INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA FULGENCIO LEQUERICA VELEZ GUIA DE TRABAJO

AREA: INGLES GRADO: 10 PERIODO: 2 HORAS: 26 horas

PROPÓSITO DEL AREA: Formar estudiantes fulgencistas competentes en las cuatro habilidades básicas del idioma Inglés (listening, speaking, writing & reading), para que interactúen en actos comunicativos de su entorno turístico.

AMBITO O PENSAMIENTO: Listening, writing, speaking, Reading. Expresar de forma oral y escrita planes futuros y acciones del pasado en inglés.

ENSEÑANZA:

Modal verbs. Present and past perfect.

Objetivos específicos (Indicadores de logros). Writing, Reading, writing and listening skill.

Expresar habilidades, posibilidades, sugerencias entre otras en inglés. Expresar acciones en tiempo pasado.

INITIAL ACTIVITY

Watch the video and the site.

http://www.espressoenglish.net/difference-between-present-perfect-and-past-perfect-in-english/

DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY

resent perfect

An action that started in the past and continues to the present.

I have lived in this city for six months.

An action that happened before now (unspecified time)

I have been to Japan twice.

How to form the present perfect:

HAVE / HAS + past participle

Examples of the present perfect:

My mother has just gone to the store.

Janet has lived abroad for five years.

I haven’t seen the new movie yet.

Have you finished your homework?

It’s very common to use the contractions ‘ve and ‘s in the present perfect:

I’ve been to Japan three times.

My mother’s just gone to the store.

Janet’s lived abroad for five years.

Past perfect

An action that happened before a time in the past

When I arrived at the office this morning, I discovered that I had left my computer on the night before.

How to form the past perfect:

HAD + past participle

Examples of the past perfect:

1. I went to Japan in 1988 and 1991.

2. I turned 10 years old in 1994.

I had been to Japan twice by the time I was 10 years old.

1. My husband ate breakfast at 6:00 AM

2. I woke up at 7:00 AM

When I woke up this morning

, my husband had already eaten breakfast.

It’s common to use the contraction ‘d in the past perfect:

I’d traveled to five different countries by the time I was 20 years old.- See more at: http://www.espressoenglish.net/difference-between-present-perfect-and-past-perfect-in-english/#sthash.oM1h9cXW.dpuf

Modal Verbs

Here's a list of the modal verbs in English:

can could may might willwould must shall should ought toModals are different from normal verbs:

1: They don't use an 's' for the third person singular.2: They make questions by inversion ('she can go' becomes 'can she go?').3: They are followed directly by the infinitive of another verb (without 'to').

Probability:

First, they can be used when we want to say how sure we are that something happened / is happening / will happen. We often call these 'modals of deduction' or 'speculation' or 'certainty' or 'probability'.

For example:

It's snowing, so it must be very cold outside. I don't know where John is. He could have missed the train. This bill can't be right. £200 for two cups of coffee!

Ability

We use 'can' and 'could' to talk about a skill or ability.

For example:

She can speak six languages. My grandfather could play golf very well. I can't drive.

Obligation and Advice

We can use verbs such as 'must' or 'should' to say when something is necessary or unnecessary, or to give advice.

For example:

Children must do their homework. We have to wear a uniform at work. You should stop smoking.

Permission

We can use verbs such as 'can', 'could' and 'may' to ask for and give permission. We also use modal verbs to say something is not allowed.

For example:

Could I leave early today, please? You may not use the car tonight. Can we swim in the lake?

Habits

We can use 'will' and 'would' to talk about habits or things we usually do, or did in the past. 

For example:

When I lived in Italy, we would often eat in the restaurant next to my flat. John will always be late!

ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY

EXERCISE 1

Present Perfect vs. Past Perfect QuizQuestion 1

When I opened the refrigerator, I discovered that someone ____________ the last piece of cake.

A . has eaten B.had eaten

Question 2

She failed the test because she _____________.

A. hasn't studied B.hadn't studied

Question 3

By the end of the night, John ___________ with everyone at the party.

A.has talked B.had talked

Question 4

____________ Brazilian food until my trip to Rio last month.

A.I've never had B.I'd never had

Question 5

They couldn't drive home because _____________ their keys in the car.

A.they've locked B.they'd locked

Question 6

We ____________ the new English teacher yet.

A.haven't met B.hadn't met

Question 7

Don't get the floor dirty - my mother _____________ the house.

A.has just cleaned B.had just cleaned

Question 8

You're working late again?! ___________ overtime every day this week!

A.You've worked B.You'd worked

Question 9

_____________ Brazilian food.

A.I've never had B.I'd never had

Question 10

I had a great time on my date with Henry last week, but he ____________ me since.

A.hasn't called B.hadn't called

EXERCISE 2

Choose the correct modal or modal form to fit the sentence.

Note: In some questions more than one of the answer choices may be heard in current English. The answer shown as correct is the one that is expected in traditional grammar.

Q1. I didn’t feel very well yesterday. I ..... eat anything.

cannot

couldn’t

mustn’t

Q2. You ..... look at me when I am talking to you.

could

should

would

Q3. I was using my pencil a minute ago. It ..... be here somewhere!

can

could

must

would

Q4. You really ..... be late again.

must not

don’t have to be

Q5. If you don’t start working harder, you ..... repeat the course next year.

have to

must

will have to

Q6. His parents spoil him. He’s always ..... to do whatever he wants.

been able

been allowed

Q7. Phone her now.She ..... home by now.

has to be

must be

would be

Q8. You ..... forget your sun cream. It’s going to be very hot!

don’t have to

mustn’t

needn’t

Q9. I ..... be able to help you, but I’m not sure yet.

might

would

Q10. Entrance to the museum was free. We ..... pay to get in.

needn’t

didn’t need to

Q11. Already as a child Mozart ..... play the piano beautifully.

could

should

would

Q12. Which sign are you more likely to see at an

airport: Bags ..... not be left unattended.can

must

may

Q13. I really ..... try to get fit.

may

must

would

Q14. ..... take a photograph of you?Am I allowed to

May I

Q15. Students ..... borrow up to 6 books at any time.

are allowed to

could

Q16. Whose is this bag? - I don’t know, but it ..... belong to Yuta.

could

may

should

would

Q17. ..... I go to the bathroom, please?

May

Must

Would

Q18. His excuse ..... be true, but I don’t believe.can

may

Q19. It’s very important to ..... speak more than one language.

can

be able to

Q20. I don’t like ..... get up early on a Sunday.

being able to

being allowed to

having to

Q21. ..... you speak French? - Only a few words, but my Russian is pretty good.

Can

Could

Q22. ..... you help me move this table? (Both answers are possible. Choose the more polite request.)

Can

Could

Q23. I ..... talk already before I was two years old.could

should

would

Q24. I ..... help you, but I don’t want to.can

could

would

Q25. ..... you open the window, please.Can

May

EXERCISE 3

Complete the sentences below with the simple form of past perfect.Example: He ____________ (leave) when I arrived.  He had left when I arrived.

1. I thought I knew her. I thought I   (see) her before.

2. He   (drive) only twice in his life before the accident.

3. Bonny no longer had her car. She   (sell) it.

4. I saw Annabel last week. She   (change) a lot.

5. Terry wasn't at home He   (just go) out.6. I tried to find Mr Jones but he wasn't around. Then I found out he 

 (die).7.

He didn't need to borrow the car because he   (have) his bike repaired.

8. Jenny   (just get) home when the phone rang.

9. The new restaurant wasn't open any longer. It   (close) down.

10. He fed the cat because no-one   (feed) it for days.

EXERCISE 4

We use the past perfect when we are already talking about the past and we ´go back´ to say that something had happened before.

THE FORMhad / hadn’t + the past participle I had done it.She hadn’t done it.Had they done it ?

USAGEStudy the examples :She was afraid because she had never flown

before.He loved the house. He had lived there all his life.After we had done our HW, we went to bed.They had left before I could say anything.She said she hadn’t written it .Had you checked the mail before you sent it ?

Match the sentence halves using the past simple and past perfect . Use WHEN or AFTER.e.g. After / when they had done their HW, they could play PC games.

They ate the dinner. She finally took the red one.She felt much better. He finished eating.Jack decided to have a rest. They did their homework.They went to a pub to celebrate it. I lent it to Sophie.The bank clerk called the police. Mandy could leave the hospital.I finished reading the magazine. He painted the hall and the kitchen.Lisa tried on five sweaters. Mark cleared the table. Peter asked for a cup of coffee. Rita took a hot bath.She completely recovered. They won the match.They could play PC games. The robbers left.

Finish the sentences using the past perfect :1. Sue didn’t pass the exams because…2. When we got to the party…3. Mark was broke because… 4. By the time Lara finally got up… 5. I didn’t want to see her because….6. When I called for the job…7. By the time the film finished…8. Did you go home after …?

Answer the questions using the past perfect :1. Why was she so excited ?2. Why did he feel tired ?3. Why was the fridge empty ?4. Why were you sick ?5. Why wasn’t she at the party ?6. What did he learn when he called the office ?

Rewrite the sentences using the past simple and past perfect : 1.She soon (realize) that she (spend) all her money. 2.He (be) tired because he (not eat) anything since the morning. 3.When all the guests (leave) I (start) tidying. 4.As soon as Jack (eat) his ice-cream he (go) to buy another one. 5.The police never (find out) where he (hide) the money. 6.We (not recognize) her. She (cut) her hair. 7. She (be) very upset because he (not answer) her e-mails.