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VCPFMABK FIMAUKVAKGK JC UCGC\SCMKNAGARZCVAI JCM PIJCV PIPSMKV
PKVK MK CJSBKBAG SGAUCVRAZKVAKBIMCOAI SGAUCVRAZKVAI NIGRCIV JC ZKMKUCVKCRPCBAKMAJKJ< JARCI OVEABI
NCGBAG< BVCKZAUICTZCGRAG UKMCGBAK
BVCKBAG JC SG NKGSKM JC CLCVBABAIR PVBZABIR PKVK CMJCRKVVIMMI JC MK BVCKZAUAJKJ IVACGZKJI K MIRCRZSJAKGZCR JCM PVANCV RCNCRZVC JCM BIMCOAI
SGAUCVRAZKVAI NIGRCIV JC ZKMKUCVK
Kutir< Jcasy Ilcjk Zutir< \imkgjy Bkstammi
Kfram, 60;3.
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VCPFMABK FIMAUKVAKGK JC UCGC\SCMKNAGARZCVAI JCM PIJCV PIPSMKV
PKVK MK CJSBKBAG SGAUCVRAZKVAKBIMCOAI SGAUCVRAZKVAI NIGRCIV JC ZKMKUCVKCRPCBAKMAJKJ< JARCI OVEABI
NCGBAG< BVCKZAUICTZCGRAG UKMCGBAK
BVCKBAG JC SG NKGSKM JC CLCVBABAIR PVBZABIR PKVK CMJCRKVVIMMI JC MK BVCKZAUAJKJ IVACGZKJI K MIRCRZSJAKGZCR JCM PVANCV RCNCRZVC JCM BIMCOAI
SGAUCVRAZKVAI NIGRCIV JC ZKMKUCVK
Kutir< Jcasy Ilcjk Zutir< \imkgjy Bkstammi
B.A< 60.1;6.;46 B.A< 3.::.:5.64
Kfram, 60;3.
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VCPFMABK FIMAUKVAKGK JC UCGC\SCMKNAGARZCVAI JCM PIJCV PIPSMKV
PKVK MK CJSBKBAG SGAUCVRAZKVAKBIMCOAI SGAUCVRAZKVAI NIGRCIV JC ZKMKUCVK
CRPCBAKMAJKJ< JARCI OVEABINCGBAG< BVCKZAUI
CTZCGRAG UKMCGBAK
BVCKBAG JC SG NKGSKM JC CLCVBABAIR PVBZABIR PKVK CMJCRKVVIMMI JC MK BVCKZAUAJKJ IVACGZKJI K MIRCRZSJAKGZCR JCM PVANCV RCNCRZVC JCM BIMCOAI
SGAUCVRAZKVAI NIGRCIV JC ZKMKUCVK
Kutirk< Jcasy Jkykgk Ilcjk Fakgbda
Zutirk< \imkgjy BkstammiKi< 60;3
VCRSNCG
Mk brckbag jc ug nkgukm jc clcrbabais prbtabis pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jc mkbrcktavajkj cs ug priycbti ekbtafmc quc cgraqucbc mk eirnkbag jcm
cstujakgtc jc jasci oreabi jcm Bimcoai Sgavcrsatkrai Nigscir jcZkmkvcrk. Rc sigjck k trkvs jc ug bucstaigkrai jc tapi jabitnabi,sa/gi, k ug orupi jc cstujakgtcs jc jasci oreabi jc prancr scncstrc keag jc bigibcr sifrc sus gcbcsajkjcs y ksparkbaigcs brcktavks. Ncjakgtcmk agvcstaokbag jibuncgtkm sc cvkmkg javcrsks eucgtcs quc kfirjkg cmtcnk jc mk brcktavajkj y cm pcgsknacgti javcrocgtc kpmabkjis k mks krtcspmstabks, cg mk fsqucjk y rcbipamkbag jc tbgabks vkraks, quc eincgtcgcm pitcgbakm brcktavi jcm cstujakgtc jc jasci oreabi.
Pkmkfrk Bmkvc< Brcktavajkj
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JCJABKZIVAK.
[uacri jcjabkr cstc trkfkli, k na kfucmi y k na nkjrc quacgcs ncagabakrig cg cm bknagi jc mk brcktavajkj y nc kmcgtkrig sacnprc cg cmjcskrrimmi jc na pcgsknacgti, sag cmmis gugbk nc dufacrk kvcgturkji cgcm pkrkmcmi nugji jc mk brcktavajkj.
K mis pibis priecsircs big quc nc dc tipkji k mi mkroi jc nabkrrcrk y quc jc kmougk eirnk fusbkrig sacnprc kmcgtkr cm trkfkli jcbrcktavi jc sus kmungis.
Q ns quc gkjk, quacri jcjabkr cstk agvcstaokbag, k tijiskqucmmis quc kpcgks sc suncrocg cg cstc orkg nugji jcm jasci, kquacgcs sacgtcg cm jcsci jc kprcgjcr y scr ns brcktavis, k quacgcs giskfcg pir jgjc cnpczkr, k quacgcs quacrcg scr brcktavis y gi skfcgbni, k quacg km aoukm quc yi, tcgok cm jcsci jc jcskrrimmkr csksbkpkbajkjcs jirnajks quc tijis pisccnis.
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AGZVIJSBBAG
Cgtrcgkr cm pcgsknacgti brcktavi cs ugk eirnk jc cgraqucbcr cm
euturi, cs csk bkpkbajkj jc jcscgtrkkr csc tiquc iraoagkm sifrc
bigbcptis trkjabaigkmcs y gi scr ug ncri rcpctajir jc nijcmis y
cstrubturks. Bigeacrc csc pitcgbakm jc rckbbaigkr kgtc satukbaigcs gi
prcvastks jc ugk nkgcrk iraoagkm c aggivkjirk.
Eincgtkr cm pcgsknacgti brcktavi ncjakgtc tbgabks prbtabks cgmis cstujakgtcs jc jasci oreabi jcsjc mis prancris scncstrcs, cs ug
pksi kjcmkgtc kgtc cm rcti jc cstc nugji tkg bknfakgtc kbcmcrkjkncgtc.
Mis bigibanacgtis kjquarajis cg cstc kspcbti, privccg km kmungi
jc iraoagkmajkj, emcxafamajkj, vcrsktamajkj y bigeakgzk, quc mc pcrnatcg
ksunar bukmquacr rcti big mk bigvabbag jc quc cst jclkgji ug kpirtc
saogaeabktavi, quc pucjc scr k su vcz cstnumi pkrk itris.
Mk gcbcsajkj jc eincgtkr y eirtkmcbcr cm emuli jcm pcgsknacgti
brcktavi cg mis cstujakgtcs jc jasci oreabi, jk iraocg k cstc trkfkli jc
orkji8 agjkokgji mks jcfamajkjcs y eirtkmczks jc mis cstujakgtcs cg cstc
bknpi, y ns kg, pripigacgji ug nkgukm rcbipamktirai jc tbgabks
prbtabks y kbcrtalis cgbknagkjis k pitcgbakr csc bkujkm jc pcgsknacgti
aggivkjir.
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BKPAZSMI A
CM PVIFMCNK.
;.;. Pmkgtcknacgti jcm Prifmcnk.
Cg ugk pibk tkg bknfakgtc y cvimutavk k bkjk pksi, jigjc mkbkpkbajkj binpctatavk rcspigjc bkjk vcz ns k agtkgoafmcs bini mk
aggivkbag y mk brcktavajkj, mks nasnks dkg bifrkji eucrzks
bigvartagjisc cg ugk bukmajkj gcbcskrak pkrk mis cstujakgtcs quc sc
jcscgvucmvcg cg cm nugji jc mk ankocg y mk binugabkbag, yk quc cstis
jcfcg tcgcr mk dkfamajkj pkrk ocgcrkr jc nkgcrk ebam ajcks, kmtcrgktavks y
simubaigcs k ug jctcrnagkji prifmcnk. K pkrtar jc jabdk prcnask, ug
priecsaigkm jcm jasci oreabi jcfc scr bkpkz jc rcbigibcr y ocstaigkr mk
ocgcrkbag jc gucvks ajcks, kpmabgjimks k mis bksis quc mc cxalk su
priecsag.
Mk brcktavajkj pir su pkrtc cs ugk dcrrknacgtk quc kbtavk cm
pribcsi aggivkjir8 tknfag bigibaji bini pcgsknacgti javcrocgtc i
pcgsknacgti brcktavi, cs mk ocgcrkbag jc gucvks ajcks i bigbcptis, i
jc gucvks ksibakbaigcs cgtrc ajcks y bigbcptis bigibajis. Cstk cs ugk
vartuj ebamncgtc kmbkgzkfmc pkrk bukmquacr kmungi y buyk utamazkbagbigstatuyc ugk nclirk cg su jcscnpci, sag cnfkroi, mk agtcorkbag jc mk
brcktavajkj bini dcrrknacgtk jc kprcgjazklc gi dk saji birrcbtkncgtc
kfirjkjk pir mks jastagtks bksks jc cstujai quc anpkrtcg bkrrcrks keagcs,
jigjc cm kmungi jcfc jcscgvimvcrsc cg ug nugji jc binpctatavajkj.
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Cgtrc mks gcbcsajkjcs fsabks jcm cstujakgtc sc cgbucgtrk mk
kbtavajkj brckjirk bini gcbcsajkj agdcrcgtc jcm dinfrc8 sag cnfkroi
bukgji sc skfc mi quc sc quacrc, pcri gi sc skfc bni bigscouarmi sc
tacgc ug prifmcnk buyk simubag rcquacrc jcm pcgsknacgti mktcrkm, ug
pcgsknacgti brcktavi quc cg cm eigji cs ugk nkgcrk jaecrcgtc jc uskr cm
bcrcfri.
K ncguji mis cstujakgtcs jc mis prancri scncstrcs jc jasci sc
cgercgtk k ugk ncgtc cg fmkgbi, k mk bukm sc mc cst pajacgji quc ocgcrc
ugk ajck brcktavk y iraoagkm, pcri cg ibksaigcs csk ajck gcbcsatk scrtrkfklkjk8 kqu cs jigjc cm cstujakgtc kncratk quc sc mc ekbamatc ugk scrac
jc dcrrknacgtks quc mc kyujcg k ocgcrkr gucvks ajcks i bigbcptis.
Diy cg jk, gkjac pigc cg jujk mk agemucgbak quc mis ncjais
anprcsis dkg tcgaji cg mis pribcsis jc cgsckgzk, tkgti mis mafris
jajbtabis bini mis nkgukmcs prbtabis sig ug rcbursi jc kprcgjazklc
quc sc pipumkrazkrig k pkrtar jc mk agvcgbag jc mk anprcgtk. K mi mkroi jc
mk dastirak cm jasci jc mis nkgukmcs jc cgsckgzk dk aji cvimubaigkgji
pkskgji jc scr mafris cgbabmipjabis sag kpcgks amustrkbaigcs k jascis
ns nijcrgis big prieusag jc bimir c amustrkbaigcs quc dkbcg cm
pribcsi jc kprcgjazklc ns kncgi, rpaji y jarcbti.
Cm Bimcoai Sgavcrsatkrai Nigscir jc Zkmkvcrk cg su bkrbtcr jc
bksk jc cstujais binprinctajk k anpkrtar bigibanacgti cg bkrrcrks keagcs
quc gcbcsatkg jc ug kmti jcscnpci brcktavi pir pkrtc jcm kmungi,
rcquacrc quc mis nasnis tcgokg k su jaspisabag ug nktcrakm jc
kprcgjazklc quc kyujc k su jcscnpci cg cm bknpi brcktavi. Ktcgjacgji
k cstks bigsajcrkbaigcs, sc pmkgtck mk saouacgtc agtcrriokgtc pkrk jkr
bkfajk km cstujai k bigtagukbag.
Jc qu nkgcrk pijcnis eincgtkr cm jcskrrimmi jc mk brcktavajkj
cg mis kmungis jc jasci jcm Bimcoai Sgavcrsatkrai Nigscir jc
Zkmkvcrk9
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;.6. Iflctavis jc mk Agvcstaokbag.
;.6.;. Iflctavi Ocgcrkm.
Brckr ug nkgukm jc clcrbabais prbtabis pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jc mk
brcktavajkj fkskji cg mks tbgabks jcm pcgsknacgti javcrocgtc.
;.6.6. Iflctavis cspcbeabis.
- Jceagar cm bigbcpti jc brcktavajkj.
- Vcbipamkr tbgabks y clcrbabais utamazkjis pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jc mk
brcktavajkj.
- Cstkfmcbcr mk anpirtkgbak jc mk brcktavajkj cg mk priecsag jc
Jasci Oreabi.
- Binpigcr ug jasci cjatirakm quc cgomifc mks jastagtks tbgabks
rcbipamkjks ncjakgtc cstc cstujai.
;.2. Anpirtkgbak y lustaeabkbag.
Cm trkfkli jc ug jasckjir oreabi, nubdks vcbcs, cs cvkmukji cg
eugbag jc mi quc sc jcginagk su pripak brcktavajkj, bkpkbajkj quc mc
pcrnatc ocgcrkr ajcks gucvks k pkrtar jc mk ksibakbag cgtrc bigbcptis
prcvakncgtc bigibajis y kpmabkfmcs k su nfati jc trkfkli big cm eag jc
simubaigkr ug prifmcnk i kfirjkr jc ug niji jastagti ugk jctcrnagkjk
satukbag.
Mk cmkfirkbag jc ugk paczk oreabk cxaoc ug jcskrrimmi brcktavi,
tkgti cg mk pripucstk jc jasci bini cg cm kbti binugabktavi cg s8 pir
tkgti cs gcbcskrai quc cm kmungi bigizbk y kprcgjk k jcskrrimmkr sus
bkpkbajkjcs brcktavks jcsjc sus prancris scncstrcs jc cstujais. Jcgtri
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jc cstc irjcg jc ajcks, cs anpirtkgtc quc mk agstatubag cg mk quc sc mmcvk
k bkfi cm prcscgtc cstujai bucgtc big dcrrknacgtks y nktcrakmcs quc
ekbamatcg km kmungi su kprcgjazklc cg cstk rck. Pir bigsaouacgtc, cm
jcskrrimmi y jasci jc ug nkgukm quc rcbkfc tbgabks y clcrbabais
cnpmckjis pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jc mk bkpkbajkj brcktavk rcsumtk cgtigbcs ug
nktcrakm jc kpiyi pkrk mis kmungis jcm prancr scncstrc jc mk bkrrcrk jc
Jasci oreabi jcm Bimcoai Sgavcrsatkrai Nigscir jc Zkmkvcrk (BSNZ).
;.:. Jcmanatkgtcs.
;.:.;. Zcntabkncgtc< Mk rckmazkbag jc mk prcscgtc pripucstk fusbk
scmcbbaigkr ugk scrac jc cstrktcoaks pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jc mk
brcktavajkj fkskjks cg cm pcgsknacgti mktcrkm prcvakncgtc
cstujakjks pir jaecrcgtcs kutircs, big cm eag jc utamazkr mk
ageirnkbag rcbkfkjk pkrk mk cmkfirkbag y brckbag jc ug nkgukm
prbtabi.
;.:.6. Ocioreabkncgtc< Cm bigsaouacgtc cstujai sc rckmazkr cg cm
Bimcoai Sgavcrsatkrai Nigscir jc Zkmkvcrk Gbmci Ukmcgbak,
Rkg Jacoi Cstkji Bkrkfifi.
;.:.2. Zcnpirkm< Cm kgmasas sc cecbtukr tinkgji bini fksc jc cstujaicm pcraiji kbkjnabi binprcgjaji cgtrc Cgcri-Nkyi 60;3.
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BKPAZSMI AA
NKVBI VCECVCGBAKM.
Rcog Fkvkrcsbi (6005), cm nkrbi tcrabi rcecrcgbakm, fragjk k mk
agvcstaokbag ug sastcnk biirjagkji y bidcrcgtc jc bigbcptis y
pripisabaigcs quc pcrnatcg kfirjkr cm prifmcnk jcgtri jc ug nfati
jgjc stc bifrc scgtaji.
Cm nkrbi tcrabi cs agtcorkr cm tcnk jc mk agvcstaokbag big mks
tcirks, cgeiqucs tcrabis, cstujais y kgtcbcjcgtcs cg ocgcrkm quc sc
rceacrcg km prifmcnk jc agvcstaokbag. Cg tkm scgtaji cm nkrbi tcrabi gis
knpmk mk jcsbrapbag jcm prifmcnk. Agtcork mk tcirk big mk agvcstaokbag y
sus rcmkbaigcs nutuks -Zknkyi (60;6)-
6.;. Kgtcbcjcgtcs.
Bknpuzkgi C. Nircgi (;114), cg su tcsas jibtirkm BINI
JCRKVVIMMKV CM PCGRKNACGZI BVCKZAUI CG MKR KVZCR
PMKRZABKR., cxprcsk quc kugquc sig guncrisis mis cstujaisrckmazkjis sifrc mk brcktavajkj kg gi sc skfc sueabacgtc kbcrbk jc mi quc
cs mk brcktavajkj rckmncgtc, sag cnfkroi s sc skfc bni sc pucjc
cstanumkr cg mks pcrsigks ug binpirtknacgti ns brcktavi.
Nubdis agjavajuis gi pucjcg jcskrrimmkr su pitcgbakm brcktavi
jcfaji k quc sus bigjabaigcs knfacgtkmcs i bumturkmcs gi mcs pcrnatcg
jcsbufrar ga nitavkr cstk eksc jc su jcskrrimmi, Ra mk brcktavajkj gi cs
jcsbufacrtk y kmcgtkjk tacgjc k mk ktrieak. -Bknpuzkgi C- (;114). Pkrk cm
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jcskrrimmi jcm pribcsi brcktavi jcfc scr ekvirkfmc tkgti cm ncjai eknamakr
bini cm cjubktavi.
Cg su cstujai, Bknpuzkgi kpmabk ns jc 60 tbgabks y clcrbabais
jc bmksc k ug orupi jc 26 kmungis jc mk Ekbumtkj jc Fcmmks Krtcs jc
Famfki, jurkgtc ugk scnkgk kprixankjkncgtc k jis dirks jakraks, m
cxpmabk quc jabdks tbgabks gi sc dkg pmkgtckji bini ernumks noabks
quc prctcgjkg trkgseirnkr cg agjavajuis brcktavis km orupi jc kmungis,
sagi quc mks nasnks jcfcg cgtcgjcrsc bini pkrtc agtcorkgtc jc ug tiji
jajbtabi buyk kpmabkbag dk pijaji jkr rcsumtkjis pisatavis.
Pir bigsaouacgtc, cstk agvcstaokbag sarvc jc fksc pkrk brccr quc mk
brcktavajkj cs ugk dkfamajkj pcrecbtkncgtc kjquarafmc sa sc pigc k
jaspisabag jc mis kmungis mks dcrrknacgtks gcbcskraks pkrk su
jcskrrimmi.
Pcjri N. Rkmagks (600;), CRZVKZCOAKR PKVK CRZANSMKV MK
BVCKZAUAJKJ CG MKR KSMKR JC JARCI
. Cxprcsk quc mkbrcktavajkj cs cm ekbtir ns anpirtkgtc quc jcfc bunpmar bukmquacr
priycbti jc jasci y quc mis sastcnks cjubktavis gi eincgtkg cm
jcskrrimmi jc mk bkpkbajkj brcktavk bini jcfcrkg dkbcrmi.
Rkmagks, pmkgtck utamazkr javcrsks tbgabks i ntijis cg bmksc quc
kyujcg k mis cstujakgtcs k iftcgcr nclircs rcsumtkjis cg cm gavcm jc
jcskrrimmi brcktavi, cgtrc cmmis ncgbaigk8 mk pcrbcpbag iflctavk, mk
binpkrkbag, mk ekgtksk, agtcrprctkbaigcs nmtapmcs, rceirnumkbaigcs,cgtrc itrks. Cs anpirtkgtc agbmuar cg mis pmkgcs jc cstujai jc tijis mis
gavcmcs cjubktavis ugk jisas ocgcrisk jc nctijimiok pkrk cstanumkr mk
brcktavajkj.
Cg cstc scgtaji, bkfc rcskmtkr mk anpirtkgbak quc itris kutircs i
agvcstaokjircs dkg jkji km dcbdi nasni jc cgsckr k scr brcktavis, jc
pigcr k jaspisabag jcm kmungi mks tbgabks gcbcskraks quc kyujcg cg cm
jcskrrimmi jc cstks bkpkbajkjcs.
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Zirrcs M. Rimcr (60;:), cg su pufmabkbag MK BVCKZAUAJKJ CGCM KSMK BINI IVOKGA\KBAIG BINPMCLK. cxpigc quc mk
sibacjkj cs bkjk jk ns jagnabk y mks irokgazkbaigcs rcbigibcg cm
agncgsi vkmir jc mk brcktavajkj y mk aggivkbag, pir tkgti, suoacrc quc mk
cjubkbag, bini fksc pkrk mk eirnkbag, jcfk rckmazkr pribcsis quc
kyujcg cg su jcskrrimmi.
Zijk pcrsigk piscc brcktavajkj cg nkyir i ncgir orkji8 y
kjcns jc jaecrcgtcs nkgcrks, pcri rcquacrc cseucrzi pkrk jcskrrimmkrmk.
Cxastcg javcrsks cstrktcoaks quc sc pucjcg cnpmckr pkrk iftcgcr fucgis
rcsumtkjis, cgtrc cstks< mmuvak jc ajcks, sagtabk, ntiji Jcmpda, scas
sinfrcris pkrk pcgskr, simubag brcktavk jc prifmcnks, kgkmioks, cgtrc
itrks, miorkgji ncjakgtc cstks prinivcr mk aggivkbag y mks ajcks
brcktavks cg cm cstujakgtc miorkgji quc cm nasni rcemcxaigc, ankoagc y
brataquc, eirtkmcbacgji sus csqucnks ncgtkmcs big brcktavajkj.
Cstc mtani kutir pigc cg cvajcgbak quc cg ug nugji tkg vavkz y
jagnabi mks cnprcsks y irokgazkbaigcs kpucstkg bkjk vcz ns pir mks
bkpkbajkjcs brcktavks c aggivkjirks jc sus cnpmckjis, pir tkgti pkrk
mis kmungis quc sc jcscgvucmvcg cg mk bkrrcrk jc jasci sc bigsajcrk
cgtigbcs jc vatkm anpirtkgbak kprcgjcr k jcskrrimmkr km nxani cstk
bkpkbajkj, pir mi quc cm jcskrrimmi jc ug nkgukm quc bigtcgok ugk scrac
jc tbgabks k pigcr cg prbtabk jarcbtkncgtc pir cm kmungi, cs quazs ug
kpirtc saogaeabktavi pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jcm nasni.
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6.6. Eugjkncgtkbag Zcrabk.
;. Dastirak jcm Jasci Oreabi.
Rc cgtacgjc pir jasci oreabi k mk prbtabk jc jcskrrimmi y clcbubag
jc ncgsklcs vasukmcs (ageirnktavis, krtstabis, jc ajcgtajkj, jcpcrsuksag, tcbgimoabis, prijubtavis y jc aggivkbag).
Mk nkyir pkrtc jc mks eirnks vasukmcs cstkfmcbajks kgtcs jcm
rcgkbanacgti sc bigsajcrkg bini kgtcbcjcgtcs dastrabis jc mi quc diy
rcprcscgtk cg gucstrk sibacjkj ibbajcgtkm "cm jasci oreabi". Cm bukm
suroa big cm jcskrrimmi nasni jc mk bavamazkbag. Rag cnfkroi, k pcskr jcm
mkroi rcbirraji dkbak mk kbtukmajkj jc mk binugabkbag vasukm, cs pisafmc
sckmkr quc cm jasci bini kbtavajkj nijcrgk sc bigstatuar bini ugk
jcnkgjk jc mk rcvimubag agjustrakm, k pkrtar jc kmm cm jasci oreabi dk
saji bigjabaigkji pir cm pribcsi jc cvimubag tcbgimoabk. Rag cnfkroi,
quc mk agjustrak jc mk ageirnkbag dkyk tinkji pmcgk bigbacgbak jc mk
utamajkj jcm jasckjir oreabi cs, bacrtkncgtc, ug ekbtir rcbacgtc.
Cg cm trkgsbursi jcm saomi TAT big mk mmcokjk jc mk rcvimubag agjustrakm,
mk cspcbakmazkbag jcm sastcnk jc efrabks, javaja mk binugabkbag oreabk
cg jis pkrtcs jaecrcgtcs, jasci y prijubbag. Rc cxpkgja mk csbkmk jc
ncjajks tapioreabks y cm cstami jc mis tapis jc mctrks. Mk agvcgbag jc mk
tapiorkek y, ns tkrjc, mk jc mis ncjais pkrk anpranar anocgcs
eitioreabks cgskgbdkrig cm saogaeabkji jc mk jibuncgtkbag vasukm y jc mk
ageirnkbag pabtrabk. Cstc saomi jagnabi, prcscgba ug jcseamc vcrtaoagisi
jc gucvks tcbgimioks y jc eirnks ankoagktavks y cxpkgja mks
kpmabkbaigcs jcm jasci oreabi, anpumskgji cxtrkirjagkrakncgtc cm
jcskrrimmi jcm bincrbai.
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Cg mks binpctcgbaks pripaks jcm jasci oreabi ugk jc mks
aggivkbaigcs ns saogaeabktavks euc mk brckbag jcm scmmi jc birrcis
anpmkgtkji cg Agomktcrrk cg ;4:0, cstc bigstatuyc mk agvcgbag ns
brcktavk y numtaeirnc cg mi quc km pkpcm anprcsi sc rceacrc.
Pistcrairncgtc, cg mis mtanis kis jcm saomi TAT y cg mis prancris jcm
saomi TT cm nijcrgasni kmbkgzk su nkyir kuoc cg Cstkjis Sgajis y
Curipk, jigjc cg bkjk ugi cm nivanacgti prcscgt bkrkbtcrstabks y
jcginagkbaigcs pripaks, kugquc pcrsaouacgji cm nasni iflctavi< ugk
gucvk bigbcpbag krtstabk jc mis iflctis agjustrakmcs. Cm jasci y cmtrkfkli nkgukm mmcokg k scr bkjk vcz ns anpirtkgtcs bumnagkgji big ug
geksas cg mis nijcmis ocintrabis y mk bigstrubbag nijumkr jcm jasci
agabakjk pir Bdkrmcs Nkbhagtisd.
Mk nkyir pkrtc jc mis nivanacgtis krtstabis jc pragbapais jcm saomi
vcagtc rcbdkzkrig cm cstami nijcrgastk, agemucgbakjis pir mk vaimcgbak quc
ksim Curipk jurkgtc mks jis prancrks jbkjks jcm saomi. Mks jastagtks
vkgoukrjaks krtstabks jc csc tacnpi, bini cm bufasni, jkjksni,
euturasni, surrckmasni y cm bigstrubtavasni rusi, jclkrig ugk ducmmk
prieugjk cg cm mcgouklc jcm jasci oreabi.
Prxank k cstis cstamis jc vkgoukrjak, mk csbucmk kmcnkgk "Fkudkus",
kfra sus pucrtks cg _cankr cm ki ;1;1. Cstk csbucmk agtrijuli nubdks
ajcks aggivkjirks cg cm jasci oreabi y cg itrks rcks jc mk brcktavajkj,
y su agemucgbak kg sc jctcbtk cg nubdks prbtabks tapioreabks cg usi.
Eagkmncgtc, cm trnagi jc jasckjir oreabi, euc kbukji pir cm
girtckncrabkgi _ammakn Kjjasig Jwaooags8 y cm nasni euc utamazkji k pkrtar
jcm ki ;166.
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Mk vasag jcm Bigstrubtavasni.
Mk rcvimubag rusk mc jk cm kpiyi agbigjabaigkm k cstk vkgoukrjak quc
gkbc bini kfstrkbtk kfibkjk k mk tkrck jc binugabkr km pucfmi gi smi
pufmabajkj jc iflctis k vcgjcr sagi tknfag mks ajcks pimtabks jcm gucvi
oifacrgi. Mis bigstrubtavastks jcskrrimmkg ugk pisturk oreabk quc kg diy
saouc jcnistrkgji su vaocgbak. Kpmabkg cm usi jc bimmkoc y cm usi jc mk
eitiorkek, mis saogis jc kjnarkbag/agtcrriokbag pkrk kyujkr k mk mcbturk.
Kjcns utamazkg emcbdks quc sckmkg mi anpirtkgtc k jcstkbkr cg ug
keabdc.
Mk kfstrkbbag Jc Rtalm.
Cstk vkgoukrjak kfstrkbtk y rkbaigkm dimkgjcsk kpirtk km jasci
oreabi nubdi jcsjc mk tcirk y jcsjc mk prbtabk. Nigjrakg, su nkyir
cxpigcgtc, sistacgc quc tiji cspkbai pucjc scr irjcgkji fkli mcycs
raourisks jc mk nktcntabk.
Mk agemucgbak jcm Rurrckmasni.
Cm Rurrckmasni bini vkgoukrjak rinpc big mk gabk pisafamajkj jc mk
rcprcscgtkbag jcm iflcti bini eirnk rckm. Mks ncteirks, cm dunir, mk
purczk jc mks eirnks y mk picsk vasukm, mc jkg vucmi k mks anocgcs
pufmabatkraks quc pujacrkg vcgjcr sus prijubtis jcsjc mks ncteirks,
jcsjc mks bkrkbtcrstabks jc mis iflctis y gi jcsjc su ncrk bigeirnkbag
esabk.
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6. Cm Jasci Oreabi cg Ucgczucmk.
Cm jasci cg eugbag jc mk agjustrak cs rcmktavkncgtc gucvi cg
Ucgczucmk, jigjc sc dk jcskrrimmkji k pksi mcgti, pcri big scourks
fkscs binugabktavks.
Ocrj Mcuecrt, miori agtcrvcgar cg cm pribcsi jc cstc jcskrrimmi, cm bukm
binacgzk k pragbapais jc ;160, big cm jcsci jc cxprcskr ns kmm quc
pabtrabkncgtc mks gcbcsajkjcs jc mis vcgczimkgis cg s. Mcuecrt, jai ug
vucmbi km jasci oreabi, bigvartagjimi cg ugk eirnk jagnabk jc
binugabkbag vkgoukrjastk pkrk mk pibk, nkgcl mks tapiorkeks y mks
cstrubturks jc jakorknkbag y bklks tapioreabks fkskji cg cm mk
ocinctrk y mk gcbcsajkj jc bmkrajkj y cgtcgjanacgti jc mi quc sc qucrk
cxprcskr.
Zacnpi jcspus, cg ;15: sc brck cg Ucgczucmk cm agstatuti jc jasci
big cm pripsati jc scrvar bini bcgtri jc eirnkbag jc priecsaigkmcs km
scrvabai jc mk agjustrak.
Cg mk dastirak jcm jasci oreabi cg Ucgczucmk, sc bigsajcrkg bini
paigcris k mis krtastks y jasckjircs mmcokjis km pks mucoi jc mk scougjk
oucrrk nugjakm, quacgcs sc bigvartacrig cg mks rcecrcgbaks agncjaktks jcm
jasci oreabi cg cm pks, jcstkbkgji cgtrc cmmis< cm matukgi Ocrj Mcuecrt,cm atkmakgi Gcji N. E, cm kncrabkgi Mkrry Lugc, mk kmcnkgk Ocoi, cgtrc
itris.
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Gcji N. E.
Javcrsks ocgcrkbaigcs jc vcgczimkgis dkg kjquaraji smajis
bigibanacgtis jcm jasci, mk tapiorkek y cm jafuli orkbaks km pktranigai
dastrabi-krtstabi mcokji pir cstc nkcstri, paigcri jcm jasci oreabi
vcgczimkgi. Gcji, jasc ugis scscgtk kmekfctis pkrk scr utamazkjis cg
bkrtcmcs, bktmiois y mioitapis. Ru pksag pir mks eirnks anpisafmcs y mk
ekfrabkbag jc amusaigcs ptabks jc tapi ocintrabi eucrig mis vkmircs
eugjkncgtkmcs y ns bkrkbtcrstabis jc su ifrk.
Mkrry Lugc.
Zaporkei y tbgabi jc anprcgtk, mmcok k Ucgczucmk cg ;1:6, bini
cnpmckji jc mk Brcimc Pctrimcun Birpirktaig. Ru trkfkli nctjabi,
raourisi, irjcgkji y samcgbaisi kyuj k jceagar cm pcream priecsaigkm jcm
jasckjir oreabi cg cm pks.
Bkrmis Bruz Jacz.
[uacg gkba cg Bkrkbks y lugti big Lcss Riti cs ugi jc mis krtastks
bagtabis ns anpirtkgtcs jcm pks. Cgsc tbgabks bagtabks cg mk
Csbucmk Rupcrair jc Fcmmks Krtcs, jc Pkrs. Cs prcsajcgtc jc mk eugjkbag
Nusci jc mk Cstknpk y jcm Jasci Bkrmis Bruz Jacz. Ru agvcstaokbag dk
kpirtkji km krtc ugk gucvk eirnk jc bigibanacgti sifrc cm ecgncgi jcm
bimir, knpmakgji bigsajcrkfmcncgtc su ugavcrsi pcrbcptavi.
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2. Mk Fkudkus.
Mk agstatubag ns anpirtkgtc pkrk cm jcskrrimmi jcm jasci euc mk
Fkudkus, eugjkjk pir cm krquatcbti, urfkgastk y jasckjir jc iraocg
ocrnkgi _kmtcr Oripaus cg _cankr (Kmcnkgak) cg ;1;1, big cm ginfrc
jc Kbkjcnak Cstktkm jc Krquatcbturk. Cg ;163 euc trksmkjkjk k Jcssku y
bcrrkjk cg ;122, jcspus jc mk tink jc pijcr jc Datmcr. Mk nctk jc mk
Kbkjcnak crk agemuar cg mk bigeirnkbag jc mk vajk jc mk nijcrgk
sibacjkj agjustrakm k trkvs jcm jasci krtstabi y krtcskgkm. Bukgji
Oripaus euc ginfrkji bini cm cgbkrokji jc mk csbucmk jc krtc cg
_cankr, tin mk jcbasag jc binfagkr mk Kbkjcnak jc Fcmmks Krtcs big mk
Csbucmk jc Krtcs y Ieabais pkrk ugaeabkr sus kbtavajkjcs y cmanagkr mks
jaecrcgbaks cgtrc krtastks y krtcskgis.
Cg ;162, sc bcmcfr mk prancrk cxpisabag jc mk Fkudkus y mis
kmungis prcscgtkrig tiji tapi jc nkquctks jc vavacgjks. Pibi jcspus
mk muz vimva k frammkr pkrk mk Fkudkus bukgji kfra sus pucrtks cg
Jcssku, ncscs jcspus jc su bmkusurk cg _cankr. Cg cstc bksi, eucrig
mis kmungis y cm pripai Oripaus quacgcs jasckrig cm cjaeabai, cm bukm
jceagcg bininijcrgi jc bmkrks mgcks y eugbaigkm.
Pistcrairncgtc cg ;164, cm rcginfrkji krquatcbti kmcng jcl mk
jarcbbag k nkgis jcm suazi Dkggcs Ncycr y lugti big Oripaus, vkrais
priecsircs tknfag kfkgjigkrig mk Csbucmk. Cm gucvi jarcbtir mc jai km
jasci ug oari ns rckmastk, cstc sc agbmagkfk dkbak mk tcbgimiok y
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nktcrakmcs y jcsprcbakfk mk csttabk pir mi quc pibi jcspus euc
supmkgtkji pir Mujwago Nas vkg jcr Vidc cg ;120. K rkz jc cstc
kbigtcbanacgti, ns bknfais suroacrig, kgtaouis priecsircs sc
rcagbirpirkrig, mk Fkudkus vimva k irokgazkrsc y sc iracgt dkbak ugk
ugavcrsajkj vibkbaigkm.
Bukgji mis gkzas mmcokrig k Jcssku ;126 jclkrig jc kyujkr
eagkgbacrkncgtc k mk eknisk agstatubag y sc trksmkjkrig k Fcrmg dkstk
quc euc irjcgkjk su bmkusurk cm ;; jc kfram jc ;122 pir mks kutirajkjcs
kmcnkgks gkzas. Ru ifmaokjk bmkusurk y mk cnaorkbag jc sus priecsircsdkbcg ns eknisk k mk Fkudkus cg tiji cm nugji8 bini bigscbucgbak
jcm bacrrc jc mk csbucmk cg Kmcnkgak, mk brckbag krtstabk sc jcspmkzk jc
Curipk k Gucvk Qirh, jigjc yk cnpczkfkg k suroar itris cstamis jc
jasci.
_kmtcr Oripaus.
Zcgk 25 kis bukgji sc eugj mk Fkudkus cg _cankr, pcri yk crk
ugk jc mks orkgjcs eaourks jc mk krquatcbturk kmcnkgk. Pkrk mk csbucmk eu
ug jarcbtir ajckmastk quc kgtcpigk mis ntijis krtcskgkmcs k mk
ncbkgazkbag, brck cg mis nkcstris quc jkfkg aoukm anpirtkgbak k mks
jcstrczks tbgabks y km jcskrrimmi jcm bkrbtcr jcm kmungi, jcecgja mk
csbucmk jc mis gkbaigkmastks quc sispcbdkfkg quc crk ugk agstatubag
sanpktazkgtc jcm binugasni y dkstk jc mis krtcskgis mibkmcs jc _cankr,
quc mk vckg bini ugk kncgkzk pkrk sus gcoibais.
Ukssamy Hkgjagshy.
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Euc priecsir jc jasci pkrk pragbapakgtcs lugti big Pkum Hmcc y
jkfk ug bursi jc tcirk kvkgzkjk. Cg sus tkmmcrcs jc pagturk bincgz k
jcskrrimmkr sus tcirks jcm bimir y mks eirnks kfstrkbtks, quc kpmabkfk k
sus ifrks cg mis kis vcagtc, sustatuycgji mks eirnks pir ug mcgouklc
ns suflctavi. Zcgk 35 kis bukgji bincgz k trkfklkr pkrk mk
Fkudkus, su bursi sc dazi bkjk vcz ns pipumkr y sc iecrt dkstk quc mk
csbucmk bcrr. Big mis kgmasas jc birtc bacgteabi, nubdis cstujakgtcs
kprcbakrig mks tcirks jcm bimir y jc mk eirnk y cgbigtrkrig orkgjcs
ipirtugajkjcs brcktavks cg fusbkr cm cquamafrai cgtrc ug krtc bigtrimkji
big cm agtcmcbti pcri cnibaigkmncgtc cxprcsavi.
:. Fafmaiorkek jc Krturi Nabdcmcgk.
(Ukmcgbak, ;452 - Bkrkbks, ;414)Pagtir vcgczimkgi. Cspcbakmazkji
cg ifrks dastrabi-kmcorabks, euc kutir jc bukjris cnfmcntabis cg mk
bumturk vcgczimkgk bini Narkgjk cg Mk Bkrrkbk(;415) y cm ns
jcstkbkji cxpigcgtc jcm rinkgtabasni tkrji lugti k Brastfkm Vilks.
Krturi Nabdcmcgk gkba cg Ukmcgbak cm ;5 jc lugai jc ;452, ki cg
quc tcrnagk mk oucrrk, traugek mk Vcvimubag Ecjcrkm (agabakjk cg ;431) y
Lukg Brasstini Ekmbg ksunc mk prcsajcgbak jc mk Vcpfmabk. Pcriji
jc oucrrks ns quc jc mubcs. Crk dali jc Ribirri Bkstammi Ramvk (quacg crk
dalk k su vcz jcm pagtir Pcjri Bkstammi, rctrktastk y kutir jc mis nurkmcs jc
mk bksk jc Lis Kgtigai Pcz cg Ukmcgbak) y jcm pagtir Lukg Kgtigai
Nabdcmcgk8 cstc mtani sc bigvacrtc cg su pragbapkm nkcstri jurkgtc su
agekgbak y luvcgtuj.
Cg ;4?:, k mk cjkj jc igbc kis, dkbc su prancr kutirrctrkti, quc jclk
nuy anprcsaigkji km csbratir bistunfrastk Erkgbasbi jc Rkmcs Prcz,
quacg sc bigvarta cg su pritcbtir, mi cmaoa pkrk dkbcr mks amustrkbaigcs jc
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su mafri Bistunfrcs vcgczimkgksy mi prcscgt cg cm brbumi jc knaois
jc Kgtigai Ouzng Fmkgbi big mk agtcgbag jc quc mc jacrkg ugk fcbk jc
cstujai pkrk cm cxtcrair. Cg ;44: Likqug Brcspi mc princtc ugk fcbk
pkrk cstujakr cg Pkrs, dkbak jigjc pkrtc cm ki ;443 cg binpkk jc
Nkrtg Zivkr y Zivkr. Cgtrc ;443 y ;441 bigtagk pagtkgji
agbkgskfmcncgtc y pkrtabapkgji cg mis skmigcs ieabakmcs, csc mtani ki
rcorcs k Ucgczucmk, jigjc euc rcbafaji big digircs bini cm krtastk ns
mkurckji cg cm cxtrkglcri.
Cg ;412 su bukjri Pcgtcsamck iftacgc Ncjkmmk jc Digir cg mk Orkg
Cxpisabag Biminfagk jc Bdabkoi.
Narkgjk cg Mk Bkrrkbk (;415) cs sag jujk mk ns bmcfrc ifrk jc
Nabdcmcgk y ugi jc mis bukjris ns cnfmcntabis jc mk pagturk
vcgczimkgk jc tijis mis tacnpis. Cstc bukjri mc vkma k Nabdcmcgk cm
prcnai jcm bigbursi bigvibkji cg ;415 pir cm prcsajcgtc Likqug
Brcspi pkrk bigncnirkr k Narkgjk8 Diy cg jk cs ugk jc mks paczks
bmkvcs jc mk bimcbbag jc mk Okmcrk jc Krtc Gkbaigkm.
Krturi Nabdcmcgk ekmmcba cm 61 jc lumai jc ;414 cg Bkrkbks, cg su
bksk jc Mk Pkstirk. Agncjaktkncgtc sc rckmaz ugk cxpisabag agjavajukm
cg dincgklc km krtastk. Bagbucgtk kis jcspus jc su nucrtc, cm 61 jc
lumai jc ;1:4, sus rcstis eucrig trksmkjkjis jcm Bcncgtcrai Ocgcrkm jcm
Rur km Pkgtcg Gkbaigkm, y cg ;150 cm oifacrgi binpr su bksk jc Mk
Pkstirk, quc euc trcs kis jcspus bigvcrtajk cg Nusci KrturiNabdcmcgk.
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3. Csbucmk jc Krtcs Pmstabks Krturi Nabdcmcgk.
Mk Csbucmk jc Krtcs Pmstabks Krturi Nabdcmcgk euc brckjk k
agstkgbaks jcm Nkcstri Frkumai Rkmkzkr cg cm ki ;1:4, y jcsjc cgtigbcs,
dk scrvaji jc pmktkeirnk pkrk jcstkbkjis krtastks jcm nfati rcoaigkm y
gkbaigkm.
Zacgc bini iflctavi eugjkncgtkm fragjkr dcrrknacgtks gcbcskraks
pkrk quc cm cstujakgtc rckmabc su pripucstk krtstabk sifrc ugk fksc
tbgabk y bigsimajc ug cstami pripai. Cg su Pmkg rcoumkr jc kjumtis pisccug pmkg jc cstujais jc buktri kis jc eirnkbag fkskji cg Okbctk
Ieabakm jcm Nagastcrai jc Cjubkbag pkrk cstujais jc Krtcs Pmstabks
ncgbag krtc puri8 km quc sc dkg agbirpirkji nktcraks bini