Preguntas Frecuentes Acerca de Fumar Cigarrillos Durante el...
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fgdgrsgfgrgrwtgwgsfgsgsef Preguntas Frecuentes Acerca de Fumar Cigarrillos Durante el Embarazo ¿Cuántas madres fuman durante el embarazo? Según el Sistema de Evaluación de Riesgo y Supervisión del Embarazo de 2010 (PRAMS) la información de 27 estados muestra que: o Aproximadamente 10.7% de mujeres reportaron fumar durante los últimos tres meses del embarazo. ¿Cuántas madres pueden dejar de fumar durante el embarazo? De las mujeres quienes fumaban 3 meses antes del embarazo, 54% dejaron de fumar durante el embarazo. De las mujeres quienes dejaron de fumar durante el embarazo, 44% recayeron dentro de 6 meses de dar la luz. ¿Cómo daña el humo de cigarrillo a un bebé que no ha nacido? El humo de tabaco tiene más de 3,800 productos con monóxido de carbón y nicotina los dos componentes de más cantidad del humo. El humo de cigarrillos puede dañar el feto: reduce el flujo de sangre o el flujo de oxígeno al feto, reduce nutrientes al feto, y afecta el feto directamente. ¿El fumar durante el embarazo resulta en bebés más pequeños? El resultado más consistente asociado con el fumar durante el embarazo es bajo peso al nacer. La mayoría de los estudios demostraron una diferencia de 200-250 gramos entre bebés de madres que fumaron durante el embarazo y los de madres que no fumaron durante embarazo. Además, hay evidencia que la incidencia de retraso de crecimiento del bebe es mayor en las mujeres que fumaban durante su embarazo. ¿El fumar durante el embarazo resulta en bebés prematuros? La duración del embarazo ha sido comprobado ser más corto en mujeres que fumaban durante el embarazo, sin embargo la reducción de promedio es típicamente 1-2 días. Los estudios que investigaron la incidencia de prematuridad han tenido resultados contradictorios, algunos mostrando un aumento y otros no. ¿Causa la exposición prenatal al humo de tabaco el síndrome de la muerte súbita infantil (SIDS)? Los estudios que han examinado la incidencia del SIDS entre las mujeres que fumaron durante el embarazo también han tenido resultados contradictorios, con algunos mostrando efectos significativos y otros no. El ser expuesto a padres fumadores durante el desarrollo temprano ha sido enlazado con un aumento en la incidencia del SIDS como resultado de un medio ambiente con humo de tabaco hasta un sistema respiratorio no desarrollado. ¿Causa defectos de nacimiento el fumar durante el embarazo? El fumar durante el embarazo puede causar que un bebé nazca con fisura de labio y/o fisura de paladar (labio leporino). También puede haber una correlación con otros defectos de nacimiento, incluyendo a defectos congénitos del corazón, pie zopo, o gastrosquisis. Sin embargo, no hay resultados uniformes de un patrón de defectos de nacimiento asociados con el fumar durante el embarazo. Se necesitan estudios adicionales que controlen otros factores importantes que pueden afectar el desarrollo del feto.
Transcript of Preguntas Frecuentes Acerca de Fumar Cigarrillos Durante el...
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Preguntas Frecuentes Acerca de Fumar Cigarrillos Durante el Embarazo¿Cuántas madres fuman durante el embarazo? Según el Sistema de Evaluación de Riesgo y Supervisión del Embarazo de 2010 (PRAMS) la información de 27 estados
muestra que: o Aproximadamente 10.7% de mujeres reportaron fumar durante los últimos tres meses del embarazo.
¿Cuántas madres pueden dejar de fumar durante el embarazo? De las mujeres quienes fumaban 3 meses antes del embarazo, 54% dejaron de fumar durante el embarazo. De las mujeres quienes dejaron de fumar durante el embarazo, 44% recayeron dentro de 6 meses de dar la luz.
¿Cómo daña el humo de cigarrillo a un bebé que no ha nacido?El humo de tabaco tiene más de 3,800 productos con monóxido de carbón y nicotina los dos componentes de más cantidaddel humo. El humo de cigarrillos puede dañar el feto: reduce el flujo de sangre o el flujo de oxígeno al feto, reducenutrientes al feto, y afecta el feto directamente.
¿El fumar durante el embarazo resulta en bebés más pequeños?El resultado más consistente asociado con el fumar durante el embarazo es bajo peso al nacer. La mayoría de los estudios demostraron una diferencia de 200-250 gramos entre bebés de madres que fumaron durante el embarazo y los de madres que no fumaron durante embarazo. Además, hay evidencia que la incidencia de retraso de crecimiento del bebe es mayor en las mujeres que fumaban durante su embarazo.
¿El fumar durante el embarazo resulta en bebés prematuros?La duración del embarazo ha sido comprobado ser más corto en mujeres que fumaban durante el embarazo, sin embargo la reducción de promedio es típicamente 1-2 días. Los estudios que investigaron la incidencia de prematuridad han tenido resultados contradictorios, algunos mostrando un aumento y otros no.
¿Causa la exposición prenatal al humo de tabaco el síndrome de la muerte súbita infantil (SIDS)?Los estudios que han examinado la incidencia del SIDS entre las mujeres que fumaron durante el embarazo también hantenido resultados contradictorios, con algunos mostrando efectos significativos y otros no. El ser expuesto a padres fumadores durante el desarrollo temprano ha sido enlazado con un aumento en la incidencia del SIDS como resultado de un medio ambiente con humo de tabaco hasta un sistema respiratorio no desarrollado.
¿Causa defectos de nacimiento el fumar durante el embarazo?El fumar durante el embarazo puede causar que un bebé nazca con fisura de labio y/o fisura de paladar (labio leporino). También puede haber una correlación con otros defectos de nacimiento, incluyendo a defectos congénitos del corazón, pie zopo, o gastrosquisis. Sin embargo, no hay resultados uniformes de un patrón de defectos de nacimiento asociados con el fumar durante el embarazo. Se necesitan estudios adicionales que controlen otros factores importantes que pueden afectar el desarrollo del feto.
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Frequently Asked Questions about Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy
How many mothers smoke during pregnancy?
According to the 2010 Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 27 states:
o Approximately 10.7% of women reported smoking during the last three months of pregnancy.
How many mothers who smoke are able to quit during their pregnancy?
Of women who smoked 3 months before pregnancy, 54% quit during pregnancy. Among women who quit smoking during pregnancy, 44% relapsed within 6 months after delivery. How does cigarette smoke harm an unborn baby? Tobacco smoke has over 3,800 products in it with carbon monoxide and nicotine being the two largest components of the smoke. Cigarette smoke may harm a fetus by reducing blood flow or flow of oxygen to the fetus, by reducing the nutrients that reach the fetus, and by direct action to the fetus. Does maternal smoking during pregnancy result in smaller babies? The most consistent finding associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy is lower birth weight. Most studies find a difference of 200-250 grams between babies of mothers who smoke and those who do not. In addition, the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation has been found to be higher among women who smoked during their pregnancy. Does maternal smoking during pregnancy result in premature babies? The length of the pregnancy has been found to be lower among women who smoked during the pregnancy but the average decrease is typically 1-2 days. Studies assessing the incidence of prematurity have found mixed results, with some finding a significant increase and others not. Does prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke cause Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)? Studies examining the incidence of SIDS among women who smoke during pregnancy have also been mixed with some finding significant effects and others not. Parental smoking during early development has also been linked to an increased incidence of SIDS as a result of environmental tobacco smoke on a young respiratory system.
Does maternal smoking during pregnancy cause birth defects? Smoking during pregnancy can cause a baby to be born with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. There may be a correlation with other birth defects, including congenital heart defects, clubfoot, or gastroschisis. However, there have been no consistent findings of a pattern of birth defects associated with maternal smoking. Additional studies that control for other important factors that may impact fetal development are needed. What are the long-term effects on the growth of children exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy? The results from the British National Child Development Study on children’s growth and development suggested that children of women who smoked during their pregnancy continued to be shorter (an average of 1.0 cm) at seven and 11 years of age than children of women who did not smoke during pregnancy.
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Understanding Effects of Illicit Drugs Used During Pregnancy
Cocaine Facts Cocaine is a stimulant of the central nervous system, crosses the placenta during pregnancy, and enters the baby’s blood circulation. Researchers have not determined how much cocaine it takes to cause birth defects. It is recommended that any amount of cocaine be avoided during pregnancy.
Some studies have reported an increased risk of birth defects including abnormalities of the brain, heart,intestines, and limbs in babies whose mothers used cocaine prenatally. The risk for birth defects may be greaterif the mother used cocaine frequently during the pregnancy.
Increased risk for preterm delivery and low birth rate; before labor begins, cocaine can cause the placenta toseparate from the wall of the uterus (placental abruption) which can lead to extensive bleeding and can be fatalfor both the mother and baby; intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain) before or soon after birth cancause permanent disability.
The following behaviors and significant central nervous system problems have been seen in infants and young children whose mothers abused cocaine during pregnancy, especially close to delivery:
Irritability, interrupted sleep patterns, and problems with sensory stimulation. Problems with impulsive behavior, poor attention span, and language difficulties.
Marijuana Facts The main active chemical in marijuana is delta-9-THC and is known to cross the placenta during pregnancy. Smoking marijuana may decrease the amount of oxygen and nutrients the baby receives, thereby affecting the growth of the baby.
Some studies have suggested there is an increased risk of premature birth and low birth weight for babies whosemothers smoked marijuana regularly throughout the pregnancy and after delivery.
Most research studies have not found an increased risk for birth defects among babies exposed to marijuanaprenatally.
Some studies of prenatal exposure to marijuana have shown an effect on behavior, academic performance andshort term memory of children. These results were seen more often in children whose mothers were heavymarijuana users, typically one or more marijuana cigarettes per day.
Although the results from studies have been inconsistent, the possibility of an effect on the developing braincannot be ruled out.
It can be difficult to draw conclusions from studies on the use of drugs during pregnancy because some women use multiple drugs of abuse at the same time, or have increased risks because of poverty, poor nutrition, lack of prenatal care, or mental illness. Alcohol is quite often used concurrently with other drugs of abuse, typically marijuana, cocaine and cigarettes.
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Actividades de Prevención y la Comunidad
Entrenamiento de Exposiciones Prenatales y Conducta Materna de Alto Riesgo es ofrecido para:
Individuos, Parientes, Familias, y Grupos de Adopción
Organizaciones Locales, Estatales, y Regionales
Proveedores de Salud Médica y Conductua
Organizaciones del Servicio a la Comunidad
Organizaciones Legales
12 Executive Park Drive NE Atlanta, GA 30329
404-712-9829
MotherToBaby Georgia:Servicio de Información
Teratológica
Provée información gratuita abase de estudios sobre medicamentos y otras exposiciones durante el embarazo y la lactancia.
855.789.6222
¿Qué son los efectos de largo plazo en el crecimiento de niños expuestos a humo de tabaco en el útero?Los resultados del Estudio Británico del Desarrollo Infantil surgieren que los niños quienes madres fumaron durante el embarazo continúan siendo más bajos de estatura(un promedio de 1.0 cm) en los años 7 y 11 que los niños quienes madres no fumaron.
¿Qué son los otros efectos de largo plazo del humo de tabaco durante el embarazo?Los sistemas respiratorios de niños quienes madres fumaron durante el embarazo pueden ser deteriorados. Los hijos de mujeres que fuman por lo menos 10 cigarrillos al día tienen mayor incidencia de asma que los niños de mujeres que no fuman. La exposición posnatal al humo de tabaco ha sido enlazada con un aumento en la incidencia y severidad de los síntomas de asma.
¿Qué son los efectos de largo plazo en el desarrollo neurológico de niños que fueron expuestos al humo de tabaco durante el embarazo?La evidencia que muestra un déficit de aprendizaje general asociado con fumar en el embarazo ha sido contradictoria; algunos estudios mostraron pequeñas diferencias y otros no mostraron ningunas diferencias. Hay más evidencia que los niños de fumadores tienen más dificultades del oído. Los estudios han identificado este déficit en recién nacidos y en niños tan mayores como 12 años de edad. El déficit en esta área puede interferir con el aprendizaje del habla y más adelante el leer. Finalmente, algunos estudios sugieren que los hijos de madres que fuman pueden tener problemas manteniendo el enfoque, más problemas de conducta, y un aumento en la probabilidad de tener la diagnosis del trastorno de déficit de atención (ADHD)
¿ Daña al niño no nacido la exposición del humo de segunda mano?El humo de tabaco prenatal y posnatal suelen estar relacionados haciéndole difícil evaluar las contribuciones relativas de los diferentes métodos de exposición. La evidencia actual sugiere que el humo de segunda mano puede contribuir a efectos similares asociados con fumar activamente durante el embarazo. Sin embargo, el tamaño del efecto suele ser más pequeño.
RecursosNational Cancer Institute 1-800-4-CANCER or https://www.cancer.gov/espanol
Nicotine Anonymous 1-415-750-0328 https://nicotine-anonymous.org/espanol.htmlAmerican Lung Association 1-800-586-4872 or http://www.lung.org/espanol/
American Cancer Society 1-800-ACS-2345 or http://www.cancer.org/espanol/index
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Frequently Asked Questions about Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy
How many mothers smoke during pregnancy?
According to the 2010 Pregnancy Risk Assessment and Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 27 states:
o Approximately 10.7% of women reported smoking during the last three months of pregnancy.
How many mothers who smoke are able to quit during their pregnancy?
Of women who smoked 3 months before pregnancy, 54% quit during pregnancy. Among women who quit smoking during pregnancy, 44% relapsed within 6 months after delivery. How does cigarette smoke harm an unborn baby? Tobacco smoke has over 3,800 products in it with carbon monoxide and nicotine being the two largest components of the smoke. Cigarette smoke may harm a fetus by reducing blood flow or flow of oxygen to the fetus, by reducing the nutrients that reach the fetus, and by direct action to the fetus. Does maternal smoking during pregnancy result in smaller babies? The most consistent finding associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy is lower birth weight. Most studies find a difference of 200-250 grams between babies of mothers who smoke and those who do not. In addition, the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation has been found to be higher among women who smoked during their pregnancy. Does maternal smoking during pregnancy result in premature babies? The length of the pregnancy has been found to be lower among women who smoked during the pregnancy but the average decrease is typically 1-2 days. Studies assessing the incidence of prematurity have found mixed results, with some finding a significant increase and others not. Does prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke cause Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)? Studies examining the incidence of SIDS among women who smoke during pregnancy have also been mixed with some finding significant effects and others not. Parental smoking during early development has also been linked to an increased incidence of SIDS as a result of environmental tobacco smoke on a young respiratory system.
Does maternal smoking during pregnancy cause birth defects? Smoking during pregnancy can cause a baby to be born with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. There may be a correlation with other birth defects, including congenital heart defects, clubfoot, or gastroschisis. However, there have been no consistent findings of a pattern of birth defects associated with maternal smoking. Additional studies that control for other important factors that may impact fetal development are needed. What are the long-term effects on the growth of children exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy? The results from the British National Child Development Study on children’s growth and development suggested that children of women who smoked during their pregnancy continued to be shorter (an average of 1.0 cm) at seven and 11 years of age than children of women who did not smoke during pregnancy.
fgdgrsgfgrgrwtgwgsfgsgsef
Understanding Effects of Illicit Drugs Used During Pregnancy
Cocaine Facts Cocaine is a stimulant of the central nervous system, crosses the placenta during pregnancy, and enters the baby’s blood circulation. Researchers have not determined how much cocaine it takes to cause birth defects. It is recommended that any amount of cocaine be avoided during pregnancy.
Some studies have reported an increased risk of birth defects including abnormalities of the brain, heart,intestines, and limbs in babies whose mothers used cocaine prenatally. The risk for birth defects may be greaterif the mother used cocaine frequently during the pregnancy.
Increased risk for preterm delivery and low birth rate; before labor begins, cocaine can cause the placenta toseparate from the wall of the uterus (placental abruption) which can lead to extensive bleeding and can be fatalfor both the mother and baby; intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain) before or soon after birth cancause permanent disability.
The following behaviors and significant central nervous system problems have been seen in infants and young children whose mothers abused cocaine during pregnancy, especially close to delivery:
Irritability, interrupted sleep patterns, and problems with sensory stimulation. Problems with impulsive behavior, poor attention span, and language difficulties.
Marijuana Facts The main active chemical in marijuana is delta-9-THC and is known to cross the placenta during pregnancy. Smoking marijuana may decrease the amount of oxygen and nutrients the baby receives, thereby affecting the growth of the baby.
Some studies have suggested there is an increased risk of premature birth and low birth weight for babies whosemothers smoked marijuana regularly throughout the pregnancy and after delivery.
Most research studies have not found an increased risk for birth defects among babies exposed to marijuanaprenatally.
Some studies of prenatal exposure to marijuana have shown an effect on behavior, academic performance andshort term memory of children. These results were seen more often in children whose mothers were heavymarijuana users, typically one or more marijuana cigarettes per day.
Although the results from studies have been inconsistent, the possibility of an effect on the developing braincannot be ruled out.
It can be difficult to draw conclusions from studies on the use of drugs during pregnancy because some women use multiple drugs of abuse at the same time, or have increased risks because of poverty, poor nutrition, lack of prenatal care, or mental illness. Alcohol is quite often used concurrently with other drugs of abuse, typically marijuana, cocaine and cigarettes.
