Telecomunicaciones
description
Transcript of Telecomunicaciones
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TelecomunicacionesIng. Juan J. Salas Fukutake
2014
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Contenido1. Bases y antecedentes.2. Breve historia3. Elementos4. Ondas5. El Espectro Electromagnético6. Señales Analógicas y Digitales (Modulación) 7. Técnicas de Acceso8. La red de telefonía móvil9. Las redes de fibra óptica10.El futuro11.Preguntas
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Antecedentes
Filípides recorre 240 km desde Atenas hasta Esparta portando un mensaje de ayuda.
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TELECOMUNICACIÓNComunicar a distancia
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Un poco de historia
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Elementos
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Ondas
Una onda es una perturbación que viaja por un medio transmitiendo energía de un lugar a otro.
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Espectro electromagnético
1 Hz = un ciclo por segundo
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Espectro Electromagnético
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Modulación
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Señales Analógicas y Digitales
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Técnicas de Acceso (Multiplex)
FDM: Frecuency Division Multiplexing
TDM: Time Division Multiplexing
CDM: Code Division Multiplexing
WDM: Wavelength Division Multiplexing
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Red de Telefonía (PSTN)
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Coverage and Capacity
Mobile communications networks are designed for both area coverage and capacity for expected voice and data calls.
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Network of Cell Sites
Networks are made up of sites serving areas called cells. This may be shown as a honeycomb pattern but in practice cell shapes are not regular.
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Cell Area Depends on Geography and Calls
Antennas must be near users. The size of each cell is dependent on the number of calls, the physical terrain and the frequency of operation.
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Cell Sites Served by Base Stations
Each antenna site or base station consists of a mast or existing building to support the antennas and associated transmission and network equipment.
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The Mobile Switching Centre Connects Calls
Base stations are connected to a mobile switching centre where a call is connected to another mobile or fixed phone or the Internet.
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Handover Between Cells while Moving
As a mobile moves the call is passed between neighbouring cells, a process called handover. If there are gaps in the coverage the call could be dropped.
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Network Changed in Response to User Needs
As the number of users grows the larger cells will be divided into smaller sizes. As the cell size decreases, so also does the transmit power.
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Red de Telefonía MóvilIdeal Real
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Diseño de celdas
Utilizando software especializado podemos simular la propagación de señales de cada radiobase y los niveles de señal en cada zona de la ciudad.
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Fibras Ópticas
Usando la luz como portadora
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¿Cómo funciona?
Aprovechando los fenómenos de reflexión y refracción de luz, esta viaja a través de un conducto de vidrio muy delgado llevando la información de un lado a otro.
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FTTH Fiber to the home
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¿Ciencia Ficción?
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¿El Futuro?
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¿PREGUNTAS?