How AIS Data Can Improve Spatial Representation of Marine Vessel

Emissions

Richard Billings, Heather Perez, & Jennifer Sellers ERG

Holli Ensz, BOEMNoah Beieve, PortVision

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• 2000 Breton Emission Inventory• 2000 Central and Western GOM Inventory• 2005 Central and Western GOM Inventory• 2008 Central and Western GOM Inventory• 2011 Central and Western GOM Inventory• 2014 Central and Western GOM Inventory

(currently underway)

BOEM GOM Inventories

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BOEM GOM Emission Inventories

• Pollutants include:• Criteria Pollutants– CO, NOx, VOC, SOx,

– PM10 & PM 2.5

• Greenhouse Gas Pollutants– CO2, CH4, & N2O

• Hazardous Air Pollutants– 148 Regulated HAPs

(2014 only)

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BOEM Emission Inventories• Emission sources Include:– Individual processes on offshore O&G platforms– Non-platform Sources

• Marine Vessels– Seismic survey vessels– Exploratory drilling– Support vessels (supply boats & tugs, crew boats,

platform construction) – Pipe laying vessels– Commercial ships– Fishing vessels– Military ships– Lightering– LOOP

• Helicopters• Biogenic & Geogenic Sources

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Using Automatic Identification System Data for the GOM Inventory

• Participating vessels transmit signal with identification codes, current location, destination, direction, speed…

• Match vessels to their characteristics from Classification Society data sets to get detailed information about vessel type, vessel speed, propulsion engine power rating, engine speed, cylinder displacement, auxiliary engines…

• Activity can be estimated using the following Equation

A= Epr X LF X Ho

Where: A= Activity (kW-hrs) Epr = Total Vessel Power Rating ( kW) LF = Load Factor (fraction) Ho = hours of operation (hrs)

• Activity can be applied to available emission factors

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AIS Issues• Size and complexity of AIS output

• Coverage gaps in the GOM-VHF signal extending 25-30 miles from shore

• Data quality issues with static data elements (e.g., vessel type reported by AIS often too general or incorrect)

• Transmitters are turned off periodically

• Not all vessels are required to transmit signals 6 / 12

GOM Tanker Traffic

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GOM Bulk Carrier Traffic

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GOM Containership Traffic

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GOM Offshore O&G Support Traffic

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Location of Offshore Platforms

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Thanks

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GOADS 2011 study concept, oversight, and funding were provided by the

U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,

Environmental Studies Program, Washington, DC under

Contract Number M10PC00084.