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UNIVERSIDAD EAN
Facultad de Estudios en Ambientes Virtuales
Lenguas Modernas Educacin Virtual
PORTAFOLIO
Preparado por:
Santiago Alejandro Ortegn Sarmiento
Bogot
2013
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Individual Work
Business English TranslationGua 1. Translation, Translatology and the Translator.
Submitted to:
Daniel Alejandro Mrquez Guzmn
By:
Santiago Alejandro Ortegn Sarmiento
EAN UNIVERSITY
Faculty of Distance Learning Studies
Bogota - Colombia
2013
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CONTENTS
Page.
OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................................. 4
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 5
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... 6
RESUMEN ...................................................................................................................................... 7
1. ACTIVITY 1. TRANSLATION FUNDATIONS .................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1. OUTLINE - WHAT IS TRANSLATION? ............................................................................ 12
1.2. TRANSLATING PARAGRAPHS: ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
2. ACTIVITY 2. TRANSLATION COMPETENCES ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2. TRANSLATION - ROLE OF TRANSLATOR ..................................................................... 13
2.3 MIND MAPICONTEC REGULATIONS ........................................................................... 17
3. ACTIVITY 3. TRANSLATION PROCEDURES, STRATEGIES AND METHODS. ........ 18
3.1 SCHEME - TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES ........................................................................ 18
3.2. ARTICLE EXTRACT TRANSLATIONS ............................................................................. 19
CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................ 24
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................. 25
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OBJECTIVES
Recognize and identi fy translati on basics.
Analyze multi ples techniques and apply them to var ious activiti es in order to i denti fyunexpected situations whi le translati ng.
Understand the basic translati on regulations in Colombia.
Acqui re knowledge of the various translati on competences in order to be able toreach the experti ze in the dif ferent contexts translati on may be experi ence.
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INTRODUCTION
With the start of the phenomenon known as globalization i n the late of twenti eth
centur y, borders have been expanded around the worl d, and i t has become easier for
individuals of diff erent cultu res to connect wi th each other . I n order for these intercultur al
exchanges to occur , translator s and i nterpreters may be necessary. Both types of
professions convert i nf ormation and transmit messages from one language to another one.
I nterpreters convert spoken l anguage and sign language, whi le translators work with
wr itten words.
There are dif ferent acti vit ies developed in thi s guide, such as an outl ine, several
translati ons of ar ticles in regard the same subj ect, as well as a schema. Al l of these serve to
analyze and present important elements involved in translati on: foundations, regulations,
and the role, the competencies and the techn iques translator may use based uponNorma
Tcnica Colombiana.
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ABSTRACT
Key Words: translation, interpretation, transference, exact science, cryptography, art,
craft, writing, decoding, re-encoding, faithfulness, transparency, problems,
unstranlatability, common words, different fields, trends, CAT (Computer-assisted
translation),
The world is more globalized than ever and as many cultures unite, so does their
languages, the problem is that not all people handle many languages, then they need help to
communicate both writing and orally. Translators are those who will help make this process
possible. By developing this guide we created the foundations of our profile as a translator,
identified how this career looks around the world, how it looks in Colombia (its rules), the
styles used by translators when they translate a text, the translation styles that exist and we
began our path by translating small texts and excerpts.
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RESUMEN
Palabras Claves: Traduccin, Interpretacin, Transferencia, ciencia exacta, criptografa, arte,
oficio, escribir, descifrar, re-codificacin, fidelidad, transparencia, problemas, intraducible
(Untranslatability), palabras comunes, campos diferentes, tendencias, traduccin asistida por
computador.
El mundo est ms globalizado que nunca, y al unirse varias culturas, tambin se unen
varios idiomas, el problemas es que no toda la gente maneja muchos idiomas, as que
necesitan ayuda para comunicarse tanto de forma escrita, como de forma oral. Los traductores
son los que ayudarn a que ese proceso sea posible. Desarrollando esta gua creamos las bases
de nuestro perfil como traductor, identificamos cmo se ve esta profesin alrededor del
mundo, cmo se ve en Colombia (qu reglas hay) y los estilos que usan los traductores cuando
traducen un texto, los estilos de traduccin que hay y tambin empezamos nuestro camino
traduciendo pequeos textos y extractos.
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Activity 1.
3. Create an outline summarizing the most relevant components of the article.
Thesis: What is translation?
1. Translation.a. Translation is the activity of taking a message from one language and
creates an equivalent text in another language.
2. The term and the concept of translation3. Common misconceptions.
a. It is not an exact science.b. Is it an Art or craft?
4. Translation vs. Interpreting.a. Translation.
i. Translation expressed by writing.ii. Expects to be 99% accurate.
b. Interpreting.i. Translation expressed orally or with gestures.
ii. Expects to be at least 70% accurate.5. Translation process.
a. Decoding the meaning of the source text.b. Re-encoding this meaning in the target language.
6. Measuring success in translation.a. Faithfulness.
i. No adding or subtracting anything from the message.b. Transparency.
i.
It is really clear when a Native speaker reads it?
7. Translation problems.a. Problems with the original text (source text).b. Language problems.c. Other.
i. Rhymes, puns and poetic meters.
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ii. Highly specific cultural references.iii. Euphony or dissonance.
8. The problem of untranslability.a. Some words are defined as untranslatable.
9. The problem of common words.a. Some common words are even more difficult to translate than others.
10.Specialized types of translation.a. Any written text can be translated.
i. Administrative translation.ii. Commercial translation.
iii. Computer translation.iv.
General translation.
v. Legal translation.1. Should be an expert with the law.
vi. Literary translation.1. Should be a very skillful translator.2. Poetry is one of the most difficult texts to translate.
vii. Medical translation.viii. Pedagogical translation.
ix. Scientific translation.x. Scholarly translation.
xi. Technical translation.xii. Translation for dubbing and film subtitles.
b. Historyi. Translation of religious texts.
11.Trends in translation.a. Machine translation.
i. Produces the target text with no human intervention.b. Computer-assisted translation (CAT).
12.Cultural Translation.13.Criticism of translation.
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4. Translate the paragraphs as follows (taken from the article):
1. Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in onelanguage and the production, in another language, of a new, equivalent text, ortranslation.
La traduccin es una actividad que comprende la interpretacin del significado de un texto
en un idioma y la produccin, en otro idioma, de un nuevo, equivalente texto o traduccin.
2. There is also debate as to whether translation is an art or a craft.Tambin hay un debate sobre si, la traduccin es un arte o una ciencia.
3. Although interpreting can be considered a subcategory of translation in regard to theanalysis of the processes involved (translation studies), in practice the skills required for
these two activities are quite different.
Aunque la interpretacin puede ser considerada una subcategora de la traduccin en lo
que se refiere al anlisis de los procesos implicados (estudios de traduccin), en la prctica
las habilidades requeridas para estas dos actividades, son algo diferentes.
4. Decoding the meaning of the source text, and re-encoding this meaning in the targetlanguage.
Descifrar el significado del texto original, y re-codificar este significado en el lenguaje
objetivo.
5. Poorly written text.Texto pobremente escrito.
6. Measuring success in translation.Medir el xito en la traduccin.
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7. Obscure jargon.Jerga oculta.
8. Scholarly translation.Traduccin escolar.
9. If you want to work independently, you may want to start by marketing your services tolocal businesses.
Si se quiere trabajar independientemente, podra empezar por comercializar sus servicios a
negocios locales.
10.Translators receive extensive practice with representative texts in various subject areas,learn to compile and manage glossaries of relevant terminology, and master the use of
both current document-related software (for example, word processors, desktop publishing
systems, and graphics or presentation software) and computer-assisted translation (CAT)
software tools.
Los traductores reciben una extensiva prctica con textos representativos en varias
materias, aprenden a compilar y a manejar glosarios de terminologa relevante, y dominan
el uso de tanto el actual documento-relacionado (document-related) software (por ejemplo,
procesadores de palabras, sistemas de edicin, y software de grficas o presentaciones) y
herramientas de software de traduccin asistida por computador (computer-assisted
translation o CAT).
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Activity 2.
1.
After watching the video, answer the question at the end of the Object in groups.
Then record your conclusions in your portfolio. Do not forget to file a great proposal
corresponding to the translation of the 5 sentences comprised in the video, and a possible
design of the video for Latin America.
1. A Cool life. 1. Una Vida Genial.2. A Fresh life. 2. Una Vida Fresca.3. A Bright life. 3. Una Vida Brillante.4. A Healthy life. 4. Una Vida Saludable.5. A Delightful life. 5. Una Vida Encantadora.
Link of the video:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHYdbdfFC5s
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHYdbdfFC5shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHYdbdfFC5shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHYdbdfFC5shttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHYdbdfFC5s7/27/2019 Portafolio TRaduccin de Ingls de Negocios 1
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2.
After recording the video and understanding the competencies you need to develop in
order to become a great translator, enter this website and translate the contents of the
article Role of translator.
El Rol del Traductor.
(Role of a Language Translator)
"Translators are language professionals. They are applied linguists, competent writers,diplomats, and educated amateurs. Like linguists, translators have to be capable of discerning
subtleties and nuances in their languages, researching terminology and colloquialisms, andhandling new developments in their languages. Like writers, translators have to be
accustomed to working long hours alone on a subject which interests few people and with a
language that few people around them know. Like diplomats, translators have to be sensitive
to the cultural and social differences which exist in their languages and be capable ofaddressing these issues when translating. And like educated amateurs, translators have to
know the basics and some of the details about the subjects they deal with...
...The fundamental rule when you're not sure of a term or phrase is ask. An important part of
the translator's role is to communicate with the client -- and a good translator knows when toask questions."
"Translators are language professionals. They are applied linguists, competent
writers, diplomats, and educated amateurs.
Los traductores son profesionales del lenguaje. Ellos son lingistas aplicados, escritores
competentes, diplomticos y aficionados educados.
Like linguists, translators have to be capable of discerning subtleties and nuances in
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their languages,
Al igual que los lingistas, los traductores deben ser capaces de discernir sutilezas y
matices en sus idiomas,
Researching terminology and colloquialisms, and handling new developments in their
languages.
Investigando terminologa y coloquialismos, y manejando nuevos desarrollos en sus
idiomas.
Like writers, translators have to be accustomed to working long hours alone on a
subject which interests few people and with a language that few people around them
know.
Al igual que los escritores, los traductores deben estar acostumbrados a trabajar solos por
largas horas, en un tema que le interesa a pocas personas y con un idioma que pocas
personas, alrededor de ellos, conocen.
Like diplomats, translators have to be sensitive to the cultural and social differences
which exist in their languages and be capable of addressing these issues when
translating.
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Al igual que los diplomticos, los traductores deben ser sensibles a las diferencias
culturales y sociales que existen en sus idiomas, y deben ser capaces de dirigir estos
problemas cuando estn traduciendo.
And like educated amateurs, translators have to know the basics and some of the
details about the subjects they deal with...
Y al igual que los aficionados educados, los traductores deben saber lo bsico y algunos
detalles sobre los temas que ellos tratan
The fundamental rule when you're not sure of a term or phrase is ask. An important
part of the translator's role is to communicate with the client -- and a good translator
knows when to ask questions."
La regla fundamental, cuando no ests seguro de un trmino o una frase, es preguntar. Una
parte importante del rol del traductor es comunicarse con el clientey un buen traductor
sabe cundo preguntar.
Texto en Espaol.
Los traductores son profesionales del lenguaje. Ellos son lingistas aplicados,
escritores competentes, diplomticos y aficionados educados. Al igual que los lingistas,
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los traductores deben ser capaces de discernir sutilezas y matices en sus idiomas,
Investigando terminologa y coloquialismos, y manejando nuevos desarrollos en sus
idiomas. Al igual que los escritores, los traductores deben estar acostumbrados a trabajar
solos por largas horas, en un tema que le interesa a pocas personas y con un idioma que
pocas personas, alrededor de ellos, conocen. Al igual que los diplomticos, los traductores
deben ser sensibles a las diferencias culturales y sociales que existen en sus idiomas, y
deben ser capaces de dirigir estos problemas cuando estn traduciendo. Y al igual que los
aficionados educados, los traductores deben saber lo bsico y algunos detalles sobre los
temas que ellos tratan
La regla fundamental, cuando no ests seguro de un trmino o una frase, es preguntar.
Una parte importante del rol del traductor es comunicarse con el clientey un buen
traductor sabe cundo preguntar.
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3.
To understand a little bit better the regulation for translation in Colombia. Read the
Icontec Regulation on Translation and discuss it with the members of your team. Then
create a mind map comprising the following aspects:
a. Professional competencies of the translator.
b. Main requirements.
c. Technological resources for translating.
MIND MAP ABOUT REGULATION ON TRANSLATION
Source:Katherinne Bolivar Borda, Hugo Guiovanni Perez Cabezas, Diana RocioGiraldo Cruz. Santiago Alejandro Ortegon Sarmiento . Based upon: Norma de
Traduccin en ColombiaICONTEC
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Activity 3.
1.
After having read the three articles, create a scheme (use the tool of your preference)
in which you can include and distinguish methods, strategies and procedures of
translation (do not forget to take into account the definition).
Translation Techniques
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2.
Once you have understood the techniques you can use to resolve translation
difficulties, read and translate the following article:link here.
You DO NOT have to translate the entire article; you just have to extract 20 excerpts
and translate them by specifying the technique implemented. Use the chart as follows:
- Source Language
- Target Language
-Technique implemented
Tabla
Abajo
http://www.teachmebusiness.co.uk/page29/page16/page18/assets/Functionalareas.pdfhttp://www.teachmebusiness.co.uk/page29/page16/page18/assets/Functionalareas.pdfhttp://www.teachmebusiness.co.uk/page29/page16/page18/assets/Functionalareas.pdfhttp://www.teachmebusiness.co.uk/page29/page16/page18/assets/Functionalareas.pdf7/27/2019 Portafolio TRaduccin de Ingls de Negocios 1
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Source language Target language Technique used
In a large organization, it is
usually easier to identifyseparate functional areas
because people work
together in departments.
Usualmente, en una compaa
grande, es mucho ms fcilidentif icar por separado las
reas funcionales, ya que las
personas trabajan de forma
conjun ta en los departamentos.
Compensation
Word by word
The main purpose of
functional areas is to ensure
that all important business
activities are carried out
efficiently
El objetivo principal de las reas
funcionales es el de asegurar
que todas las actividades de
negocios importantes son
l levadas a cabo eficientemente.
Word by word
All businesses must look
after customers or clients
who have an enquiry,
concern or complaint.
Todos los negocios deberan
hacer un seguimiento a los
cli entes que tienen una peticin,
queja o reclamo.
Compensation
Adaptation
Most businesses have a
special procedure for
dealing with customer
complaints, to ensure these
are dealt with quickly and
consistently.
La mayora de los negocios
tienen un procedimiento especial
para atender las quejas de los
usuar ios, para asegurar que se
hagan de una f orma rpida y
constante.
Adaptation
L iteral translation
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Many organizations
outsource both storage and
distribution to external
contractors. This means
paying a specialistfirm to
do the work.
Muchas organi zaciones
subcontratan los servicios de
distribucin y bodega, lo que
signif ica que pagan a una
empresa dedicada a este trabajo
para que lo hagan por ell os.
Compensation
Most entrepreneurs consider
this is the most important
function in the business.
La mayora de los emprendedores
consideran que esta es la funcin
ms importan te en los negocios.
L iteral translation
Today, virtually all
businesses use computer
accounting packages to
record financial
transactions and prepare
their accounts as well as
spreadsheets to analyze
financial data.
Hoy en da todos los negocios
usan paquetes de contabi l idad
para usarl os vir tualmente con el
f in de guardar las transacciones
f inancieras y preparar sus propias
cuentas ascomo l as hojas de
clculo para anali zar los datos
financieros.
Reformulation
Compensation
Word by Word
Normally, new employees
attend an inductionprogramme which tells them
about the business, their
rights and responsibilities
as employees, the company
rules and the requirements
of their new job.
Normalmente, los nuevos
empleados asisten a un programa
de induccin donde aprenden
sobre la funcin del negocio, los
derechos y deberes como
empleados, el r eglamento de la
empresa y las funciones y
requerimientos de su nuevo
trabajo.
Reformulation
Compensation
It is no use developing new
products or services if no
one knows about them.
No se proponen nuevos productos
o servicios si nadie los conoce.
Word by Word
Sales is a crucial function
for all businesses.
Las ventas son una funcin
crucial para todos los negocios.
Word by word
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Shops that sell basic
products, such as chocolates
or magazines do not need to
do much selling.
Las tiendas que venden productos
bsicos, como chocolates o
revistas, no necesitan vender
mucho.
L iteral translation
Employing a skilled sales
force is expensive,
especially if they are paid
bonuses or commission.
Contratar a personas con
habi li dades para vender es
costoso, especialmente si se les
paga con bonos o por comi siones.
Word by Word
Reformulation
All sales staff should know
there are a number of laws
that protect customers and
understand which type of
sales activities are legal and
which are not.
Todos los que hagan parte del
departamento de ventas deberan
saber que hay leyes que protegen
a los clientes, ascomo entender
qutipo de tcnicas de ventas son
legales y cules no.
Reformulation
Production refers to the
manufacture or assembly of
goods.
La produccin se ref iere a la
fabricacin o montaje de
productos.
L iteral translation
Today, many production
processes are automated.
Hoy en da, muchos procesos de
produccin son automatizados.
Reformulation
When a process cannot be
automated, teams of operators
may work together and take
responsibility for a sequence
of operations.
Cuando un proceso de produccin
no puede ser automati zado, el grupo
de operadores trabajan juntos y
toman la responsabil idad de la
secuencia de operaciones
Word by word
Improvements to existing
products are often ongoing as
a result of market research or
customer feedback
Realizar la mejora de los productos
ya existentes son el resultado de
encuestas realizadas a las personas
o retroalimentacin de los clientes.
Reformulation
Applied research is focused
investigation into how new
Las investigaciones aplicadas se
enfocan en como nuevos
L iteral translation
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discoveries can be used to
improve products
descubr imientos puedes ser
uti li zados para mejorar un producto.
The situation is different in a
larger organisation because
people may work in separate
areas or departments and
rarely meet each other.
La situacin es diferente en una
organizacin grande porque las
personas deben trabajar en reas
separadas o diferentes
departamentos y muy de vez en
cuando se encuentran unos con
otros.
L iteral translation
Some of the reasons why
departmental links are
essential are shown in the
table below, which identifies
some of the key issues over
which functional areas need
to communicate.
Alguna de las razones del porque la
conexin entre los departamentos
son esenciales se muestran en la
tabla siguiente, donde se identi fi can
algunos de los temas claves sobre
cules de las reas funcionales
necesitan comunicarse.
L iteral translation
Reformulation
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CONCLUSIONS
Translation and Interpretation are different concepts, the first one is expressed inwritten and the second one is expressed orally.
Like other countries (United States or Spain) Colombia is aware of the necessitiesof the Colombian translators, so they created the standard 5808 which has
improved this field in Colombia.
Translation is not an exact science that is why there is a lot of different styles(Modulation, Calque or Borrowing).
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REFERENCES
Axistranslations. What is Translation? Seen in (2013)http://www.axistranslations.com/translation-article/what-is-translation.html
COTTON, D., FALVEY, D., KENT, S. (2001). Upper Intermediate Market Leader.Business English Coursebook. New edition. England, Longman.
Guzmn, D. A. (Autor), (Adecuacin Pedaggica) Barreto, O. (2013). UniversidadEAN.
http: //vir tual .ean.edu.co/bbcswebdav/pid-155167-dt-content-r id-3423222_1/courses/0027932013-2D41E/AmbienteVi rtual /guia_01.html#Language
Translati on I nc. (2006). Role of
I acovoni .fi les.wordpress.com. (2010) Tr anslati ons procedures.http: //iacovoni .fi les.wordpress.com/2009/02/translati on-procedures.pdf
I contec internacional (2010). Norma Tcnica Colombiana. Intercultural Studies Group (2010) Universita Rovila I Virgiri. Translations
Techniques.http://isg.urv.es/publicity/masters/sample/techniques.html
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