Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.pdf
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Transcript of Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.pdf
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Al final del file hay una página con todos los “Símbolos Fonéticos”.
Los verbos irregulares tienen formas propias que se deben aprender de memoria.
Damos un elenco de los verbos irregulares más comunes.
El “past simple” traduce el pretérito perfecto y el pretérito imperfecto.
Por lo tanto,“I went” puede significar = yo fui o bien yo iba.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
be bi: was/were woz- w¨: been bi:n ser; estar
beat bi:t beat bi:t beaten bi:tn golpear
become bikúm became bikeim become bikúm volverse
begin bigin began bigAn begun bigún empezar
bend bend bent bent bent bent doblar -se
bind baind bound baund bound baund atar; encuadernar
bite bait bit bit bitten bitEn morder
bleed bli:d bled bled bled bled sangrar
blow blou blew blu: blown bloun soplar
break breik broke brouk broken broukEn romper
bring briN brought bro:t brought bro:t traer
build bild built bilt built bilt construir
burn b¨:n burnt b¨:nt burnt b¨:nt quemar -se
buy bai bought bo:t bought bo:t comprar
catch kAtS caught ko:t caught ko:t agarrar, coger
choose tSu:z chose tSouz chosen tSouzEn elegir
Carme lo Man gano – ht tp: / /www. ingle spa ra esp anole s . com – fo r pr iva te o r a cad emic us e only.
2
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
come kúm came keim come kúm venir
cost kost cost kost cost kost costar
cut kút cut kút cut kút cortar
deal di:l dealt delt dealt delt tratar
dig dig dug dúg dug dúg cavar
do du: did did done dún hacer
draw dro: drew dru: drawn dro:n dibujar; tirar de
dream dri:m dreamt dremt dreamt dremt soñar
dream dri:m dreamed dri:md dreamed dri:md soñar
drink driNk drank drANk drunk drúNk beber
drive draiv drove drouv driven drivEn conducir
eat i:t ate eit eaten i:tEn comer
fall fo:l fell fell fallen fo:lEn caer -se
feed fi:d fed fed fed fed alimentar
feel fi:l felt felt felt felt tocar, sentir
fight fait fought fo:t fought fo:t luchar
find faind found faund found faund encontrar
fly flai flew flu: flown floun volar
forget fEget forgot fEgot forgotten fEgotEn olvidar -se
forgive fEgiv forgave fEgeiv forgiven fEgivEn perdonar
freeze fri:z froze frouz frozen frouzEn helar; congelar
get get got got got got conseguir, volverse
get get got got gotten gotEn conseguir, volverse
Carme lo Man gano – ht tp: / /www. ingle spa ra esp anole s . com – fo r pr iva te o r a cad emic us e only.
3
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
give giv gave geiv given givEn dar
go gou went went gone gon ir -se
grind graind ground graund ground graund moler
grow grow grew gru: grown groun crecer; cultivar
hang hAN hung húN hung húN colgar
hang hAN hanged hANd hanged hANd colgar
have hAv had hAd had hAd haber; tener
hear hiE heard h¨:d heard h¨:d oír
hide haid hid hid hidden hidEn esconder -se
hit hit hit hit hit hit golpear
hold hould held held held held tener; agarrar
hurt h¨:t hurt h¨:t hurt h¨:t hacer daño
keep ki:p kept kept kept kept guardar, tener
know nou knew nju: known noun saber, conocer
lay lei laid leid laid leid poner
lead li:d led led led led dirigir; llevar
learn l¨:n learnt l¨:nt learnt l¨:nt aprender
learn l¨: learned l¨:nd learned l¨:nd aprender
leave li:v left left left left dejar; salir
lend lend lent lent lent lent prestar
let let let let let let permitir; dejar
lie lai lay lei lain lein echarse, acostarse
lose lu:z lost lost lost lost perder
Carme lo Man gano – ht tp: / /www. ingle spa ra esp anole s . com – fo r pr iva te o r a cad emic us e only.
4
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
make meik made meid made meid hacer
mean mi:n meant ment meant ment significar
meet mi:t met met met met encontrar -se
pay pei paid peid paid peid pagar
put put put put put put poner, meter
read ri:d read red read red leer
ride raid rode roud ridden ridEn montar
ring riN rang rAN rung rúN sonar
rise raiz rose rouz risen rizEn salir (sol), aumentar
run rún ran rAn run rún correr
say sei said sed said sed decir
see si: saw so: seen si:n ver
sell sel sold sould sold sould vender
send send sent sent sent sent enviar
set set set set set set poner
shake Seik shook Suk shaken SeikEn agitar
shine Sain shone Son shone Son brillar
shoot Sut shot Sot shot Sot disparar
show Sou showed Soud shown Soun mostrar
shut Sút shut Sút shut Sút cerrar –se
sing siN sang sAN sung súN cantar
sink siNk sank sANk sunk súNk hundir –se
sit sit sat sAt sat sAt sentar –se
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
sleep sli:p slept slept slept slept dormir
smell smel smelt smelt smelt smelt oler
smell smel smelled smeld smelled smeld oler
speak spi:k spoke spouk spoken spoukEn hablar
spell spel spelt spelt spelt spelt deletrear
spend spend spent spent spent spent gastar; pasar
spill spil spilt spilt spilt spilt derramar
spill spil spilled spild spilled spild derramar
spit spit spat spAt spat spAt escupir
spit spit spit spit spit spit escupir
split split split split split split dividir, partir
spoil spoil spoilt spoilt spoilt spoilt estropear -se
spoil spoil spoiled spoild spoiled spoild estropear -se
stand stAnd stood stud stood stud estar de pie
steal sti:l stole stoul stolen stoulEn robar
strike straik struck strúk s truck strúk golpear
swim swim swam swAm swum swúm nadar
take teik took tuk taken teikEn tomar -se
teach ti:tS taught to:t taught to:t enseñar
tear teE tore to: torn to:n romper -se
tell tel told tould told tould decir; contar
think †iNk thought †o:t thought †o:t pensar
throw †rou threw †ru: thrown †roun lanzar
Verbos irregulares más comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
understand understood understood comprender
úndEstAnd úndEstud úndEstud
wake weik woke wouk woken woukEn despertar -se
wear weE wore wo: worn wo:n llevar (puesto)
win win won wún won wún ganar, vencer
write rait wrote rout written ritEn escribir
Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
arise Eraiz arose Erouz arisen ErizEn surgir
awake Eweik awoke Ewouk awoken EwoukEn despertar -se
bear beE bore bo: born bo:n portar; dar a luz
to be born ser dado a luz
soportar
I was born... Yo fui dado a luz
bet bet bet bet bet bet apostar
bid bid bid bid bid bid pujar
breed bri:d bred bred bred bred criar
broadcast broadcast broadcast emitir, transmitir
bro:dka:st bro:dka:st bro:dka:st
burst b¨:st burst b¨:st burst b¨:st estallar
cast ka:st cast ka:st cast ka:st tirar, arrojar
Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
cling kliN clung klúN clung klúN aferrarse
creep kri:p crept krept crept krept moverse lentamente;
arrastrarse
forsake fEseik forsook fEsuk forsaken fEseikEn abandonar
kneel ni:l knelt nelt knelt nelt arrodillarse
knit nit knit nit knit nit tejer, tricotar
lean li:n leant lent leant lent apoyarse
lean li:n leaned li:nd leaned li:nd apoyarse
leap li:p leapt lept leapt lept saltar
leap li:p leaped li:pt leaped li:pt saltar
light lait lit lit lit lit encender -se
light lait lighted laitid lighted laitid encender -se
rid rid rid rid rid rid librar, librarse de
seek si:k sought so:t sought so:t buscar
shed Sed shed Sed shed Sed
despojarse de (hojas)
perder (peso)
shrink SriNk shrank SrANk shrunk SrúNk encoger –se
slide slaid slid slid slid slid resbalar
speed
speed
spi:d
spi:d
sped
speeded
sped
spi:did
sped
speeded
sped
spi:did
viajar a gran
velocidad; superar
los limites de
velocidad
spin spin spun spún spun spún hacer girar; hilar,
spread spred spread spred spread spred extender -se
spring spriN sprang sprAN sprung sprúN saltar
stride straid strode stroud stridden stridEn andar a zancadas
Carme lo Man gano – ht tp: / /www. ingle spa ra esp anole s . com – fo r pr iva te o r a cad emic us e only.
8
Verbos irregulares menos comunes con transcripción fonética y traducción.
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
string striN strung strúN strung strúN encordar; ensartar
strive straiv strove strouv striven strivEn esforzarse
swear sweE swore swo: sworn swo:n jurar, insultar
sweep swi:p swept swept swept swept barrer
swell swel swelled sweld swollen
swelled
swolEn
sweld
hincharse, crecer
(un río)
swing swiN swung swúN swung swúN balancear -se
thrive †raiv throve †rouv thriven †rivEn prosperar
thrive †raiv thrived †raivd thrived †raivd prosperar
thrust †rúst thrust †rúst thrust †rúst empujar con fuerza
tread tred trod trod trod
trodden
trod
trodEn
pisar
undertake undertook undertaken
úndEteik úndEtuk úndEteikEn
emprender (trabajo)
weave wi:v wove wouv woven wouvEn tejer
weep wi:p wept wept wept wept llorar
wet wet wet wet wet wet mojar
wet wet wetted wettid wetted wettid mojar
wind waind wound waund wound waund enrollar
wring wriN wrung wrúN wrung wrúN torcer
PHONETIC SYMBOLS = símbolos fonét icos
ú sun sol = a
A cat gato = un sonido entre la a y la e
a: car coche = a larga
E a boy un muchacho = sonido neutro
e pen pluma = e corta
i six seis = i corta
i: tree árbol = i larga
o not no = o corta
o: short corto = o larga
u put poner = u corta
u: food comida = u larga
¨: girl muchacha = sonido neutro largo
ou go ir = sonido neutro, seguido de u
j yes si = i marcada
s books libros = s
z zero cero = no existe en español
T that aquél = d con la lengua entre los dientes.
† thing cosa = sonido obtenido soplando con la
lengua entre los dientes.