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SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

Network ManagementMr Sherrif Moussa

Done By: Ronak S Aswaney, ID:0710229

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Objectives

y Understand what is a SNMP.

y Know the components of a SNMP.

y Understand the Interactions in a SNMP.

y

Understand how the SNMP protocol works.

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Introduction

y SNMP is a framework that provides facilities for managing and monitoring

network resources on the Internet.

y Components of SNMP:

SNMP agents SNMP managers

Management Information Bases (MIBs)

SNMP protocol itself

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Components of SNMP

y SNMP agent is software that runs on a piece of network equipment (host,

router, printer, or others) and that maintains information about its

configuration and current state in a database.

y Information in the database is described by Management Information

Bases (MIBs).

y An SNMP manager is an application program that contacts an SNMP agent

to query or modify the database at the agent.

y SNMP protocol is the application layer protocol used by SNMP agents and

managers to send and receive data.

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SNMP in The OSI Model

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Traps

Traps are unrequested event reports that are sent to a managementsystem by an SNMP agent process.

When a trappable event occurs, a trap message is generated by theagent and is sent to a trap destination (a specific, configurednetwork address).

Many events can be configured to signal a trap, like a network cablefault, failing NIC or Hard Drive, a General Protection Fault, or apower supply failure.

Traps can also be throttled -- You can limit the number of traps sentper second from the agent.

Traps have a priority associated with them -- Critical, Major, Minor,Warning, Marginal, Informational, Normal, Unknown.

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MIBS

y A MIB specifies the managed objects.

y MIB is a text file that describes managed objects using the syntax of ASN.1

(Abstract Syntax Notation 1).

y ASN.1 is a formal language for describing data and its properties.

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Managed Objects

y Each managed object is assigned an object identifier (OID)

y The OID is specified in a MIB file.

y An OID can be represented as a sequence of integers separated by decimal

points or by a text string:Example:

1.3.6.1.2.1.4.6.

iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.ip.ipForwDatagrams

y When an SNMP manager requests an object, it sends the OID to the SNMP

agent.

y Managed objects are organized in a tree-like hierarchy and the OIDs reflect

the structure of the hierarchy.

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SNMP Protocol

y SNMP manager and an SNMP agent communicate using the SNMP

protocol

Generally: Manager sends queries and agent responds

Exception:T

raps are initiated by agent.

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SNMP Protocol Cont.

y Get-request. Requests the values of one or more objects.

y Get-next-request. Requests the value of the next object, according to a

lexicographical ordering of OIDs.

y Set-request. A request to modify the value of one or more objects.

y Get-response. Sent by SNMP agent in response to a get-request, get-

next-reques

t, ors

et-reques

tmessage.

y Trap. An SNMP trap is a notification sent by an SNMP agent to an SNMP

manager, which is triggered by certain events at the agent.

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SNPM - UDP

y SNMP uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the transport mechanism for

SNMP messages.

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Conclusion

y SNMP information technology systems-monitoring has grown dramatically

and has drastically reduced the requirement for administrators to

manually monitor individual network components.

y SNMP provides many of the tools necessary to collect and analyze data to

enable system tuning for optimum performance and to identify when and

where future growth in the network is required.

y THANK YOU !!!

y ANY QUESTIONS?