U 3 fotosintesis.pptx
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Transcript of U 3 fotosintesis.pptx
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FOTOSINTESIS energia
H2O + CO2--------- O2 + (CH2Opigmentos
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IMPORTANCIA MUNDIAL
Mas de 2500 millones de toneladas de CO2 son trasformadas en alimento anualmente
Alternativa mayor para disminuir efecto del calentamiento global
Provee de Oxígeno a los demás seres vivos
El proceso que mas se investiga en el mundo
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Principios aplicados
Fluorescencia: captación de la energía lumínica. Excitación de los pigmentos activos
Efecto Emerson: - demuestra la actividad de los pigmentos- Participación de los mismos en fase
lumínica
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Expresión de la fotosíntesis
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Los cloroplastos
Con pigmentos esenciales para la fotosíntesis
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Pigmentos y longitudes de absorción
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Los pigmentos y la luz solar
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Cloroplastos estructura y función
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Almacenes de energía ATP
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Clorofilas moléculas claves
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Reacciones Foto lumínicas 50% del proceso
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Fase Oscura 50%
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Resumen ciclo de calvin
3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5 H2O + 9 ATP → C3H5O3- PO3
2- + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi
3 CO2 + 6 C21H29N7O17P3 + 5 H2O + 9 C10H16N5O13P3 → C3H5O3- PO3
2- + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 C10H15N5O10P2 + 8 Pi
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Dimorfismo cloroplastos
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Dimorfismo de cloroplastos
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Estomas e intercambio gaseoso
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Plantas C3
En general son las plantas que cumplen la fase lumínica y la fase oscura como lo explicado anteriormente.
La dotación de cloroplastos principalmente activos son los llamados cloroplastos del mesófilo
Con un solo captador de CO2: la ribulosa 1,5 difosfato
Plantas de clima frio hortalizas, trigo, papa cebada; algunas de clima cálido tabaco, arroz
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Variante 1 incorporación CO2
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Evidencias
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Acción enzimática C4
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Variantes C4
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Regulación enzimática
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Plantas C4
Doble dotación de cloroplastos Doble aceptor de CO2, además de la
ribulosa tiene el PEP Plantas que viven en climas con
temperaturas de 25 a 35oC Consumen menos agua que las C3 Tienen me4nos fotorespiración Pastos, Caña de azúcar, maíz
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Metabolismo C.A.M.
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Evidencias
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Reacciones metabólicas
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Reacciones metabólicas
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Regulación
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Variantes en incorporación de CO2
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Variantes en incorporación de CO2
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Variantes en incorporación de CO2
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Metabolismo CAM
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Maíz típica planta C4
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