDVXVFRPSDxHURVDSDUWLFLSDUGHODVDFWLYL-GDGHV

    (OHVWXGLDQWHTXHHVLQYLWDGRSRUHOSURIHVRU

    (OHVWXGLDQWHTXHHVLQYLWDGRSRURWURVHVWX-GLDQWHV

    %XUODVDTXHOORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHVXIUHQEXU-ODVRODUHDOL]DQDVXVFRPSDxHURVGXUDQWHODVFODVHV

    5HFKD]RDTXHOORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHUHFKD]DQDDOJXQRVGHVXVFRPSDxHURVRVRQUHFKD]DGRVSRUHOORV

    $XWRH[FOXVLyQDTXHOORVHVWXGLDQWHVTXHVHUHWLUDQGHODVDFWLYLGDGHV\ODVFODVHVVHSD-UiQGRVHGHOJUXSR

    $FDGDJUDGRGHFDGDLQVWLWXFLyQHGXFDWLYDVHOHKLFLHURQDOPHQRVWUHVREVHUYDFLRQHV

    Recoleccin, anlisis y sistematizacin de la informacin

    'DGRTXHHOPpWRGRGHTeora Fundada tiene la SRVLELOLGDGGHKDFHUDQiOLVLV\FRPSDUDFLRQHVPLHQWUDVHOLQYHVWLJDGRUHVWiHQHOHVFHQDULRGHHVWXGLRVHUHDOL]DURQVDWXUDFLRQHVGHODLQIRUPD-FLyQFRQWLQXDPHQWHFRQODVVLJXLHQWHVWpFQLFDVHLQVWUXPHQWRV

  • Revista Educacin Fsica y Deporte, n. 32-2, 1433-1440, 2013, Funmbulos Editores 1439

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    Tcnicas e instrumentos

    'HDFXHUGRDODIRUPDGHOOHYDUVHDFDERODWHRUtDIXQGDGDVHHQWLHQGHTXHORVLQYHVWLJDGRUHVSXH-GHQLQWHJUDUFRPELQDFLRQHVGHSURFHGLPLHQWRV1RH[LVWHXQFRQMXQWRHVWiQGDUGHPpWRGRVLJXDO-PHQWH~WLOSDUDFDGDSDVRGHODLQYHVWLJDFLyQ\QRVLHPSUHHV~WLOUHXQLUODVPLVPDVWpFQLFDVHV-SHFtFDVSDUDWRGRVORVSDVRVGHORVSUR\HFWRVGHPRGRTXHDPHQRVTXHHVWpQFRPSHOLGRVELHQSRUSUHVLRQHVH[WHUQDVRSRUPDQGDWRVLQWHUQRVORVLQYHVWLJDGRUHVDFW~DQGHPDQHUDSUDJPiWLFD\FRPELQDQODVWpFQLFDVGLVSRQLEOHVSDUDREWHQHUORVUHVXOWDGRVGHVHDGRV&UHVZHOO

    6H HOLJLHURQ ODV VLJXLHQWHV WpFQLFDV H LQVWUX-PHQWRVSRUTXHRIUHFtDQORVLQVXPRVQHFHVDULRVSDUDUHFROHFWDUODLQIRUPDFLyQGHOSUREOHPDGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ2EVHUYDFLyQGLUHFWD'LDULRGHFDPSR(QFXHVWD(QWUHYLVWD6HPLHVWUXFWXUD-GD&XHVWLRQDULR(QWUHYLVWDHQSURIXQGLGDG%LEOLRJUiFD)LFKD

    Construccin terica

    6HUHDOL]yDWUDYpVGHODQiOLVLVGHODVFDWHJRUtDVTXHVXUJtDQSRUPHGLRGH ODVREVHUYDFLRQHV\SRVWHULRUHVHQWUHYLVWDVVDWXUDQGRLQIRUPDFLyQDWUDYpVGHFRQWLQXDVFRPSDUDFLRQHVLQWUDHLQWH-ULQVWLWXFLRQDOHV$VtVHHVWDEOHFHQGRVFDWHJRUtDVD[LDOHV\XQRVIRFRV

    /DV SUiFWLFDV LQFOX\HQWHV HQ OD FODVH GHHGXFDFLyQ ItVLFD FRQVLGHUDGDV HVWDV FRPRWRGRWLSRGHGLVFXUVRGHOKDFHURGHOVHUTXHJHQHUDLQFOXVLyQ

    /DV SUiFWLFDV LQFOX\HQWHV HQ OD FODVH GHHGXFDFLyQ ItVLFD FRQVLGHUDGDV HVWDV FRPRWRGRWLSRGHGLVFXUVRGHOKDFHURGHOVHUTXHJHQHUHH[FOXVLyQ

    /DVSUiFWLFDVSHGDJyJLFDVFRQFHELGDVFRPRODVLQWHQFLRQDOLGDGHVGHODVSUiFWLFDVHGXFDWLYDVVXDSOLFDFLyQ\ORVHOHPHQWRVTXHVHGDQDODKRUDGHVXHMHFXFLyQ

    Conclusiones

    'H DFXHUGR D ODV SUiFWLFDV REVHUYDGDV HQ ODVFXDWURLQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVGHODFLXGDGGH0DQL]DOHV VH LGHQWLFDURQ DFFLRQHV LQWHQFLR-QDGDV\QRLQWHQFLRQDGDVTXHJHQHUDQLQFOXVLyQ\H[FOXVLyQGHVGHVXVGLIHUHQWHVDFWRUHV\ORVGRFXPHQWRVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHVTXHIXQGDPHQWDQODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFD

    /DFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDGHELGRDVXVSDU-WLFXODULGDGHVHQFXDQWRDOHVSDFLRDFWLYLGDGHVPHWRGRORJtDV HYDOXDFLRQHV \ TXH DGHPiVVHFRQVLGHUDFRPRXQDGH ODV IDYRULWDVGH ORVHVWXGLDQWHVVHUHFRQRFHFRPRXQDGHODVFODVHVPiVLQFOX\HQWHVGHODViUHDVIXQGDPHQWDOHV6LQHPEDUJRSRUVXVDFFLRQHVVHHQFXHQWUDQJUDQ-GHVGLVFUHSDQFLDVFRQORREVHUYDGR\DTXHHQODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDVHUHHMDQSURFHVRVGHLQFOXVLyQH[FOXVLyQFRPRODLQWHJUDFLyQGHHVWXGLDQWHV D OD IXHU]D OD KRPRJHQL]DFLyQGHORVLQGLYLGXRVWUDWDUORVFRPRLJXDOHVVLQWHQHUHQFXHQWDVXVGLIHUHQFLDVODVHSDUDFLyQGLVFD-SDFLGDGHV\SDWRORJtDVODHVFLVLyQGLYLVLRQHVSRUJpQHURVRJUXSRVVRFLDOHV\ODDXWRH[FOXVLyQSRUEXUODVEXOO\LQJ\DSDWtD

    $OJXQRV HOHPHQWRV UHVSRQVDEOHV GH JHQHUDU RSURYRFDULQFOXVLyQH[FOXVLyQHQODVFODVHVGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDVRQODVPHWRGRORJtDVHOWUDWRKDFLD ORV HVWXGLDQWHV \ HOPDQHMR GH DOJXQRVFRPSRUWDPLHQWRVFLHUWDVDFWLYLGDGHVGHtQGROHFRPSHWLWLYD TXH HQ RFDVLRQHV SURYRFDQ ULxDV\EXUODVHQWUH ORVSDUWLFLSDQWHV ORTXHJHQHUDGLYLVLyQHQORVJUXSRV

    'H ODV HYLGHQFLDVODV YRFHV GH ORV DFWRUHV VHFRQFOX\HTXHODFODVHGHHGXFDFLyQItVLFDHVLQ-FOX\HQWHSXHVDSHVDUGHTXHVXFHGHQVLWXDFLRQHVQHJDWLYDVFRPRSHOHDVEXUODV\DXWRH[FOXVLyQGH DOJXQRV HVWXGLDQWHV QR ORV FRQVLGHUDQ WDQJUDYHV\OHVUHVWDQLPSRUWDQFLDLQGLFDQGRTXHVRQKHFKRVDLVODGRVDXQTXHPDQLHVWDQTXHVHVLHQWHQPDOHLQFyPRGRVFXDQGRHOORVPLVPRVORVXIUHQ

    6HSXHGHQQRWDUYDFtRVWHyULFRVHQORVSURIHVLR-QDOHV HQFDUJDGRVGHRULHQWDU OD DVLJQDWXUD \DTXHPXFKRVDVXPHQODLQFOXVLyQFRPRLQWHJUDUDXQJUXSRGHHVWXGLDQWHVGHVGHFRQFHSWRVGHLJXDOGDG SDUD WRGRV VLQ WHQHU HQ FXHQWD ODV

  • 1440 Instituto Universitario de Educacin Fsica-Universidad de Antioquia

    Betancur, J. Prcticas incluyentes y excluyentes en la clase de Educacin Fsica

    particularidades de los estudiantes, ya sea disca-SDFLGDGGLYHUVLGDGFXOWXUDORJpQHUR

    (VLPSRUWDQWHDJUHJDUTXHDQWHVLWXDFLRQHVFRPRXQ HPEDUD]R ORV GRFHQWHV FRPSDxHURV \ ODPLVPDHVWXGLDQWHHYLWDQVXSDUWLFLSDFLyQHQODFODVHSRUWHPRUDDIHFWDUODVDOXGGHOEHEHRGHODJHVWDQWHFRQFLELHQGRHVWDFRQGLFLyQFRPRXQDHQIHUPHGDG6HHYLGHQFLDDGHPiVTXHPXFKRVGRFHQWHV SRU WHPRU R IDOWD GH FRQRFLPLHQWRVREUHFLHUWRWLSRGHSDWRORJtDVGHFLGHQDLVODUGHVXVFODVHVDORVHVWXGLDQWHVORTXHLQGLFDIDOWDGH IRUPDFLyQ \ SUHSDUDFLyQ DQWH HVWRV FDVRVD~QFXDQGRHQODVQRUPDV\SROtWLFDVS~EOLFDVVHHVWDEOHFHTXH ODV LQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDV\los docentes deben estar preparados para atender DGHFXDGDPHQWHHVWHWLSRGHVLWXDFLRQHV

    (VXQKHFKRTXHODPD\RUtDGHLQVWLWXFLRQHVHGX-FDWLYDVFRQFLEHQHQVXV3UR\HFWRV(GXFDWLYRVODLQFOXVLyQGHELGRDTXHODVSROtWLFDVLQWHUQDFLRQD-OHV\QDFLRQDOHVFRQVLGHUDQHOWHPD\ORLQWHQWDQIRUWDOHFHUSDUDXQDPHMRUFDOLGDGHGXFDWLYD\DXQTXH HVWDV LQVWLWXFLRQHV OR DVXPHQ D~Q VHREVHUYDQDPELJHGDGHV\IDOHQFLDVHQFXDQWRDOFRQFHSWRSXHVDSHVDUGHTXHHVQRPEUDGRVHLQWHUSUHWDGHVGHPLUDGDVUHGXFFLRQLVWDVHQORVGRFXPHQWRV \ HQ HO KDFHUQRKD\SHUWLQHQFLDQL FRUUHVSRQGHQFLD FRQYLUWLpQGRVHPiV HQXQOHPDLQVWLWXFLRQDOTXHHQXQYHUGDGHURSURFHVRSUiFWLFRLQFOX\HQWH

    3RUHOORVHKDFHQHFHVDULRUHSODQWHDUHOVLVWHPDHGXFDWLYRKDFLDODLQFOXVLyQ6NOLDUVX-SHUDQGRODGLDGDLQFOXVLyQH[FOXVLyQSRUXQDIRUPDFLyQHQHOUHFRQRFLPLHQWRDORWURHQODKRV-SLWDOLGDGKDFLDORVVHPHMDQWHV\QRHQODVLPSOHWROHUDQFLDDHOORV'HORFRQWUDULRVHSHUSHW~DXQVLVWHPDTXHLQFHQWLYDDTXHOODVLQFOXVLRQHVH[FOX-\HQWHVTXHKHPRVPHQFLRQDGR

    /RV YDFtRV WHyULFRV HQ OD HGXFDFLyQ ItVLFD HQFXDQWRDODLQFOXVLyQ\H[FOXVLyQVHHYLGHQFLDQGHVGHORVGRFXPHQWRVHOKDFHU\HOGHFLU\DTXHVHHQFXHQWUDQPLUDGDVUHGXFFLRQLVWDVGRQGHVHFRQFLEHODLQFOXVLyQFRPRSURFHVRGHLQWHJUD-

    FLyQ\QRVHWLHQHHQFXHQWDHOUHFRQRFLPLHQWRDORWURODFDSDFLGDGGHFRORFDUVHHQHOOXJDUGHORWURGHVGHVXVGLIHUHQFLDV\HQFRQVHFXHQFLDVHFRKtEHQSURFHVRVGHFRQVWUXFFLyQVRFLDO\GHLQFOXVLyQHQJHQHUDO

    Referencias

    Bourdieu P (2011). Capital simblico y clases socia-les. En:P Bourdieu& L Wacquant, Estrategias de reproduccin social (pp.199-211). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Siglo XXI.

    Cresswell JW (1994). Research design: qualitative & quantitative approaches. USA: Sage Publi-cations.

    Foucault M (1993). Historia de la Locura: en la poca clsica I. Bogot, Colombia: Fondo de Cultura Econmica

    Freire P (2005). Pedagoga del oprimido, 2 ed. Mexico: Editores S.A. de C.V.

    Habermas Jurgen (1999). La inclusin del otro, Estudios de teora poltica. Espaa: Ediciones Paids Ibrica S.A.

    +RICHESKY-#OMPAdolescentes e inclu-sin educativa: un derecho en cuestin. Bue-nos Aires Argentina: Centro de Publicaciones Educativas y Material Didctico.

    Murcia N, Jaramillo LG(2008). Investigacin cuali-tativa: La complementariedad, 2 ed. Armenia, #OLOMBIA%DITORIAL+INESIS

    Skliar C (2007). La Educacin (que es) del Otro: argumentos y desierto de argumentos peda-ggicos. Buenos Aires, Argentina:Centro de Publicaciones Educativas y Material Didctico.

    Strauss A, Corbin J (2002). Bases de la investigacin cualitativa: tcnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teora fundamentada. Medelln, Colombia: Editorial Universidad de Antioquia.

    Zuluaga OL (1999). Pedagoga e Historia: la his-toricidad de la pedagoga. La enseanza, un objeto de saber. Medelln, Colombia: Editorial Universidad de Antioquia.