Post on 03-Mar-2018
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
1/35
COMPOSTAJE
XIMENA ARCINIEGAS PEREZ
ANGIE TATIANA CARDENAS SANTOS
CRISTIAN JAIMES
UNIDADES TECNOLOGICAS DE SANTANDER
CIENCIAS BASICAS
BUCARAMANGA
C-131
2016
1
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
2/35
COMPOSTAJE
XIMENA ARCINIEGAS PEREZ
ANGIE TATIANA CARDENAS SANTOS
CRISTIAN JAIMES
PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACION
LIC. ANA ALBARRACIN COGOLLO
UNIDADES TECNOLOGICAS DE SANTANDER
CIENCIAS BASICAS
BUCARAMANGA
C-131
2016
2
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
3/35
TABLA DE CONTENIDO
1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA 6
1.1. Des!"#"$% &e' #!()'e*+ 6
1.2. ,(!*'+"$% #!e%/+ #!()'e*+
2. JUSTI,ICACION
3. OBJETIVOS 10
3.1. O)e/"( e%e!+' 10
3.2. O)e/"(s es#e4"( 10
5. MARCO RE,ERENCIAL 10
5.1. A%/ee&e%/es 10
5.2. M+!( (%e#/+' 12
5.3. Es/+&( &e' +!/e 25
. METODOLOGIA 2
.1 P()'+"$% 31
.2 Mes/!+ 32
.3 V+!"+)'e 32
.5 O#e!+7"(%+'"7+"$% &e '+ +!"+)'e 33
3
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
4/35
. I%&"+&(!es 33
.6 Re('e"$% &e "%4(!*+"$% 35
6. PROSUPUESTO 35
8. CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES 3
9. BIBLIOBGRA,IA 3
4
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
5/35
Lista de tablas
:T+)'+ 1; C'+s"4"+"$% &e '+ *+/e!"+ (!+%"7+ e% e' se'( 1
:T+)'+ 2; C(%&""(%es #+!+ !e+'"7+! % (*#(s/+e 23
:T+)'+ 3; D"s/!")"$% #(! e%e!+&(!es 33
:T+)'+ 5; Ge%e!+"$% &e !es"&(s s$'"&(s &e' +s( !)+%( 35
:T+)'+ ; P!es#es/( 35
:T+)'+ 6;C!(%(!+*+ 3
5
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
6/35
Compostaje
1. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA
E% e' *%""#"( &e B+!"%"(s= '(s +'es /"+s
+*)"e%/+'es= /+'es (*( '+ *+'+ &"s#(s""$% &e !es"&(s :)+s!+s= '"?""+&(s= e/.; e%e!+
&e/e!"(!( +' +*)"e%/e %( &e '(s "*#+/(s &"!e/(= es '+ (%/+*"%+"$% &e 4e%/es
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
7/35
&es+!!(''( &e +'+s @ &+% '+! + '+ e/!(4"7+"$%= +s+ '+ *e!/e &e #ees= e%e!+ *+'(s ('(!es
@ &e/e!"(!+ '+ )e''e7+ %+/!+' &e es/e !e!s( @ &e s e%/(!%(.
O/!( "*#+/( es '+ (%/+*"%+"$% &e' se'( e%e!+&( #(! e' +)+%&(%( @ '+ +*'+"$% &e
!es"&(s e%e!+%&( e' e%e%e%+*"e%/( &e '(s se'(s= &e)"&( + '+s &es+!+s &e ss/+%"+s /$?"+s
@ +'/e!+%&( '+s (%&""(%es 4"s"(*"+s &e es/e (%''e+%&( + &"s*"%"$% &e ss 4%"(%es.
As *"s*( (/!( "*#+/( %e+/"(= es/+ '( !e'+"(%+&( (% '+ (%/+*"%+"$% &e' +"!e &e)"&( +
e '(s !es"&(s +)+%&(%+&(s e% '(s )(/+&e!(s + "e'( +)"e!/(= e% +''es= +s= #+!es e
#!(&e% "%4e"(%es !es#"!+/(!"+s e "!!"/+"(%es %+s+'es= &e '(s ((s @ *('es/"+s e #!(&e% '(s
*+'(s ('(!es.
P(! (/!( '+&( es/> e' "*#+/(= !e'+"(%+&( (% '+ (%/+*"%+"$% "s+'= &e)"&( + '+ "%+&e+&+
&"s#(s""$% &e !es"&(s '( +' es 4e%/e &e &e/e!"(!( &e' e(s"s/e*+ !)+%(= /"e!!+s +!('+s=
7(%+s &e !e!e+"$%= s"/"(s /!s/"(s= e% es/e (!&e% &e "&e+s= "/>%&('e '+ )e''e7+ "%/!%se+ e
/"e%e% +&+ %( &e es/(s '+!es @ + s e7= +4e/+%&( + '+ 4'(!+ @ 4+%+ &e '+ 7(%+.
O/!( +s#e/( &e es/(s "*#+/(s es '+ e%e!+"$% &e !"es(s "%&"!e/(s (*( '+ #!('"4e!+"$% &e
+%"*+'es= #(!/+&(!es &e *"!((!+%"s*(s e /!+%s*"/e% e%4e!*e&+&es + /(&+ '+ #()'+"$%
(%("&(s (*( e/(!es &e%/!( &e '(s +'es /e%e*(s *(s+s= *(s"/(s= !+/+s @ +!+s &e +'"*e%/(= e%e%/!+% e% '(s !es"&(s % !e4"( @ +*)"e%/e 4+(!+)'e #+!+ s
!e#!(&"$%= '( e se (%"e!/e e% % +'&( &e '/"( #+!+ '+ /!+%s*"s"$% &e e%4e!*e&+&es.
E% C('(*)"+ &"+!"+*e%/e se e%e!+% e!+ &e 2.000 /(%e'+&+s &e !es"&(s s$'"&(s (!&"%+!"(s.
L(s !es"&(s s$'"&(s es/>% (*#es/(s #!"%"#+'*e%/e &e #+!/e (!>%"+ :6;= e' (%%/( &e'
#'>s/"(= "&!"(= #+#e'= +!/$%= *e/+'es= s(% % 25 = e' +
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
8/35
!e"'+)'e es &e' 2= "4!+ e &"4"e!e s"%"4"+/"+*e%/e &e '+s e se "/+% #(! '+ OPS e% e'
Es/&"( s()!e e' Se/(! #+!+ A*!"+ L+/"%+.
L+ (*#(s""$% &e '(s !es"&(s &e C('(*)"+= es/> &+&+ &e '+ s""e%/e 4(!*+ +!/$% @ #+#e'
:19.3;= *e/+' :1.9;= "&!"( :5.6;= /e?/"'es :3.9;= #'>s/"(s :15.9;= @ (!>%"(s :2.3; @
(/!(s-"%e!/es :.2;.De es/+ "%4(!*+"$% se &e&e e e% e' #+s se /"e%e % #(/e%"+' &e
!es"&(s +#!(es"( @ A*)"e%/+' '+ #!(&"$% &e !es"&(s #(!
/"+ @ seF% e' P'+% &e Ges/"$% I%/e!+' &e Res"&(s S$'"&(s= PGIRS :#.01; L+
#!(&"$% &"+!"+ &e !es"&(s :(!!es#(%&"e%/e + '+ s*+ &e /(&(s '(s se/(!es &(*""'"+!"(s=
"%s/"/"(%+'es= (4""+'es= %"(s 9.0 *3H&+ (% % 63; :Re"'+)'es 3.20 *3H&+ (% % 25; :I%e!/es 1.90 *3H&+
(% % 13; &+%&( %+ *es/!+ &e se#+!+"$% e% '+ 4e%/e @ +'/+ &"s#(s""$% 4"%+' e% e' )(/+&e!(
+ "e'( +)"e!/( e% '+ 4"%+ #+'(*+!es= e!e&+ +' #"%( + 6 "'$*e/!(s +' ("&e%/e &e' +s( !)+%(
&e B+!"
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
9/35
&e '+ %"&+& &e Se!""(s #F)'"(s &e' *%""#"(= (% %+ ()e!/!+ &e 5 s+!"(s= e"+'e%/e
+' 100 &e '+ #()'+"$% e% e' +s( !)+%(. L+ !e('e"$% &e e4e/F+ (% %+ 4!ee%"+ &e &(s
ees #(! se*+%+ + '(s se/(!es !es"&e%"+'= (*e!"+'= #'+7+ &e *e!+&( @ *+/+&e!(= '(s &+s
'%es @ "e!%es e% e' /!+%s!s( &e' &+ !e+'"7+%&( &(s "+es e% e' &+.
1.2. FORMLACION PRE!NTA PROBLEMA
C$*( e%e!+! % #!(!+*+ &e es/"$% &e +#!(e%"(s e% e'
*%""#"( &e B+!"*"( &e' +*)"e%/e e' +' se (!""%+
#(!e %( se 'es &+ %"%F% /"#( &e /!+/+*"e%/(= %" &e +#!(e%"( (*( e' (*#(s/= se
9
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
10/35
)s+ '+ !e/"'"7+"$% &e es/(s !es"&(s @ +s (%/!")"! + '+ &"s*"%"$% &e' ('*e% &e '(s
*"s*(s @ &e "+' *+%e!+ +#(!/+ + '+ !e%/+)"'"&+& e(%$*"+ &e es/e *%""#"(.
#. OB"ETI$OS
#.1. OB"ETI$O !ENERAL%
P!(#(%e! % #!(!+*+ #+!+ e' *+%e( &e '(s !es"&(s (!>%"(s e% e' *%""#"( &e B+!"
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
11/35
!e'+"$% e?"s/e%/e e%/!e %+ #'+%/+ '/"+&+ @ s *e&"( +*)"e%/e.
L+ e('(+ +!('+ 4e +F% *>s &es+!!(''+&+ #(! e' e('("s/+ @ 7($'(( +'e*>% T"ss se%s")'e + '+s (*#'e"&+&es &e '(s
e(s"s/e*+s. Ss ()e/"(s @ !"/e!"(s +!('+s #e!*"/e% '+ ss/e%/+)"'"&+&= '+ se!"&+& +'"*e%/+!"+= '+
es/+)"'"&+& )"('$"+= '+ (%se!+"$% &e '(s !e!s(s %+/!+'es @ '+ e"&+&= %/( +' ()e/"( &e )Fse&+
&e *+@(! #!(&"$%.:O
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
12/35
e% e' "%""( &e' s"'( XX. E% '+ +/+'"&+& se e*#'e+% +&+ e7 *>s !"/e!"(s e!&es e% '+ /(*+
&e &e"s"(%es e% !es#es/+ + '+ !e"e%/e #!e(#+"$% &e '+ s("e&+& e% *+/e!"+ +*)"e%/+'. L+
e%e!+"$% &e %e+s #!>/"+s e *e(!e% '+ 4(!*+ &e *+%e+! '(s !es"&(s +!(#e+!"(s *)"/( se
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
13/35
P'epa'a(i)*% Se +(%&""(%+% @ *e7'+% '(s *+/e!"+'es &e #+!/"&+ #+!+ !e'+! s
(%/e%"&( e% ++= e' /+*+K( &e '+s #+!/'+s= e'"*"%+! '(s e'e*e%/(s %( /!+%s4(!*+)'es
@ +s/+! '(s %/!"e%/es #+!+ '(!+! %+ !e'+"$% +&e+&+ CHN.
Des(omposi(i)* mes)+ila% :Q 50C; Se #!(&e %+ &e!+&+"$% &e +7F+!es @
+*"%(>"&(s 5 #(! '+ +"$% &e !#(s &e )+/e!"+s :B+"''s @T'"s"s= (%/!('es &e +'"&+& @ e% s +s( e' e%+s+&( @
e/"e/+&(.
A /!+s &e es/(s #!(es(s= se /!+%s4(!*+% !es"&(s (!>%"(s e% !e!s(s %&(se *+@(! !e%/+)"'"&+& + *e&"( @ '+!( #'+7(.
CONDICIONES DEL PROCESO DE COMPOSTA"E%
E% e' #!(es( &e (*#(s/+e= s(% '(s *"!((!+%"s*(s '(s !es#(%s+)'es &e '+ /!+%s4(!*+"$% &e'
ss/!+/(= #(! '( /+%/(= /(&(s +e''(s 4+/(!es e #e&+% "%% /+*)"% s()!e e' #!(es(. L(s 4+/(!es *>s "*#(!/+%/es e "%/e!"e%e% s/e #!(es(
)"('$"( s(% /e*#e!+/!+=
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
14/35
- Tempe'at,'a%L+s 4+ses *es$4"'+ @ /e!*$4"'+ &e' #!(es(= /"e%e% % "%/e!+'( $#/"*( &e
/e*#e!+/!+. Se
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
15/35
&es+!!(''e e' #!(es(= se #e&e ()/e%e! % (*#(s/ !>#"&( @ &e )e%+ +'"&+&= e"/>%&(se
#!()'e*+s &e *+'(s ('(!es.
- N,t'ie*tes%%+ !e'+"$% CHN &e 20 3 es '+ +&e+&+ +' "%""( &e' #!(es( #e!( s" s/+
!e'+"$% es *@ e'e+&+= se &"s*"%@e '+ +/""&+& )"('$"+ #(!e '+ *+/e!"+ (!>%"+ +
(*#(s/+ es #(( )"(&e!+&+)'e #(! '( e '+ 'e%/"/& &e' #!(es( %( se &e)e!> + '+ 4+'/+ &e
%"/!$e%( s"%( + '+ +%/"&+& &e +!)(%(.
- Tamao de pa't(,las%e' /+*+K( &e #+!/'+s %( &e)e se! %" *@ 4"%+ %" *@ !es+= #(!e
s" es *@ 4"%+= se ()/"e%e % #!(&/( +#e'*+7+&(= '( e "*#"&e '+ e%/!+&+ &e +"!e +' "%/e!"(! &e
'+ *+s+ @ %( se ''e+!> + +)( %+ 4e!*e%/+"$% +e!()"+ (*#'e/+. S" '+s #+!/'+s s(% *@
!+%&es= '+ 4e!*e%/+"$% +e!$)"+ /e%&!> '+!= s('+*e%/e e% '+ s#e!4""e &e '+ *+s+ /!"/!+&+.
A%e e' &es*e%7+*"e%/( &e' *+/e!"+' 4+"'"/+ e' +/+e *"!()"+%(= %( se #e&e ''e+! +'
e?/!e*( &e '"*"/+! '+ #(!(s"&+&= es #(! e''( e se !e(*"e%&+ % /+*+K( &e #+!/'+ &e 1 +
*.
T3CNICAS DE COMPOSTA"E
A/+'*e%/e= '(s */(&(s *>s /"'"7+&(s s(% +"/+&( @ es/>/"( E% e' */(&( +"/+&(= e'
*+/e!"+' e se + + 4e!*e%/+! se *ee #e!"$&"+*e%/e= es/( (% e' 4"% &e #e!*"/"! '+ e%/!+&+ &e
(?e%(= (%/!('+! '+ /e*#e!+/!+ @ *e7'+! e' *+/e!"+' #+!+ e e' #!(&/( se+
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
16/35
&e#e%&e &e' /"#( &e e"#+*"e%/( e se + + /"'"7+! #+!+ ('/e+! '(s !es"&(s 4e!*e%/+&(s. U%
s"s/e*+ !>#"&( &e (*#(s/+e e% s s"% ('/e(. E% % s"s/e*+ &e *%"*( !e%&"*"e%/( se
/"'"7+ %+ #+'+ #+!+ ('/e+! '+ %"+ #!(es+&+ &e '(s !es"&(s= 4(!*+%&(
#"'+s &e +#!(?"*+&+*e%/e 2 + 2= * &e +'/!+. P+!+ (%/!('+! '(s ('(!es= se #e&e #(%e! %+ +#+
&e (*#(s/ !")+&( e%"*+ &e '+ #"'+ !e"% 4(!*+&+. E' +"!e %ees+!"( /+%/( #+!+ '+ (%e!s"$%
)"('$"+ (*( #+!+ (%/!('+! '+ /e*#e!+/!+= se "%/!(&e + '+ #"'+ *e&"+%/e % "%@e/(! &e +"!e.
Des#s e e' *+/e!"+' s. P+!+ *e(!+! '+ +'"&+& &e' #!(&/(
4"%+'= se !e+'"7+ %+ /!"/!+"$% ( !")+"$% &e' (*#(s/ !+&(.
Sistemas de (ompostaje e* 'ea(to'%#+!+ s/e s"s/e*+ se
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
17/35
:'e
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
18/35
-Compost tipo :,i(;
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
19/35
Es/(s *+/e!"+'es se +*'+% e% +#+s e% 4(!*+ "%/e!+'+&+ '+ #!"*e!+ +#+ es/+!>
(%s/"/"&+ #(! !es/(s &e (ses '(s &es#e!&""(s &(*s/"(s= '+ s""e%/e +#+ se!>
&e es/"!('= 'e( (/!+ +#+ &e !es/(s &e (se
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
20/35
e es '+ (#(!/%"&+& #+!+ !e+'"7+! '(s ('/e(s :e' ('/e( es #+s+! '+ +#+ &e +)+( /"(; @ '+ /e*#e!+/!+ e% e' *(%/$% %( &e)e se!
&"4e!e%/e + '+ /e*#e!+/!+ &e' +*)"e%/e.
C+%&( se s+ e' (*#(s/ 4!es(= '+s !+es &e '+s #'+%/+s #e&e% +s"*"'+! !>#"&+*e%/e e'
%"/!$e%(= &e es/+ *+%e!+ s$'( se 4+(!ee + '+ #'+%/+ #e!( %( se (%/!")@e + *e(!+! '+
es/!/!+ &e' se'(= #(! '+ #eeK+ 4!+"$%
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
21/35
&!+%/e % /"e*#( *>s '+!(. Es/e (*#(s/ es )e%( #+!+ '/"(s &e '+!( #e!"(&(
ee/+/"( @ *e(!+ '+ es/!/!+ &e' se'(.
Es "*#(!/+%/e /e%e! e% e%/+ '+ !e'+"$% +!)(%(H%"/!$e%( :CHN; &e '(s *+/e!"+'es +
(*#(s/e+!. C+%/( *>s e'e+&+ es '+ !e'+"$% CHN &e '(s !+s/!((s= *>s se #!('(%+ e'
#!(es( &e &es(*#(s""$%. S" '+ !e'+"$% CHN es *+@(! &e 33 #"&+ @ #(! /+%/(= % )e%
+)+s/e"*"e%/( &e %"/!$e%( #+!+ '+s #'+%/+s.
APLICACIONES DEL COMPOST.
SeF% '+ #(+ e% '+ e se +#(!/+ + '+ /"e!!+ @ e' '/"(= #e&e% e%(%/!+se &(s /"#(s &e
(*#(s/
- Compost mad,'o.Es +e' e es/> *@ &es(*#es/( @ #e&e /"'"7+!se #+!+ +'"e! /"#(
&e '/"( #e!( #+!+ +%/"&+&es "+'es /"e%e % +'(! 4e!/"'"7+%/e *e%(s e'e+&( e e' (*#(s/
(e%. Se e*#'e+ e% +e''(s '/"(s e %( s(#(!/+% *+/e!"+ (!>%"+ 4!es+ ( #((
&es(*#es/+ @ (*( ()e!/!+ e% '(s se*"''e!(s.
- Compost jo8e*.Es/> #(( &es(*#es/( @ se e*#'e+ e% e' +)(%+&( &e #'+%/+s e s(#(!/+%
)"e% es/e /"#( &e (*#(s/ :#+/+/+= *+7= /(*+/e= #e#"%( ( +'+)+7+;.
21
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
22/35
L+ e'+)(!+"$% &e *+%/"''( ( (*#(s/ es/> "%&"+&+ e% '(s +s(s e% e '+
/!+%s4(!*+"$% &e !es/(s &e (se
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
23/35
- C(%/"e%e %+ e'e+&+ +!+ e%7"*>/"+ @ )+/e!"+%+ e +*e%/+ '+ s(')"'"7+!+% &e '(s
%/!"e%/es !)('es @ +!)s/(s e% (*#+!+"$% (%
(/!(s ee*#'+!es &e '+ *"s*+ e&+&.
-,+(!ee '+ 4(!*+"$% &e *"(!!"7+s.
-S +"$% +%/")"$/"+ +*e%/+ '+ !es"s/e%"+ &e '+s #'+%/+s + '+s #'++s @ +e%/es #+/$e%(s
-S # %e/!( '(
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
24/35
-Me(!+ '+s +!+/e!s/"+s *"+s &e' se'(.
-Me(!+ '+ +'"&+& @ '+s #!(#"e&+&es )"('$"+s &e '(s #!(&/(s &e' +!(.
- A*e%/+ '+ !es"s/e%"+ + '+s B!+s"' e% e' 2015 #(! M$%"+ S"'+ &e Me%&(%W+ e/ +'.=
es/&"+!(% s" e' (*#(s/+e &e %+ #!(&"$% ("%+ #(&!+ *e(!+! '+ +'"&+& +!(%$*"+ &e'
(*#(s/ #!(&"&( +' *e7'+!se (% es/"!(' &e' +%+&( +%(= *e7'>%&('(s e% #!(#(!"(%es
+!"+)'es= e+'+!(% +!"(s #+!>*e/!(s &e' #!(es( &e (*#(s/+e @ &e' (*#(s/ 4"%+'. L+
"%'s"$% &e es/"!(' &e +%+&( + '+ +*+ &e '+s (e+s e% % 0 !es'/$ e% % +)(%( (!>%"(
*>s es/+)'e= (% +'/( (%/e%"&( &e %/!"e%/es.
P+!+ e' 2012 e% P(!/+'= M+!+ S"'+ e/ +'. e+'+!(% '+ "+)"'"&+& &e /"'"7+! (*#(s/ (% )++
+'"&+& #+!+ ()/e%e! 4e!/"'"7+%/es '"&(s !"(s e% ss/+%"+s
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
25/35
(*#(s/= '(s %&"es &e e!*"%+"$%= (%/e%"&( &e C! @ C 4e!(% '(s #+!>*e/!(s e se
(!!e'+"(%+!(% *>s (% '+ (*#(s""$% *"+ &e '+s ss/+%"+s /e(s (*( se 4e%/es &e N. L(s !es'/+&(s "%&"+!(% e '+ ss/"/"$% &e' %"/!+/( &e
+*(%"( >'"( (% '(&(s &e !es"&(s '>/e(s es %+ (#"$% "+)'e #+!+ '(s s"s/e*+s &e
(*#(s/+e + es+'+ (*e!"+'. E' s( &e %+ +'/e!%+/"+ N"/!$e%( "%&( +*)"(s s"%"4"+/"(s
e% '+ es/!/!+ &e '+ (*%"&+& )+/e!"+%+= #e!( es/( %( +4e/+ + '+ +'"&+& &e' #!(&/( 4"%+'.
A%e es/e es/&"( #!(#(!"(%+ "%4(!*+"$% F/"' s()!e '+s )+/e!"+s +s("+&+s (% e'
25
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
26/35
(*#(s/+e= '+ "%4(!*+"$% s()!e s 4%"$% e% s"s/e*+s &e (*#(s/+e s"e s"e%&( '"*"/+&+.
A&e*>s es/e e%4(e #!(#(!"(%+ %+ !/+ +*)"e%/+' #+!+ '+ e'"*"%+"$% &e % #!(&/( &e
&eses es/+)'e"e!(% '+s (*#'e+s !e'+"(%es e%/!e e'
(*#(s/+e &e es/(s !es"&(s @ '+ &es%"/!"4"+"$%
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
27/35
%"%%+ 4e!/"'"7+"$%. E' e4e/( !es"&+' &e (*#(s/ 4e s"%"4"+/"( @ (%/!")@$ + *+@(!es
!e%&"*"e%/(s (*e!"+'es &e 'e/+%( @
'(&(s se #s( + #!e)+ e% % e?#e!"*e%/( e% *+e/+s &e *+7 e% !e"*"e%/( !e+'"7+&( e% e'
2012 e% P+"s/>% #(! Me*(%= e/ +'. '(s !es'/+&(s &e' e?#e!"*e%/( *(s/!+!(% +*e%/(
+'/+*e%/e s"%"4"+/"( e% +'/!+ &e '+ #'+%/+= !e%&"*"e%/( &e *+/e!"+ se+ @ e' (%/e%"&( &e NP
(% '+ +#'"+"$% &e 4e!/"'"7+%/es. E' !e"*"e%/( &e' *+7= '(s !e%&"*"e%/(s &e *+/e!"+ se+ @ e'
(%/e%"&( &e NP *e(!+!(% s"%"4"+/"+*e%/e +%&( se +K+&"e!(% +)(%( s"% /!+/+! ( /!+/+&(s
20 (*#(s/= #e!( /(&++ es/+)+ #(! &e)+( &e '(s /!+/+*"e%/(s &e 4e!/"'"7+"$%. Es/e es/&"(
*es/!+ '+!+*e%/e e' #+#e' )e%e4""(s( &e *+/e!"+'es (*#(s/+&(s.
E% e' es/&"( !e+'"7+&( e% C+%+&> #(! P!"e= e/ +'.= e% e' 2013 e+'+!(% '+ e4"+"+ &e '+
(*)"%+"$% &e !es"&(s +!('+s ( &e % (*#(s/ 4"%+' :#++ &e /!"(= es/"!(' &e +)+''( @
+*+= es/"!(' &e (e+= @ e' /!"( &e '+ #++; (*( *+/e!"+s #!"*+s &e (*#(s/ (% '(s
&ese
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
28/35
E% C('(*)"+ se !e+'"7$ %+ +!+/e!"7+"$% %/!""(%+'= 4"s"(*"+ @ *"!()"('$"+ &e /!es
+)(%(s (!>%"(s #+!+ s( e% +!(e(s"s/e*+s &e #+s/!+s e% '+ s)!e"$% S+)+%+s &e'
&e#+!/+*e%/( &e S!e e% e' 2010 #(! R"+!&( P!e7= A'e?+%&e! P!e7 @ Me')+ Ve!/e'. L(s
!es'/+&(s *(s/!+!(% e '+ (*#(s/+ &e #(''"%+7+ #!ese%/+ %+ *+@(! (%/!")"$% %/!""(%+'=
*+@(! !e/e%"$% &e s )++ &e%s"&+& 4s"+. L(s /!es +)(%(s /"e%e% (%e%/!+"(%es &e
C&= C!= = N" @ P) #(! &e)+( &e '(s %"e'es *>?"*(s #e!*"s")'es #(! '+ NTC 168 &e 2005.
C(% !e'+"$% + '+ &"e!s"&+& &e (*%"&+&es *"!()"('$"+s= '+ (*#(s/+ &e )("%+7+
#!ese%/$ *+@(! &"e!s"&+& #()'+"(%+' &e s e!+%( + %es/!+
"%es/"+"$% es e' &es+!!(''+&( Es()+! e/ +'.= 2012= &es+!!(''+&( e% '(s *%""#"(s &e L)+%(=
,!es%( e I(%(%7( :T('"*+;= @ '+ #!("%"+ &e' S*+#+7= e' +' "&e%/"4"( #()'+"(%es
*"!()"+%+s e% e' (*#(s/ &e !es"&(s (!>%"(s &e 4"%+s +4e/e!+s &e C%&"%+*+!+= '+
+''"%+7+= 4e e' /!+/+*"e%/(= e *>s +'/(s +'(!es ()/(= (% !es#e/( +)%&+%"+ @ &"e!s"&+&
*"!()"('$"+. L(s *"!((!+%"s*(s &e *+@(! "*#(!/+%"+= e%(%/!+&(s= /+%/( e% ss/!+/(s
s"*#'es= (*( e% ss *e7'+s= 4e!(% #+!+ e' +s( &e '+s )+/e!"+s= '(s %e!(s Pse&(*(%+s @
B+"''s #+!+ +/"%(*"e/(s= '(s #e!/e%e"e%/es +' %e!( S/!e#/(*@es @ #+!+ '(s %"(s.
>. METODOLO!IA
28
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
29/35
E' e%4(e *e/(&('$"( e*#'e+&( #+!+ !e+'"7+! es/+ "%es/"+"$% es e' )+s+&( e% */(&(s +'"/+/"(s
% ee!"e%&( % "*#+/( #(s"/"( ( %e+/"( 4!e%/e +' (*#(%e%/e e se es/> e+'+%&(. P+!+ '+
29
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
30/35
*+/!"7 &e "&e%/"4"+"$% &e "*#+/(s se es/+)'e"e!(% &e 4(!*+ e!/"+' '(s s""e%/es !"/e!"(s &e
e+'+"$%
C(*#(%e%/e +e !e4e!e%"+ +' !e!s( %+/!+' ( s("+' (% e' +'es "%/e!+/F+% &e *+%e!+ (%/"%+=
#+!+ e' *+%e( &e '(s !es"&(s s$'"&(s e% e' *%""#"( &e B+!"%"(s= s e%e!+"$% @ se#+!+"$% e% '+
4e%/e &es&e '(s &"4e!e%/es %e("(s
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
31/35
C(% !es#e/( + '(s (*#!+&(!es se +#'"$ '+ e%es/+ #+!+ &e/e/+! e /"#(s &e "*#+/(s se es/>%
e%e!+%&( #(! e' *+%e( "%+&e+&( &e '(s !es"&(s= e' #%/( &e "s/+ @ '+ !es#(%s+)"'"&+& e /"e%e%
es/(s +/(!es &e '+ #'+7+ &e *e!+&(.
L+ O)se!+"$% D"!e/+ +' #!(es( &e *+%e( &e '(s !es"&(s s$'"&(s se &"( #(! *e&"( &e "s"/+s
#e!*+%e%/es &e *+%e!+ "%4(!*+' + '+ #'+7+ &e *e!+&( &e Ce!e/- C$!&()+ /e%"e%&( #!ese%/e (*( se
&ese%e'e% '(s "%('!+&(s &"!e/(s :e%&e&(!es; e% e' *+%e( &e '(s !es"&(s s$'"&(s e e%e!+%
@ H( #!(&e%. T+*)"% +s"s/"&+ #(! e' &"+'(( (% +'%( &e '(s e%&e&(!es e 4+"'"/$ '+ &es!"#"$%
&e' #!(es( &e *+%e( &e es/e /"#( &e !es"&(s. Es/+ /%"+ #e!*"/e s*e!"!se e% '+ "&+ &"+!"+ &e '+
(*%"&+& #+!+ e%/e%&e!'+ *e(! :Ge"'4s= 2002;
>.1 Pobla(i)*
L+ #()'+"$% &e' #!ese%/e es/&"( es/> (%4(!*+&+ #(! #!(#"e/+!"(s:+s; &e .2 M,est'a
P+!+ e' &es+!!(''( &e '+ e%es/+ es &e +!+/e!s/"+s se*e%/+!"+s @ !e#!ese%/+/"+= /(*+&+. L+ *es/!+
es/> (%4(!*+&+ #(! 10 #e!s(%+s @ !e#!ese%/+ +' &e /(/+' &e
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
32/35
V+!"+)'e E' (*#!(*"s( &e /(&(s '(s "&+&+%(s &e B+!"%"(s e &ese% *e(!
s( + /(&(s es/(s !es"&(s e e%e!+% (%/+*"%+"$% e% e' *%""#"(.
>.> I*di(ado'es de 0esti)* i*te0'al de 'esid,os s)lidos P!IRS.
!e*e'ado' To*eladas
Res"&e%"+' 5 0
C(*e!"( 2 21.88
E&+"$% 5 5.55
A&*"%"s/!+"$% 2 2.22
32
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
33/35
S+'& 0. 0.
Re'""$% 0.5 0.55
I%&s/!"+ 0.9 0.99
V""e%&+ (*e!"( .0 10.00
V""e%&+ - "%&s/!"+ 3.3 3.66TOTAL 0 100.0
T+)'+ 5 Ge%e!+"$% &e !es"&(s s$'"&(s &e' +s( !)+%(
>.? Re(ole((i)* de i*+o'ma(i)*
Se !e+'"7+!+ %+ e%es/+ #+!+ +&+ %+ &e '+s 7(%+s e (%4(!*+% e' >!e+ (%/+*"%+&+ &e B+!"% e% e%/+ '+s 3 (*"&+s &"+!"+s #(! '(s 3 &+s
'+)(!+&(s.
No.
Descripci
nactividades
RECURSOS (humano,fsico, tecnolico!
"ipo deunidad
(a#o,mes,da,
hora!
N$merode
unidadesnecesarias
%alorunidad
%alorparcial
%alor"otal
1 Tarea area!i"ar #ar$e!era unidad 10 % 1&200
%12&000
Tranpor$e d'a 6 %20&000
%120&000
33
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
34/35
Re(ri)erio unidad 27 % 4&000%
108&000
pape!er'a unidad 20 % 1&000%
20&000
260&0T+)'+ P!es#es/(s
@. CRONO!RAMA DE ACTI$IDADES
Se &es+!!(''+!+ e' #!"*e! (*#(%e%/e e% % &"+ @ e' (*#(%e%/e &(s @ /!es se &es+!!(''+!+ '(s s""e%/es
&+s= @ e' '/"*( (*#(%e%/e es '+ es#e!+ #+!+ #(&e! !e+'"7+! %es/!( #!(@e/(.
T+)'+ 6 C!(%(!+*+
. BIBLIOB!RAFIA
ALCALDA Municipal. Plan de Gestin ntegral de !esiduos "lidos del Municipio de
#aric$ara.%&&'#("T)"* Lourdes + otros, %&&-. Maneo ntegral de !esiduos en la Corporacin de Abastos de#ogot/.
C0APP Luis. %&&& Modulo studios de mpacto Ambiental. Publicaciones (2C)!.Monter3a. ' pg.
34
7/26/2019 Proyecto Tatiana c
35/35
C)2"A 4icente. 1556. Gu3a Metodolgica de 7aluacin de mpacto Ambiental. dicionesMundi8Prensa* Madrid. %98%6pg
G!ALD)* ugenio. 1556. Maneo ntegrado de !esiduos "lidos Municipales. Ministerio deAmbiente. (ni7ersidad de los Andes. #ogot/. :68:5 pg.
Altieri* M.* + 2ic$olls* C. ;%&&&ico. 1: ? ':.
Canet* !. ;%&&6