English 1st. year
Sinopsis
Programa Oficial
Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Educación
Objetivo General N°1
Utilizar fórmulas apropiadas de interrelación personal en situaciones de la vida diaria.
Objetivos específicos
1.1 Saludar y despedirse.
1.2 Presentarse y presentar a otros.
1.3 Disculparse y aceptar disculpas.
1.4 Expresar agradecimiento y responder a él.
1.5 Entender y expresar aprobación y desaprobación.
1.6 Pedir, dar o negar permiso.
Objetivo General N°2
Entender y expresar mensajes que tengan el propósito de evitar o lograr un
comportamiento o acción.
Objetivos específicos
2.1 Entender y expresar mandatos, peticiones, instrucciones y prohibiciones.
2.2 Pedir, ofrecer, negar, aceptar o rechazar ayuda.
2.3 Pedir la repetición o aclaración de algo expresado por otra persona.
Objetivo General N°3
Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de personas, animales, cosas, lugares, hechos y
acciones.
Objetivos específicos
3.1 Dar, pedir y recibir información referente a la identificación de personas, animales y
cosas.
3.2 Dar, pedir y recibir información referente a la descripción de personas, animales,
cosas y lugares.
3.3 Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de la ubicación de personas, animales, cosas
y lugares.
3.4 Dar, pedir y recibir información que implique la idea del tiempo.
3.5 Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de los miembros de la familia.
3.6 Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de la existencia de personas, animales,
cosas y lugares.
3.7 Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de hechos y acciones que se están o
estaban realizando.
3.8 Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de hechos y acciones habituales.
3.9 Indagar acerca de gustos y expresarlos.
3.10 Dar, pedir y recibir información acerca de hechos y acciones que se realizaron.
Lesson 1
1. The English Alphabet
Aa (ei) Bb (bi) Cc (ci) Dd (di) Ee (i) Ff (éf) Gg (yi) Hh (eich) Ii (ái) Jj (yei)
Kk (kei) Ll (el) Mm (em) Nn (en) Oo(ou) Pp(pi) Qq (kiú) Rr (ar) Ss (es)
Tt (ti) Uu (iu) Vv (vi) Ww(dable iu) Xx (ex) Yy (uai) Zz (zi)
2. Cardinal numbers
1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven
8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen
14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen
19 nineteen 20 twenty
3. Days of the week
Sunday = Domingo Monday = Lunes Tuesday = Martes
Wednesday = Miércoles Thursday = Jueves Friday = Viernes
Saturday = Sábado
4. Months of the year
January February March
April May June
July August September
October November December
5. Dates
In English dates are expressed in this order:
MM/DD/YY May 15th
. 2016 or
Sunday, May 15th
. 2016
Exercises (obj. 3.4)
A. Unscramble the letters and find the days of the week and the months of the year
a. Mobrenev ______________________
b. Omyand ______________________
c. Arynaju ______________________
d. Uydnsa ______________________
e. Pirla ______________________
f. Edusyta ______________________
g. Tasugu ______________________
h. Rifdya ______________________
i. Botroce ______________________
j. Aystuadr ______________________
B. Write the dates in English:
a) 17 de Julio de 2016 (domingo)
b) 29 de abril de 2016 (viernes)
c) 8 de marzo de 2016 (martes)
d) 24 de noviembre de 2016 (jueves)
e) 22 de febrero de 2016 (lunes)
Singular
1ª. persona I yo
2ª. persona you tú
3ª. persona
he él
she ella
it *(eso)
Plural
1ª. Persona we nosotros
2ª.persona
you ustedes
3ª. Persona they Ellos (as)
El pronombre personal “it” se usa para referirnos a un animal o un objeto. Por ejemplo:
My cat is on the chair. (Mi gato está sobre la silla)
It is on the chair.
También se usa para referirnos al clima, la temperatura, el tiempo y la distancia:
It’s raining (Está lloviendo)
It is very hot today (Hoy hace mucho calor)
It is 9 O’clock (Son las 9 en punto)
It is 10 kilometers from San Antonio to Caracas (Son 10 kilómetros de San Antonio a
Caracas)
Ejercicios
A. Sustituye los nombres por pronombres personales. (Obj. 1.1)
a) Paula __________
b) The table ________
c) Peter and I_______
d) Gabriel_________
e) My cellphone _____
f) My mother _____
g) The dog _____
h) The students _____
i) My brother _____
j) Joe and Oscar _____
B. Completa las oraciones usando los pronombres (Obj. 1.1)
a) _____________ is big. (the blackboard)
b) _____________ like apples. (my mother and I)
c) _____________ is my best friend (Susan)
d) _____________ are students (Daniel and Isaac)
e) _____________ is brown. (my desk)
Lesson 2
1. Parts of the day – Greetings and saying goodbye
Mr. (mister) = señor
Mrs. (missis) = señora
Miss (miss) = señorita
2. “To Be” (Ser / estar)
I am = I’m Examples:
you are = you’re
he is = he’s I’m a student.
she is = she’s I’m at school
it is = it’s
we are = we’re We’re friends.
you are = you’re We’re in the classroom
they are = they’re
Informal Formal Hello / hi, Susy! Good morning, teacher!
Good afternoon, Mr. Perez!
Bye / Bye- bye, boys! Good Bye, Dr. Ascanio
See you… See you later / tomorrow /
next class, Mrs. Atencio
3. School Vocabulary
People Places
Boy
Girl
Student
Teacher
Pupil
Classmates
Principal
Friend
Secretary
Nurse
Security Guard
Dentist
Architect
School
Classroom
Yard
Bathroom
Basket course
Sport fields
Laboratory
Library
Cafeteria
Principal’s office
Lockers
Playground
Teachers’ room
Exercises (Obj. 3.1) A. Completa las oraciones usando la forma correcta del verbo “To Be” (am, is, are), como en el
ejemplo:
a) Mike IS my friend.
b) I________ a student.
c) Helen ___________ a secretary.
d) We_________ students
e) Thomas __________ from Colombia.
f) It_______________ a car.
B. Subraya la forma correcta del verbo "“To Be” (am, is, are), para completar las oraciones:
(Obj. 3.1)
a) Daniel (am, is, are) in the Principal’s office
b) Leslie and Karen (am, is, are) my friends.
c) Evelyn (am, is, are) the school nurse.
d) My dog (am, is, are) in the yard
e) The table (am, is, are) brown
C. Redacta oraciones sobre estas personas:
(Obj. 3.1)
a) Louis / security guard
b) Caroline and Alexis / the new teachers
c) Alicia / a student
d) My father / a dentist
e) Grace and I / architects
Lesson 3
1. Colors
blue
black
yellow
red
.
green
purple
orange
brown
1. Yes/ no questions vs. information questions.
Yes / no questions: Is she a Doctor? -Yes, she is.
Information questions: Where is she from? - She is from Colombia.
2. QUESTION WORDS
a) What = qué o cuál
b) Where = dónde
c) How old = que edad
Examples:
What is your name? – My name is Ana
Where are you from? - I’m from Italy
How old are you? – I´m 12 years old
3. Short answers.
Yes, (pronoun) (am, is, are)
Yes, I am.
Yes, he is.
Yes, they are.
No, (pronoun) (am, is, are + not)
No. I’m not.
No, she isn’t
No, they aren´t
Activity (Obj. 3.2)
1. Investiga: dark blue, light blue, navy blue, dark green, light green, magenta, burgundy.
Interrogative Negative Contractions
Singular
Am I…? I am not I’m not
Are you…? You are not You aren’t
Is he..?
Is she…?
Is it…?
He is not
She is not
It is not
He isn’t
She isn´t
It isn’t
Plural
Are we…? We are not We aren’t
Are you…? You are not You aren’t
Are they…? They are not They aren´t
2. Responde las preguntas usando verbo “To be” (Obj. 3.2)
a) What is your favorite color?
b) Are the school buses green?
c) Is your uniform shirt blue?
d) Are your tennis shoes brown?
e) What color is your school bag?
3. Escribe preguntas y respuestas cortas usando el verbo “To be” tal como en el ejemplo :
a) Carol is a student. Is Carol a student? (Obj. 3.1)
Yes, she is / No, she isn’t.
b) The students are in the classroom
c) My cat is on the desk
d) Henry is your teacher
e) Lucy and Ingrid are in the office
f) The blackboard is in front of the door.
4. Investigar los nombres de estos países y la nacionalidad correspondiente en inglés a fin de
completar el siguiente cuadro: (Obj. 3.1)
COUNTRY NATIONALITY
ALEMANIA
BELGICA
CANADÁ
DINAMARCA
ESPAÑA
FRANCIA
GRECIA
ITALIA
INGLATERRA
EGIPTO ESTADOS UNIDOS
VENEZUELA
5. Siguiendo el ejemplo, completa las
oraciones con las nacionalidades:
Ejemplo: Arturo / Chile
His __name is Arturo__________
He is from ___Chile____________
Arturo is ___chilean____________
a) Joao / Portugal
b) Ismael / Brazil
c) Goku / Japan
Lesson 4
1. Articles
Definite article “the” = el the pencil (el lápiz)
la the girl (la niña)
los the boys (los muchachos)
las the girls (las niñas)
Indefinite article “a” “an”= un a car (un carro)
una a princess (una princesa)
un *an actor (un actor)
una *an actress (una actriz)
*se usa “an” cuando el sustantivo comienza con vocal: an apple, an iceberg, an
elephant, an uncle, an oyster.
singular plural
A / an
Femenino: a
princess,
an actress
---------
Masculino: a car,
an actor ---------
The
Femenino: the
girl the girls
Masculino: the
pencil the boys
2. Plural of nouns
Usualmente se forman los plurales añadiendo “s” a los sustantivos: boy – boys, table –
tables, sin embargo existen las siguientes excepciones:
a) Sustantivos que terminan con una consonante seguida por la letra “y”: se suprime la “y”
y se sustituye por “ies”. Party- parties, candy- candies
b) Sustantivos que terminan con las letras: “o”, “s” “x” “sh” “ch”: se añade “es”. Tomato –
tomatoes, pass – passes, box –boxes, match – matches, wish – wishes.
c) Hay algunos sustantivos que no siguen estas reglas. Son irregulares y es necesario
aprenderlos individualmente porque aunque están en plural, no terminan con “s”. Estos
son:
SINGULAR PLURAL
hombre man men
mujer woman women
niño child children
persona person people
pié foot feet
diente tooth teeth
ratón mouse mice
Activity
Write the plural form:
a) Book
b) table
c) day
d) mosquito
e) car
f) monkey
g) hero
h) watch
i) dictionary
j) fox
k) city
l) man
m) class
n) baby
o) bus
3. Possessives
PERSONAL
PRONOUNS
POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES
I MY
YOU YOUR
HE HIS
SHE HER
IT ITS
WE OUR
YOU YOUR
THEY THEIR
4. Family members
Father: padre parents: padres
Mother: madre sister: hermana
Son: hijo
Daughter: hija
Husband: esposo
Wife: esposa
Brother: hermano
Relatives: parientes
Activity. (Obj. 3.1 / 3.5)
1. Escribe el adjetivo posesivo que corresponde al sujeto de la oración.
a) I am a student. ________ name is
Alexis
b) He is my friend. ________ name is
Robert.
c) She is my sister. ________name is
Annie.
d) We are students. ________ names are
Peter and John
e) You are classmates. ________ names
are Sonia and Terry
f) They are sisters. ________ names are
Sophie and Claudia
2. Investiga: abuelo. abuela, tío, tía, primo(a), suegro, suegra, cuñado, cuñada. (Obj. 3.5)
Lesson 5
1. Clothes vocabulary
shirt = camisa
t-shirt = franela
polo shirt = chemise
blouse = blusa
sweater / pullover = suéter
dress = vestido
vest = chaleco
suit = traje
coat = abrigo
raincoat =
impermeable
jacket = chaqueta
denim jacket =
chaqueta de jean
trousers / pants =
pantalones
jeans = jeans
shorts = pantalones
cortos
sneakers / tennis =
zapatos deportivos
boots = botas
slippers = pantuflas
pajamas = pijama
socks = calcetines
underwear = ropa
interior
swimsuit = traje de
baño
belt = cinturón
tie = corbata
handkerchief =
pañuelo
gloves = guantes
scarf = bufanda
cap = gorra
hat = sombrero
shoes = zapatos
sandals = sandalias
high-heeled shoes =
zapatos de taco alto
shoelaces = trenzas
de los zapatos
2. Verbo “to have” (tener)
I have
you have
he /she / it has
we / you / they have
Examples:
I have a blue raincoat
Susan has a red dress
My brother has a denim jacket
Activity
Answer about the clothes above:
a) What color is the scarf?
b) What color is the bikini?
c) What color are the boots?
d) What color is the dress?
e) What color are the jeans?
a. My mother ___________________________ a green car.
b. Sandra ___________________________ two cats and a dog.
c. My brother and I ___________________________ new cell phones.
d. Steve ___________________________ a baby sister, Camilla.
e. My classmates________________________ History classes today.
3. Possessive case ‘s
El caso posesivo es una forma de expresar la posesión en inglés cuando el poseedor es una persona,
un animal, o un país; la otra es con la preposición “of”. Se forma añadiendo al nombre del poseedor o
dueño un apóstrofe (‘) seguido por una “s” y en seguida la cosa poseída (sustantivo sin artículo)
Ejemplo:
My father’s car = El carro de mi padre
Mary’s book = El libro de Mary
The cat's ears = Las orejas del gato
France's cities = las ciudades de Francia
Cuando el poseedor está en plural acabado en “s” y cuando el poseedor es un nombre propio acabado
en “s”: el apóstrofe se ubica después de la “s”.
My friends’ car = El carro de mis amigos
Charles’s car = El carro de Carlos
4. Adjectives
En inglés los adjetivos no cambian de acuerdo al género ni al número, como en español y
van colocados antes del sustantivo o después del verbo “To Be”. Por ejemplo:
Carol is a nice girl. = Carol es una muchacha agradable
She is nice. = Ella es agradable
BMWs are expensive cars. = Los BMW son carros costosos
BMW cars are expensive. = Los carros BMW son costosos
Investiga en internet, o con la ayuda de un diccionario, el significado de los siguientes
adjetivos:
Big __________________
Small __________________
Short __________________
Long __________________
Tall _________________
Fat __________________
Thin __________________
Old __________________
Young __________________
Pretty __________________
Ugly __________________
Nice __________________
Activity
1. Use el caso posesivo (‘s) y redacta oraciones completas (Obj. 3.1)
a) Mary / car / new: _______Mary’s car is new________
b) Danny /computer / modern
c) My dog / toy / yellow
d) Book / Alfred / interesting
e) Music / Venezuela / beautiful
2. Completa con los miembros de la familia: (Obj. 3.5)
a) My mother’s son is my ________________
b) My father’s daughter is my _______________
c) My mother’s husband is my _______________
d) My father’s wife is my___________________
3. Responde las preguntas. Sigue el siguiente ejemplo:
What are you wearing? (jeans and a white shirt) (Obj. 3.2)
I’m wearing jeans and a white shirt.
a) What is Jenny wearing? (a red dress and high heels)
b) What color are her shoes? (black)
c) What color is Sammy’s sweater? (navy blue and white)
d) What color are your tennis shoes? (white)
e) What are the boys wearing? (school uniforms)
4. Redacta oraciones descriptivas usando los adjetivos indicados y el verbo “To be”
a) Tall/ short: Sandra (1.85mts) (Obj. 3.2)
Wendy (1.54mts)
b) Old / young Sabrina (17 years old)
Mr. Henderson (95 years old
c) Big / small My hamster “Lily”
My rottweiller dog “Champ”
Lesson 6
Existence of things (existencia) (Obj. 3.3 / 3.6)
There is = Hay (singular) There is a stereo in my room
There are = Hay (plural) There are three chairs in the kitchen
1________________ a lamp in the room.
2. Susan, ________a chair in the garden?
3. “Are there many windows in the house?”
“Yes,_____________ many.”
4. “Is there a dog in the house?” “No, _____
5. ___________ many glasses on the table.
6. In the garden__________ three big trees.
7. Carol,_________ much coffee in the cup?
8. This morning ________ many children in
the park.
9. ________________ a man in the garden?
10. “Is there much tea in the cup?”
“No, there ____________much.”
11. _______ two little trees in the garden.
12. _______ a nice door in this house.
13. ________ many windows in the house?
14. ________a little girl in the room?
15. Mum, ____________water in the glass?
16. Susan, _________ many cups at home?
17. ________________many glasses here.
18. _______many boys and girls in the park.
19. ________ a little girl outside our house?
20. “Are there four rooms in the house?”
“No, ___________ five”
Numbers from 20 to 100
20 twenty 21 twenty one 22 twenty two 23 twenty three 24 twenty four 25 twenty five
26 twenty six 27 twenty seven 28 twenty eight 29 twenty nine
30 thirty 31 thirty one 32 thirty two 33 thirty three …
40 forty 41 forty one 42 forty two… 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty
90 ninety 100 one hundred
Food
Investiga el significado de las siguientes palabras, ya sea en Internet o con ayuda de un diccionario:
ham
Hamburger
hot dog
milk
orange
food
Salad
sandwich
Banana
Bread
Cereal
chocolate
coffee
egg
juice
apple
ketchup
cheese
Investiga el significado de los siguientes términos, ya sea en Internet o con ayuda de un diccionario:
Countable nouns uncountable nouns
Quantifiers: some, any, many, much
Some Any Much many We usually use some in
positive sentences for
countable and
uncountable nouns.
I
have some friends in
London.
I usually
drink some wine with
my meal.
One, small or all. It is used with
negative sentences. When asking
questions and when a sentence
is grammatically positive, but the
meaning of the sentence is negative.
Do you have any ice cream left for
me?
My brother never does any chores.
Much is used to
express that there is a
large quantity of
something.
Many is used to
express that there is a
large quantity of
something.
A little, a few or small
number or amount. We use any for both countable and
uncountable nouns. Much is used with
uncountable nouns.
Many is used with
countable nouns.
Sometimes we use
some in a question,
when we expect a
positive YES answer.
Would you
like some more tea?
Could I
have some more sugar
please?
Do you have any cheese?
He doesn't have any friends
in Paris
They don't
have much money to
buy a present.
I don't
have many English
stamps in my
collection.
Activity (Obj. 3.6)
1. Write sentences using “there is, there are” in affirmative, negative and question form
a) a sandwich / on my plate
b) some cheese / in the fridge
c) bananas / on the table
d) many oranges / in the bag
e) a hamburger / on the grill
2. Completa las oraciones usando “There is, there are, there isn’t, there aren’t (Obj. 3.6)
a. ____________________ an apple in the fridge.
b. ____________________ two girls in the park.
c. ________________(not) many children at school.
d. ____________________ a telephone on the desk.
e. ____________________three books on the table.
f. ________________(not) a bus parked in front of the school
g. ____________________a dog in the garage.
h. ____________________many rainy days in December.
i. ____________________ a bird singing on my window.
j. ____________________ a lot of girls in the party.
3. Completa las oraciones usando “any” “some” “much” o “many”. (Obj. 3.1)
Andrew: Mom, is there _____________ orange juice in the refrigerator?
Mom: No, Andy. There isn’t _________, but there is ___________ lemonade.
Andrew: Thank you, mommy, and… are there _________ tomatoes?
Mom: Yes, honey. There are _________ tomatoes. There is also ________ lettuce,
in case you’re making your “special sandwich”.
Andrew: Yes, mommy, I am! But I also need…
Mom: Oh Andy! Just go downstairs to the kitchen!
4. Write these numbers in English: (Obj. 3.1)
a) 43___________________________
b) 128__________________________
c) 89___________________________
d) 92___________________________
e) 31___________________________
f) 75___________________________
g) 64___________________________
h) 157__________________________
i) 26___________________________
j) 130__________________________
• Reading Comprehension Activity.
Directions: Read the passage. Then answer the questions below.
Carly's Family
Carly has a large family. She lives with four people. Carly also has two pets.
Carly’s mom is a doctor. Carly’s mom works at the hospital. Carly’s mom helps people who are
sick.
Carly’s dad works at home. Carly’s dad cooks for the family. Carly’s dad drives the kids to soccer
practice. Carly has two brothers. James is ten years old. Scott is fourteen years old.
Carly has two pets. Jinx is a small, black cat. Diego is a large, brown dog.
Carly loves her family!
1) How many people are in Carly's
family?
A. four
B. five
C. six
2) Carly's mom works at the
A. restaurant
B. mall
C. hospital
3) This passage is mostly about Carly's
A. family
B. pets
C. soccer team
4) Which of the following is most likely
true?
A. Carly's mom coaches the soccer
team.
B. James is the best soccer player
in the family.
C. Jinx and Diego are part of Carly's
family.
5) The oldest brother in Carly's family is
A. James
B. Scott
C. Diego