CASA- COMUNA COOPERATIVA
Posconflicto Laboratory
“Athens: Labour, City, Architecture. Towards a Common Architectural Language”, 2011 A collective project at the Berlage Institute by Juan Carlos Aristizábal, Hyun Soo Kim, Ivan K. Nasution,
Davide Sacconi, Roberto Soundy, Yuichi Watanabe, Ji Hyun Woo, Lingxiao Zhang Tutors: Pier Vittorio Aureli, Maria S. Giudici, Platon Issaias, Elia Zenghelis
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Laboratory
3. COMMUNAL HOUSING PROGRAM
1. POST-CONFLICT SUBJECT
4. PARASITE
5. DAO
2. SELF-MANAGED COOPERATIVE HOUSING MOVEMENT IN CENTRAL AMERICA
1. POST-CONFLICT SUBJECT /More and more about less and less AND less and less about more and more.
SUBJECT AIndividual person with an income between 1 and 4 minimum wages per household and with NO access to market housing.
SUBJECT A
SUBJECT BIndividual person with an income over 5 minimum wages per household with limited access to market housing, and with NO access to housing in central urban areas.
SUBJECT B
BA
2. SELF-MANAGED COOPERATIVE HOUSING MOVEMENT IN CENTRAL AMERICA
1. Self-management 2. Mutual-aid 3. Collective ownership of property 4. Technical assistance
COCEAVIS (Central America) /Coordinadora Centroamericana Autogestionaria de Vivienda Solidaria
COOPERATIVA ACOVIVAMSE
COOPERATIVA ACOVIVAMSE
COOPERATIVA ACOVIVAMSE
COOPERATIVA ACOVIVAMSE
3. COMMUNAL HOUSING PROGRAM /Project as a citizens’ initiative
GUATEMALA CITY/Project as a citizens’ initiative CASA-COMUNA COOPERATIVA
CASA- COMUNA COOPERATIVA
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COMMUNAL HOUSING PROGRAM
We propose a regional cooperative platform grounded on the non-speculative social production of housing to promote cohabitation, coproduction and self-education by means of collective financing and migrant remittances for an autonomous and communal project in post-conflict Central America.
PROJECT
We seek to articulate an emancipatory, productive and solidarity-based initiative for collective action in meaningful cohabitation on the right to the territory.
PRINCIPLES
Posconflicto Laboratory
REMITTANCES NOURISHING THE COMMUNAL HOUSE CENTRAL AMERICAN COOPERATIVE
PROBLEM TO BE ADDRESSED
In only three decades, Central America shifted from a traditional agro-export economic model to one based on services, trade and transnational finance, especially dependent on migrant remittances and financial corporate capital.
PROBLEM TO BE ADDRESSED
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Meanwhile, Central America remains the region with the highest income inequality in Latin America and one of the highest globally. In a post-conflict context, subjected to continuous forced migration and territorial uprooting, plans and policies have since proven fundamentally limited in addressing inequalities on the access to adequate housing.
FROM AGRO-EXPORTS TO REMITTANCES, TOURISM AND MAQUILA
IN CENTRAL AMERICA (Goods and services as a % of of export GDP)
Commercial surplus
Remittances
Other services
Tourism
Maquila (in net exports)
Other exports outside CA
Traditional agro-exports
San Mateo Ixtatán, Huehuetenango in Guatemala, 2010 (photo: Andrés Asturias)
“RIGHT OF USE” COOPERATIVE HOUSING
“RIGHT OF USE” COOPERATIVE HOUSING
Non-speculative and non-profit cooperative model in which housing ownership rights reside in the cooperative.
“RIGHT OF USE” COOPERATIVE MODELS
Andel (Scandinavian countries)
“RIGHT OF USE” MODELS
Wohnprojekte (Germany)
SostreCívic (Catalonia)
FUCVAM (Uruguay)
COCEAVIS (Central America)
PROJECT
TOWARDS A COMMUNAL HOUSING PROGRAM
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1A “right of use” cooperative housing model—between renting and buying—for the collective access of adequate housing in central urban areas.
RENTING “RIGHT OF USE” COOPERATIVE
MODEL
BUYING
Right of use 1 year undefined undefined
Initial installment 1,000 USD (50% returnable)
2,500 USD (100% returnable)
20,000 USD (25% housing cost)
Monthly installments 350-600 USD 175-350 USD 600-900 USD (20 year mortgage)
Social impact - - - - - + + + + + - - - - -
Hypothetical case study of a 55m² housing unit Guatemala City’s central urban area
“RIGHT OF USE” COOPERATIVE HOUSING MODEL
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2A crossed-contributions financial mechanism for the inclusion of mixed-income social groups—Subject A and Subject B—to counteract spatial segregation and promote social integration in Mesoamerican cities (i.e. dweller-members: 20% Subject A and 80% subject B).
SUBJECT AIndividual person with an income between 1 and 4 minimum wages per household and with NO access to market housing.
SUBJECT A
SUBJECT BIndividual person with an income over 5 minimum wages per household with limited access to market housing, and with NO access to housing in central urban areas.
SUBJECT B
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3A communal investment trust based on mutual aid to promote collective financing and migrant remittances as an insurance to member households, to productively link cooperative members in urban and rural territories. Modes of participation: dweller-member, migrant-member, collaborator-member and investor-member.
DWELLER-MEMBERMember that participates in the creation of a housing cooperative to self-manage a collective space for living and working. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
DWELLER-MEMBER
MIGRANT-MEMBER
Member that participates in the creation of a housing cooperative to self-manage a collective space for living and working. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
Member in a migrant condition with the right to use a housing unit for a specific time period as agreed upon with the cooperative. Migrant-members may temporarily offer the use of their housing units to a third party—during the time of her or his absence—by means of agreed contributions below a comparable housing market rent. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
DWELLER-MEMBER
MIGRANT-MEMBER
COLLABORATOR-MEMBER
Member that participates in the creation of a housing cooperative to self-manage a collective space for living and working. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
Member in a migrant condition with the right to use a housing unit for a specific time period as agreed upon with the cooperative. Migrant-members may temporarily offer the use of their housing units to a third party—during the time of her or his absence—by means of agreed contributions below a comparable housing market rent. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
Member that participates in the cooperative’s cultural activities, and who may register in the next cooperative’s waiting list. (Voice and may vote on cultural activities co-promoted by the housing cooperative and Casa-Comuna).
DWELLER-MEMBER
MIGRANT-MEMBER
COLLABORATOR-MEMBER
INVESTOR-MEMBER
Member that participates in the creation of a housing cooperative to self-manage a collective space for living and working. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
Member in a migrant condition with the right to use a housing unit for a specific time period as agreed upon with the cooperative. Migrant-members may temporarily offer the use of their housing units to a third party—during the time of her or his absence—by means of agreed contributions below a comparable housing market rent. (Voice and voting rights in the housing cooperative.)
Member that participates in the cooperative’s cultural activities, and who may register in the next cooperative’s waiting list. (Voice and may vote on cultural activities co-promoted by the housing cooperative and Casa-Comuna).
Member that invests in the cooperative’s productive spaces. Productive spaces include commerce and service spaces, whether at the project’s lower floors, or as complementary urban facilities. (One voice and one vote in the communal investment trust co-managed by the housing cooperative and Casa-Comuna.)
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4Architecture and design as a self-management apparatus for social inclusion and environmental sensibility—including energy efficiency and renewable energies—in the production of living and working spaces.
A + + + =
A productive housing archetype
community development center
patio-portico
housing prototype
community development center
patio-portico
housing prototype
productive housing archetype
B + + + =
productive housing archetype
communal facility
patio-portico
housing prototype
B
community center
patio-portico
housing prototype
productive housing archetype
COMMUNAL HOUSING ARCHETYPE
A B +
LAT 14.6381º LON -90.5109º
LAT 14.6306º LON -90.4922º
LAT 14.6136º LON -90.5223º
LAT 14.5955º LON -90.5185º
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LAT 17.2485º LON -88.7576º BELMOPAN, BELIZE
LAT 13.7012° LON -89.2286°
LAT 13.7099° LON -89.1973° SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR
LAT 13.7061° LON -89.2073°
LAT 17.2536º LON -88.7664º BELMOPAN, BELIZE
LAT 14.0935º LON -87.1690º
LAT 14.1010º LON -87.1738º
LAT 14.1001º LON -87.1771º
LAT 12.1348º LON -86.2998º MANAGUA, NICARAGUA
LAT 12.1455º LON -86.2760º MANAGUA, NICARAGUA
LAT 12.1385º LON -86.2831º MANAGUA, NICARAGUA
LAT 9.0118° LON -79.5111° PANAMA CITY, PANAMA
LAT 9.9206º LON -84.0611º SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA
LAT 9.9389º LON -84.0595º SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA
LAT 9.9253° LON -84.0866° SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA
LAT 9.0061° LON -79.5207° PANAMA CITY, PANAMA
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR TEGUCIGALPA, HONDURAS
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GUATEMALA CITY
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GUATEMALA CITY
LAT 17.2485º LON -88.7576º BELMOPAN, BELIZE
LAT 13.7012° LON -89.2286°
LAT 13.7099° LON -89.1973° SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR
LAT 13.7061° LON -89.2073°
LAT 17.2536º LON -88.7664º BELMOPAN, BELIZE
LAT 14.0935º LON -87.1690º
LAT 14.1010º LON -87.1738º
LAT 14.1001º LON -87.1771º
LAT 12.1348º LON -86.2998º MANAGUA, NICARAGUA
LAT 12.1455º LON -86.2760º MANAGUA, NICARAGUA
LAT 12.1385º LON -86.2831º MANAGUA, NICARAGUA
LAT 9.0118° LON -79.5111° PANAMA CITY, PANAMA
LAT 9.9206º LON -84.0611º SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA
LAT 9.9389º LON -84.0595º SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA
LAT 9.9253° LON -84.0866° SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA
LAT 9.0061° LON -79.5207° PANAMA CITY, PANAMA
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR
SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR TEGUCIGALPA, HONDURAS
TEGUCIGALPA, HONDURAS
TEGUCIGALPA, HONDURAS
0 155 30 60 120m
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5A digital platform as an organizational and self-education instrument that allows for the leverage of collective finance and migrant remittances to provide access to adequate housing in central urban areas.
4. PARASITE /Parasite or quasi-algorithm - cooperative hedge fund
occupy FINANCE
Mondragon Cooperative / Lagunaro (Basque Country / Global)
Fair Coop (Global)
Robin Hood Cooperative (Global)
occupy FINANCE
architects civil engineers master builders
“urbanists”
architects civil engineers master builders
“urbanists”
real estate developers construction companies——>
architects civil engineers master builders
“urbanists”
real estate developers construction companies banks——> ——>
architects civil engineers master builders
“urbanists”
real estate developers construction companies banks BIG MONEY——> ——> ——>
architects civil engineers master builders
“urbanists”
real estate developers construction companies banks BIG MONEY——> ——> ——>
GLOBAL
Bloomberg Billionaires, “Today’s ranking of the world’s richest people”
Bloomberg Billionaires, “Today’s ranking of the world’s richest people”
Bloomberg Billionaires, “Today’s ranking of the world’s richest people”
URBANIZATION
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Homogeneous habitational grid
Urbanization
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
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Θ
Homogeneous habitational grid
Urbanization
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
Homogeneous Habitational Grid
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Θ
Homogeneous habitational grid
Urbanization
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
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Θ
Homogeneous habitational grid
Urbanization
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Urbanization
C
Θ
Homogeneous habitational grid
Urbanization
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
C
Θ
Homogeneous habitational grid
Urbanization
(speculative financial derivative and leveraged collateral)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
Speculative land
(financial derivative contract - debit risk graph)
Reappropriated communal land
(financial derivative contract - credit risk graph)
Parasite or quasi-algorithm structure
(time decay through theta)
Casa-Comuna Cooperativa
(self-managed cooperative housing platform)
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5. DAO /Distributed Autonomous Organization
Distributed Autonomous Organization (blockchain technology: Ethereum)
Gre
gorio
Agu
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Juan
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Man
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Moisés C
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Carlos H
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Rosa María
Castillo Samayoa
Mario Enrique Chávez Ovalle
Jorge Alberto Chávez Vásquez
Hilario Choc
Adriana Chocoj Culajay
Alfredo Estuardo Cifontes Navarro
Eusebio Coc Rompich
Mario Rolando Colindres Estrada
Eladio Culajay Castañeda
Narcisa Cusanero Xian
Cesar Augusto Dávila Estrada
Valentín de la Roca Solórzano
Héctor Manuel De León Escobar
Aladino Julián De León SalgueroMiriam Elizabeth Domínguez HerreraPablo Ejcalón Batz
Julio René Estevez Rodríguez
Julio Alberto Estrada IllescasFabián Estrada Satuy
Carlos Alfredo Fuentes González
Edgar Eugenio Fuentes Orozco
Carlos Eduardo Galindo Espinoza
Carlos Gálvez ThompsonMynor Elvidio Girón Cabrera
Evelia Girón Ruano
Gustavo Interiano G
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Ricardo Gram
ajo Cifuentes
Jorge Alfonso Gregorio Velásquez Soto
José Miguel G
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Arnoldo Rolando Guerra Castellanos
Jorge Rolando Hass M
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Arnoldo H
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Carlos Guadalupe H
errera Montenegro
Víctor M
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ontenegro
Mario H
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Esw
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Rosalia López Góm
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Víctor René López Pérez
Silvio Matricar D
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Luz Haydee M
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Héctor Manuel M
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Cruz Coco Mijangos
José Luis Monterroso Marroquin
María Zoe Oreno Armira
Juan Ramiro Estuardo Orozco López
Amilcar Blandemio Orozco Y Orozco
Luis Alberto Ortíz Quintanilla
Cesar Augusto Ovalle Villatoro
Antonio Ovando Sánchez
Ambrocio Pacheco Garcia
Juan Matías Palacios
Andrés Pastor González
José Guillermo Peláez Gramajo
Luis Rolando Peñate Lima
Julio Cesar Pereira Vásquez
Gustavo Adolfo Pérez De León
Candelaria Pop Coy
Carlos Humberto Quinteros García
Nélida Isabel Ramírez MirandaPablo Francisco Ramírez Rodas Pedro Reanda Toc
Edwin Rogelio Rivas Rivas
David Rivera ChacónIsab
el Roche Reyes Santiago Rodríguez Melgar
Hugo Salazar A
spiac
Claudina Betza
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Sergio Vinicio
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* Álva
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* Zoilo Canale
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* Dina P
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* Julio René C
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* Nicolás Caste
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* Edgar Estuardo Cetino Garnica
* Carlos Ernesto Cuevas Molina
* Pablo Cuz Moo
* José Luis De León Díaz
* Carlos Eugenio De León Gudiel
* María Escobar Lima
* Otto Reneé Estrada Illescas
* Félix Estrada Mejía* Rubén Amílcar Farfán
* Rudy Gustavo Figueroa Muñóz* Fernando Arturo Gálvez Martínez
* Lesbia Lucrecia García Escobar
* Leonso García Ramos
* Allan Gatica Paz
* Jorge Mauricio Gatica Paz
* Cresencio Gómez López
* Edgar Saturnino Gutiérrez Cabrera
* Andrés Gutiérrez G
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* Octavio René G
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* Adolfo Joel H
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* Pablo Gilberto H
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* José Porfirio Hernández Bonilla
* José Zenón H
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* Alejandro H
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* Gerardo Ico Chub
* Loreto Ico Toc
* Otto Leonel Juárez Ram
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inico Yaqui* Sergio Saúl Linares M
orales* M
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* Oscar D
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* Santiago López Aguilar* O
swaldo López Hernández
* Max Byron López Pérez
* Gustavo Adolfo Meza Soberanis
* Milquicidet Miranda Contreras
* Tranquilino Morales Xajil
* Sandra Isabel Natareno Vásquez
* Hugo Adail Navarro Mérida
* Tyrone Hamilton Neal Estrada
* Benjamin Rolando Orantes Zelada
* Alma Lucrecia Osorio Bobadilla
* Gabriel Humberto Pérez Car
* Edgar Orlando Ramazzini
* Fernandino Rafael Ramírez Canahui
* Carlos Guillermo Ramírez Gálvez
* Miguel Ángel Reyes González * José Rodolfo Reyna López * Jose Luis Rivas
* Edgar Gerardo Rivera Arévalo
* Marta Lidia Rivera Chacoón * Yolanda Consuelo Rodriguez Artea
ga
* Manuel Is
mael Salan
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* Juan de D
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* Juan
Albe
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Manuel
* Mois
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* Joa
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Distributed Autonomous Organization (blockchain technology: Ethereum)
C CC
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Gre
gorio
Agu
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Mario Enrique Chávez Ovalle
Jorge Alberto Chávez Vásquez
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Alfredo Estuardo Cifontes Navarro
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Mario Rolando Colindres Estrada
Eladio Culajay Castañeda
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Julio Alberto Estrada IllescasFabián Estrada Satuy
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Carlos Eduardo Galindo Espinoza
Carlos Gálvez ThompsonMynor Elvidio Girón Cabrera
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Gustavo Interiano G
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Héctor Manuel M
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Luis Alberto Ortíz Quintanilla
Cesar Augusto Ovalle Villatoro
Antonio Ovando Sánchez
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Juan Matías Palacios
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José Guillermo Peláez Gramajo
Luis Rolando Peñate Lima
Julio Cesar Pereira Vásquez
Gustavo Adolfo Pérez De León
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Carlos Humberto Quinteros García
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