Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
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ERVICIO NACIONAL DE ADIE TRAMIENTO
EN TRABAJO INDU TRIAL
ZONAL LAMBAYEQUE
CAJAMARCA NORTE
MECNICA DE CON TRUCCIONE
METLICA
PROYECTO:
VOLTEADOR DE JAVAS
ABRIL MAYO 2014
CHICLAYO PER
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ERVICIO NACIONAL DE ADIE TRAMIENTO
EN TRABAJO INDU TRIAL
PROYECTO:
VOTEADOR DE JAVAS
E PECIALIDAD:
MECNICA DE CONSTRUCCIONES METLICAS
INTEGRANTE :
CAMPOS IDROGO, RONALDPIZARRO VILLEGAS, JHAN EDGAR
YARLEQUE ARROYO, JOEL EDGAR
IN TRUCTOR:
Ing. DANIEL F. PREZ LUNA
INGRE O:
202!I
NDICE
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PRE ENTACIN
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E" #$n%&' ($ )'&*+#-n &')$/'n+" SENATI S$&1#' N+#'n+" ($
A($/%&+*$n%' $n T&++3' In(4/%&+"5, $/ 4n+ $n%(+( &$/%g'/+ 64$ n$#$/%+
('%+&/$ ($ "+ n)&+$/%&4#%4&+ n$#$/+&+ +&+ /4 n'&*+" )4n#'n+*$n%' +#+(7*#' 8
*9/ +4n +&+ "'g&+& /4 #&$#*$n%' 8 ($/+&&'""'.
En%'n#$/ $/ +/: #'*' /4&g$ "+ n#+%1+ ($ #&$+& 4n %&++3' ($ nn'1+#-n 8
*$3'&+, "+ #'n/%&4##-n ($ 4n VOLTEADOR DE JAVAS, #'n1&%7n('/$ $n 4n
1+"'/' +'&%$ +&+ "+ $*&$/+ ;DELCOR FA
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E" &$/$n%$ %&++3' "' ($(#+*'/ + D'/
'& ?+$&n'/ (+(' "+ 1(+, #4(+& ($
n'/'%&'/ +&+ 64$ %'(' n'/ 1+8+ $n (:+
%&+/ (:+.
A n4$/%&'/ P+(&$/ '& %'(' /4 +'8'
8 %'%+" #'n)+n>+ ($'/%+(+ $n n'/'%&'/.
T+*7n $/ g&+%' ($(#+&"$ + n4$/%&'/
In/%&4#%'&$/ ($ SENATI D+n$" F. P7&$>
L4n+, 64$ #'n /4/ ?+"(+($/ 8
#++#(+($/ n'/ ?+n n/%&4(' ($ %+" *+n$&+
64$ n'/'%&'/ n'/ /4$&$*'/ 8 /$& *$3'&$/
$n "+ 1(+.
A "+/ ()$&$n%$/ $*&$/+/ 64$ n'/
($&'n "+ #'n)+n>+ ($ &$+">+& &9#%#+/
$n /4/ n/%+"+#'n$/ ($/+&&'""+n('
n4$/%&+/ ($/%&$>+/ 8 ?+"(+($/.
L'/ +4%'&$/.
AGRADECIMIENTO
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A" #4"*n+& n4$/%&+ #+&&$&+ &')$/'n+"
$@&$/+*'/ n4$/%&+/ *4$/%&+/ ($ &')4n('
+g&+($#*$n%' + D'/ %'(''($&'/' '&
?+$&n'/ g4+(' '& $" #+*n' ($" $n, 8 +
n4$/%&'/ +(&$/ '& /4 +'8' #'n/%+n%$ 64$
n'/ &n(+&'n (4&+n%$ n4$/%&+ )'&*+#-n.
T+*7n "$ (+*'/ n4$/%&' *9/ /n#$&'
+g&+($#*$n%' + n4$/%&'/ n/%&4#%'&$/ 8
/'&$ %'(' +" $&/'n+" ($ "+ $*&$/+ $" #4+"
n'/ +'8' $n $" &'#$/' ($ )++#-n ($
n4$/%&' &'8$#%' ($ nn'1+#-n.
L'/ +4%'&$/.
INTRODUCCIN
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L+/ $@g$n#+/ $&*+n$n%$/ ($ $/%$ *4n(' n'/ #'n""$1+ + *$3'&+& (:+ %&+/
(:+, +&+ +"#+n>+& /$& *$3'&$/ #'*' &')$/'n+"$/ $n $" 9&$+ ($ M$%+" M$#9n#+ 8
+/: '($& $3$#4%+& n4$/%&' &'8$#%' ($ nn'1+#-n 8' *$3'&+ 64$ #'n//%$ $n 4n
VOLTEADOR DE JAVAS, +&+ +4*$n%+& "+ &'(4##-n &$(4#& #'/%'/, %$*' 8
*+n' ($ '&+.
M$(+n%$ $" #4+" %&+%+&$*'/ ($ $@"#+& +/' + +/' %'(' $" &'#$/' ($
#'n/%&4##-n 8 "'/ *+%$&+"$/ 4/+('/ $n (#?' &'8$#%'.
DENOMINACIN DEL PROYECTO
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PROYECTO :VOLTEADOR DE JAVAS
EMPRESA :;DELCOR FA
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L+ $*&$/+ ;DELCOR FA
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OBJETIVO
I*"$*$n%+#-n 8' *$3'&+ ($ *+64n+&+ $n $" 9&$+ ($ &'(4##-n ($ "+
$*&$/+. M+8'& &'(4##-n. F+#"%+& $" %&++3' ($n%&' ($" 1'"%$' ($ 3++/. D/*n4& $g&$/'/ ($ "+ $*&$/+.
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CONOCIMIENTO TECNOLGICO
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1)LO METALE
M$%+" /$ 4/+ +&+ ($n'*n+& + "'/ $"$*$n%'/ 64:*#'/ #+&+#%$&>+('/ '& /$& 4$n'/
#'n(4#%'&$/ ($" #+"'& 8 "+ $"$#%(+(. E/%'/ *$%+"$/ *48 &+&+*$n%$ /$ $n#4$n%&+n $n
$/%+(' n+%4&+", + $@#$#-n ($" *$&', $" '&', "+ "+%+ 64$ /$ "$/ $n#4$n%&+ +3' "+ )'&*+($ *n$&+"$/.
T'('/ "'/ *$%+"$/ /'n /-"('/8 + %$*$&+%4&+/ '&(n+&+/ /$ #"+/)#+n $n ('/ g&4'/
)$&&'/'/ $" +#$&', ?$&&' 8 "+ )4n(#-n ($ ?$&&'5 8 n' )$&&'/'/ #'&$, >n#, "'*', $/%+',
+n%*'n', n:64$", *+ng+n$/', +"4*n', $%#.5
L+/ )'&*+/ *9/ #'*4n$/ ($ "'/ *$%+"$/
+&+ "+ 4%">+#-n /'n $n /$##-n #4+(&+(+,
"+n+, &$('n(+, +ng4"+& ($ "+('/ g4+"$/ '
($/g4+"$/. ng4"'/ +g4('/ $n ;U= ' $n ;T=,"+n#?+/.
1.1 EL ACERO
C'*n*$n%$ /$ $n%$n($ '& acer "+ +"$+#-n ($
?$&&', #+&'n' 8 '%&'/ $"$*$n%'/ ('n($ $" &n#+"
$"$*$n%' 64:*#' ($" #4+" n)"48$n /4/ &'$(+($/ 8
#+&+#%$&:/%#+/ $/ $" #+&'n'. L+ /'"(+"(+( ($ "'/ +#$&'/
($$n($ ($" '$n%+3$ ($ #+&'n' 64$ $/%'/ #'n%$ng+n, 8+
64$ + *+8'& #+n%(+( ($ #+&'n' &$/$n%$ $n "+ +"$+#-n
()#4"%+ "+ /'"(+"(+( 8 + *$n'& '$n%+3$ ($ #+&'n'
+4*$n%+ "+ /'"(+"(+( ($ $/$ *+%$&+"
1.2 CLA IFICACIN DE LO ACERO
!"#"! A#$&'/ +" C+&'n'!"#"# A#$&'/ A"$+('/
1.2.1 ACERO AL CARBONO
S$ ($n'*n+n +/: #4+n(' n' /$ $/$#)#+n n /$ g+&+n%>+n '%&'/ $"$*$n%'/ +"$+n%$/
64$ 4($&+n #'n%$n$&, $/%'/ +#$&'/ '%$n$n /4/ &'$(+($/ ($$n($n(' ($" '$n%+3$
($ #+&'n' 64$ #'n%$ng+n.
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S$gn /4 '$n%+3$ ($ #+&'n' /$ #"+/)#+n $n
a$ Acer% &e Ba' Car():T'('/ "'/ %'/ ($ +#$&' 64$
#'n%$n$n $n%&$ 0.0 ! 0.K0 ($ #+&'n', /'n #'n'#('/
#'*' +#$&'/ ' )$&&' (4"#$.
($ Acer% &e Me&*a) Car():S'n %'('/ "'/ %'/ ($+#$&' 64$ #'n%$ng+n $n%&$ 0.K0 0. ($ #+&'n'.
c$ Acer% &e A+ Car():T'('/ "'/ %'/ ($ +#$&' 64$
'/$$n $n%&$ 0. 0.0 ($ #+&'n'.&$ Acer% &e Herra-*e)a%:S'n "'/ +#$&'/ 64$ #'n%$n$n $n%&$ 0.0 . ($ #+&'n', +
/4 1$> $/%'/ +#$&' 4$($n #'n%$n$& '%&'/ *+%$&+"$/ +"$+('/ 64$ *$3'&+n /4/
&'$(+($/ *$#9n#+/ 8 ):/#+/.
1.2.2 ACERO ALEADO
S$ (+ $" n'*&$ ($ +#$&'/ +"$+('/ + "'/ +#$&'/ 64$ +($*9/ ($ "'/ #n#' $"$*$n%'/
#+&'n', /"#', *+ng+n$/', )-/)'&' 8 +>4)&$, %+*7n
#'n%$n$n #+n%(+($/ &$"+%1+*$n%$ *'&%+n%$/ ($ '%&'/
$"$*$n%'/ #'*' *'"($n', #&'*', n:64$", $%#., 64$ /&1$n
+&+ *$3'&+& +"g4n+/ ($ /4/ #+&+#%$&:/%#+/ )4n(+*$n%+"$/.
L'/ +#$&'/ +"$+('/ /$ 4$($n #"+/)#+& $n ('/ g&4'/ ($
+#4$&(' + "+ /4*+ %'%+" ($ "'/ $"$*$n%'/ ($ +"$+#-n 64$
#'n%$ng+n 8 /'n "+/ /g4$n%$/
a$ Acer% &e Ba'a A+eac*.): T&%"'/ +#$&'/ 64$ #48+ /4*+ ($ $"$*$n%'/ +"$+n%$/ n'
/'&$ +/$n $" 0, /$n(' ?$&&' $" &$/%+n%$. A"g4n'/ ($ $/%'/ +#$&'/ /'n C'&!T$n,
A#$&' N+1+", CK20, K20, $%#.($ Acer &e A+a A+eac*.): S'n %'('/ "'/ +#$&'/ #48+ /4*+ %'%+" ($ $"$*$n%'/ +"$+n%$/
/'&$ +/+n $" 0, $n +"g4n'/ #+/'/ 4$($ ""$g+& + 0 #'*' $" +#$&' n'@(+"$.
1.3 PROPIEDADE MECANICA DE LO ACERO
A4n64$ $/ ():#" $/%+"$#$& "+/ &'$(+($/ ):/#+/ 8 *$#9n#+/ ($" +#$&' ($(' +
64$ $/%+/ 1+&:+n #'n "'/ +34/%$/ $n /4 #'*'/#-n 8 "'/ (1$&/'/ %&+%+*$n%'/ %7&*#'/,
64:*#'/ ' *$#9n#'/, #'n "'/ 64$ 4$($n #'n/$g4&/$ +#$&'/ #'n #'*n+#'n$/ ($
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#+&+#%$&:/%#+/ +($#4+(+/ +&+ n)n(+( ($ +"#+#'n$/, /$ 4$($n #%+& +"g4n+/
&'$(+($/ g$n7+/
S4 ($n/(+( *$(+ $/ ($ ,0 g*.
En )4n#-n ($ "+ %$*$&+%4&+ $" +#$&' /$ 4$($ #'n%&+$&, ("+%+& ' )4n(&. E" 4n%' ($ )4/-n ($" +#$&' ($$n($ ($" %' ($ +"$+#-n 8 "'/ '$n%+3$/ ($ $"$*$n%'/
+"$+n%$/. E" ($ /4 #'*'n$n%$ &n#+", $" ?$&&' $/ ($ +"&$($('& ($ .0 C $n $/%+('
4&' /n +"$+&5, /n $*+&g' $" +#$&' &$/$n%+ )&$#4$n%$*$n%$ %$*$&+%4&+/ ($ )4/-n ($
+"&$($('& ($ .K C, 8 $n g$n$&+" "+ %$*$&+%4&+ n$#$/+&+ +&+ "+ )4/-n +4*$n%+ +
*$((+ 64$ /$ +4*$n%+ $" '$n%+3$ ($ #+&'n' 8 ($ '%&'/ +"$+n%$/. $@#$%' "+/
+"$+#'n$/ $4%7#%#+/ 64$ )4n($n ($ g'"$5. P'& '%&+ +&%$ $" +#$&' &9(' )4n($ +
.0 C.
S4 4n%' ($ $4""#-n $/ ($ +"&$($('& ($ K.000 C.
E/ 4n *+%$&+" *48 %$n+>, $/$#+"*$n%$ $n +"g4n+ ($ "+/ +"$+#'n$/ 4/+(+/ +&+
)++& ?$&&+*$n%+/.
R$"+%1+*$n%$ (#%". C'n 7" /$ '%$n$n ?"'/ ($"g+('/ ""+*+('/ +"+*&$/.
E/ *+"$+"$. S$ 4$($n '%$n$& "9*n+/ ($"g+(+/ ""+*+(+/ ?'3+"+%+. L+ ?'3+"+%+ $/ 4n+
"9*n+ ($ +#$&', ($ $n%&$ 0, 8 0,2 ** ($ $/$/'&, &$#4$&%+, g$n$&+"*$n%$ ($ )'&*+
$"$#%&'":%#+, '& $/%+'.
P$&*%$ 4n+ 4$n+ *$#+n>+#-n $n *964n+/ ?$&&+*$n%+/ +n%$/ ($ &$#& 4n
%&+%+*$n%' %7&*#'.
A"g4n+/ #'*'/#'n$/ 8 )'&*+/ ($" +#$&' *+n%$n$n *+8'& *$*'&+, 8 /$ ($)'&*+n +"
/'&$+/+& /4 ":*%$ $"9/%#'.
L+ (4&$>+ ($ "'/ +#$&'/ 1+&:+ $n%&$ "+ ($" ?$&&' 8 "+ 64$ /$ 4$($ "'g&+& *$(+n%$ /4
+"$+#-n 4 '%&'/ &'#$(*$n%'/ %7&*#'/ ' 64:*#'/ $n%&$ "'/ #4+"$/ 64>9 $" *9/
#'n'#(' /$+ $" %$*"+(' ($" +#$&', +"#+"$ + +#$&'/ #'n +"%' #'n%$n(' $n #+&'n',
64$ $&*%$, #4+n(' $/ /4$&)#+", #'n/$&1+& 4n n#"$' %$n+> $n "+ $>+ 64$ $1%$
)&+#%4&+/ )&9g"$/. S$ 4$($ /'"(+& #'n )+#"(+(.
L+ #'&&'/-n $/ "+ *+8'& ($/1$n%+3+ ($ "'/ +#$&'/ 8+ 64$ $" ?$&&' /$ '@(+ #'n /4*+
)+#"(+(.
P'/$$ 4n+ +"%+ #'n(4#%1(+( $"7#%+.
2) GENERALIDADE EN LA OLDADURA
2.1 OLDADURA ELCTRICA
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L+ /'"(+(4&+ E"7#%+ $/ /n "4g+& + (4(+ "+ *9/ #'*"#+(+ 8 ():#" $n%&$ %'(+/ "+/
$/$#+"(+($/ $@/%$n%$/ $n $" #+*' ($ "+ #'n/%&4##-n, /n $*+&g', $/ #&$$n#+ ($
*4#?+/ $&/'n+/ 64$ "+ +"+&+ ;/'"(+(4&+= $/ +64$" %&++3' ($ /*"$ 4n-n ($ ('/ $>+/
*$%9"#+/ '& *$(' ($ 4n #'&(-n ($ /'"(+(4&+, /n (+&/$ #4$n%+ 64$ "+
#'n/%&4##'n$/*$%9"#+/ n' /'"' $/ 4n /*"$ %&++3' /n' 4n +&%$ +&+ 64$n$/ "' $3$$n.P+&+ 64$ 4n+ $&/'n+ 4$(+ /+$& "' 64$ $/ ;/'"+(4&+ +" +' $"7#%'= ($$n ($
'%$n$& n)'&*+#-n + %&+17/ ($ 4n+ /$&$ ($*+n4+"$/ ('n($ $@"64$ $" &'#$(*$n%' +
/$g4& +&+ &$+">+& $/%+ /'"(+(4&+ 8 %'(' "' 64$ %$ng+ 64$ 1$& #'n $""'.
L+ %+&a&/ra$/ 4n &'#$/' ($ )++#-n $n ('n($ /$ &$+">+ "+ 4n-n ($ ('/
*+%$&+"$/, g$n$&+"*$n%$ *$%+"$/ ' %$&*'"9/%#'/5, 4/4+"*$n%$ "'g&+(' + %&+17/ ($ "+
#'+"$/#$n#+ )4/-n5, $n "+ #4+" "+/ $>+/ /'n /'"(+(+/ )4n($n(' +*+/ 8 4($n('
+g&$g+& 4n *+%$&+" ($ &$""$n' )4n((' *$%+" ' "9/%#'5, +&+ #'n/$g4& 4n +' ($ *+%$&+"
)4n((' $" bao de soldadura5 64$, +" $n)&+&/$, /$ #'n1$&%$ $n 4n+ 4n-n )3+.
2.2 PROCEDIMIENTO DE OLDADURA
#"#"! !"#"$%# &% F%'#:C'n//%$ $n "+ 4n-n ($ ('/ $>+/ 64$ /$ /4$"(+n $n%&$
/ g'"$9n('"+/ #'n 4n *+&%""' /'&$ 4n 84n64$, &$1+*$n%$ ?+n /(' ""$1+(+/ + 4n
$/%+(' +/%'/' *$(+n%$ $" #+"'& ($ 4n+ )&+g4+.
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#"#"# !"#"$%# O(*+,$-,!/:L+ #'*4/%-n ($" +#$%"$n' $n 4n+ +%*'/)$&+ ($
'@g$n' &'(4#$ 4n+ ""+*+ 64$ +"#+n>+ *48 +"%+/ %$*$&+%4&+/. E/$ n%$n/' #+"'& $/
+&'1$#?+(' +&+ )4n(& 8 /'"(+& "'/ *$%+"$/ 8+ /$+ /'"' '& #+"'& ' 4%">+n(' +"gn
*+%$&+" ($ +'&%$.
#"#"0 !"#"$%# &% A%* E!0*%*:L'/ *$%+"$/ /$ )4n($n '& $" #+"'& n%$n/'
64$ /$ ($/+&&'""+ $n $" +' $"7#%'. E/%$ +' /$ )'&*+ $n%&$ "'/ %$&*n+"$/ ($ 4n
g$n$&+('& ($ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+, 4n' ($ "'/ %$&*n+"$/ $/ 4n $"$#%&'(' &$1$/%(' 64$
/$ )4n($ 8 $" '%&' $/ "+ $>+ ($ %&++3' #'n$#%+(+ +" g$n$&+('&.
#"#"1 !"#"$%# &% R/--/*# E!0*%*#:E" +/' ($ "+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ ($
4n $"$#%&'(' + '%&' + %&+17/ ($ ('/ ($"g+(+/ "+n#?+/ g$n$&+ #+"'&. L+/ "+n#?+/ /$
)4n($n $n $" 4n%' ($ #'n%+#%' ($ "'/ $"$#%&'('/ 8 /$ /4$"(+n +84(+('/ '& "+
&$/-n 64$ $/%'/ $3$$n.
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#"#"2 P%*/- MIG M/#! I/%/ G#-):Un +' $"7#%' $/ *+n%$n(' $n%&$ 4n
+"+*&$ /-"(' 64$ )4n#'n+ #'*' $"$#%&'(' #'n%n4' 8 "+ $>+ ($ %&++3'. E" +' 8
"+ /'"(+(4&+ )4n((+ /'n &'%$g('/ '& 4n #?'&&' ($ g+/ n$&%$ ' +#%1', $" &'#$/'
4$($ /$& 4/+(' $n "+ *+8'&:+ ($ "'/ *$%+"$/ 8 "+ g+*+ ($ +"+*&$/ $n ()$&$n%$/
+"$+#'n$/ 8 +"#+#'n$/ $/ #+/ n)n%+.
#"#"3P%*/- TIG T$-/ I/%/ G#-): $/ 4n &'#$/' $n $" 64$ /$ 4/+ 4n
$"$#%&'(' n' #'n/4*"$ ($ %4ng/%$n' /-"(', $" $"$#%&'(', $" +' 8 $" 9&$+ +" &$($('&
($ "+ /'"(+(4&+ )4n((+ /'n &'%$g(+/ ($ "+ +%*-/)$&+ '& 4n $/#4(' ($ g+/ n$&%$,
/ +"gn *$%+" ($ +'&%$ $/ n$#$/+&' $/ +g&$g+(' + "+ /'"(+(4&+ ($/($ $" )&$n%$ ($"
'&($ ($ "+ /'"(+(4&+ 64$ /$ 1+ )'&*+n('.
3) OLDADURA POR ARCO ELECTRICO CON
ELECTRODO METALICO REVE TIDO MA4)
L+ /'"+(4&+ +" +' $"7#%' #'n $"$#%&'(' *$%9"#' &$1$/%(' ' /*"$*$n%$
;/'"(+(4&+ $"7#%+= $/ 4n &'#$/' ($ 4n-n '& )4/-n ($ $>+/ M$%9"#+/ +&+ "'g&+& "+
4n-n, /$ #'n#$n%&+ $" #+"'& ($ 4n +' $"7#%' $/%+"$#(' $n%&$ "'/ '&($/ ($ "+/ $>+/ +
/'"(+& 8 4n+ 1+&""+ *$%9"#+ ""+*+(+ $"$#%&'(', &'(4#7n('/$ 4n+ >'n+ ($ )4/-n 64$, +"
/'"()#+&/$, )'&*+ "+ 4n-n $&*+n$n%$.
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3.1 PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LA OLDADURA POR ARCO
ELCTRICO:
P+&+ $/%+"$#$& 4n #%' #'*"$%', $/
n$#$/+&' #'n%+& #'n
G$n$&+('& ($ #'&&$n%$ )4$n%$ ($ '($&5. C+"$ ($ #'n$@-n. P'&%+ E"$#%&'('. M+/+ ' T$&&+. E"$#%&'('. P$>+ %&++3'.
E" #%' /$ #$&&+ *'*$n%9n$+*$n%$
%'#+n(' #'n "+ 4n%+ ($" $"$#%&'(' "+ $>+ ($
%&++3' 8 &$%&9n('"+ n*$(+%+*$n%$ + 4n+ +"%4&+ &$$/%+"$#(+, )'&*9n('/$ ($ $/%+
*+n$&+ 4n +'. E" #+"'& )4n($ 4n 9&$+ &$/%&ng(+ ($" *+%$&+" +/$ $n "+ 4n%+ ($"$"$#%&'(', )'&*+n(' $64$'/ g"-4"'/*$%9"#'/ #4$&%'/ ($ $/#'&+ "64(+, "'/
#4+"$/ /'n %&+n/)$&('/ +" *$%+" +/$ '& )4$&>+/ $"$#%&'*+gn7%#+/, (+n(' #'*'
&$/4"%+(' "+ )4/-n ($ ('/ *$%+"$/ 8 /4 /'"()#+#-n + *$((+ 64$ $" +' +1+n>+.
3.2 FUNCIN DEL ARCO ELCTRICO
E" #+"'& ($" +' )4n($ "+ "+n#?+ ' *$%+" +/$ 8 "+ $@#+1+, #'n' / )4$&+ 4n #?'&&' ($
+g4+ $n %$&&+ )"'3+ "+ &')4n((+( ($ "+ $@#+1+#-n ($%$&*n+ "+ $n$%&+#-n. E" *$%+"
+/$ )4n((' '& " +' )'&*+ 4n $64$+ "+g4n+ ' ;#&9%$&=, 8 $n $" /$ ($'/%+ $"*$%+" )4n((' ($" $"$#%&'(' 64$ g'%+ + g'%+ 1+ #+8$n(' '& "+ )4$&>+ ($" +'.
3.3 NOCIONE DE ELECTRICIDAD CON RELACIN AL ARCO
ELCTRICO
P+&+ #'*&$n($& *$3'& "+ +"#+#-n ($" +' $"7#%' + "+ /'"(+(4&+ $/ n$#$/+&'
#'n'#$& #$&%'/ &n#'/ )4n(+*$n%+"$/ &$"+#'n+('/ #'n "+ $"$#%(+(.
3.3.1 E! C%*$ E!0*%*
Un+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ #"+ / n' %$n$ 4n #+*n' #$&&+(' /'&$ / $/%$
#+*n' /$ ""+*+ #%' $"7#%'.
3.3.2 E! C%*$ "/ !"#"$%# &% A%* E!0*%*
L + #'&&$n%$ )"48$ + +&%& ($ ($" '&n$ ($ "+ *964n+ ($ /'"(+&, ('n($ /$ )3+ $"
#+"$ ($" $"$#%&'(' , 8 %$&*n+ $n $" '&n$ ($ "+ *+64n+ ('n($ /$ )3+ $" #+"$ ($
%$&&+ ' ($ %&++3' 2.A +&%& ($ ($" 4n%' "+ #'&&$n%$ )"48$ +" '&%+ $"$#%&'(' 8 '& $/%$ +" $"$#%&'(',
/+"%+ "+ $"$#%(+( + "+ $>+ )'&*+n(' $" +' $"7#%', /g4$ )"48$n(' "+ $"$#%(+(
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 19
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
20/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
'& $" *$%+" +/$ +" #+"$ ($ %$&&+ 2 8 14$"1$ + "+ *+64n+. E" #%' $/%+ $/%+"$#('
/'"' #4+n(' $" +' /$ $n#4$n%&+ $n#$n(('.
3.3.3 V!#'/ 5 A+&/%#'/
A" AMPERAJEE" +*$&+3$ n' $/ '%&+ #'/+ 64$ "+ )4$&>+ ' "+ '%$n#+ $n 4n+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+
#"+n(' $n%&$ ('/ 4n%'/, $/%'/ /'n $" n$g+%1' 8 $" '/%1' + %&+17/ ($ 4n
#'n(4#%'& ' #+"$ $"7#%'. L+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ #"+ ($" n$g+%1' ?+#+ $" '/%1'.L+ )'&*+ ($ /+$& 64$ +*$&+3$ #"+ '& 4n+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ $/ #'n$#%+('
$n /$&$ 4n +*$&:*$%&', +&+ $/%' ($$ ($ ?+$& 4n+ #+&g+ $n%&$ $" n$g+%1' 8 $"
'/%1', '& $3$*"', 4n &$#$%'& ($ &+(', 4n+ "+1+('&+ ($ &'+, $%#.E" +*$&+3$ $n 4n #%' $"7#%' /$ ?+ #'*+&+(' #'n 4n )"43' ($ +g4+ '& 4n
#'n(4#%', #4+n%' *9/ #+4(+" ($ +g4+, *+8'& &$/-n, '%&' )+#%'& 64$ n)"48$ $/ $"g&'/'& ($" #'n(4#%'. S $" #'n(4#%' $/ &$(4#(' $" +g4+ #'n%$n$ *9/ &$/-n $&' /4
#+4(+" /$&9 *$n'&. S '& $" #'n%&+&', $" #'n(4#%' $/ *+8'&, "+ #+n%(+( ($ +g4+ /$&9,
'& "' */*' *+8'& $&' + *$n'& &$/-n. L' */*' /4#$($ #'n 4n #'n(4#%'&
$"7#%', / /4 #+"&$ g&4$/'5 $/ &$(4#(', "+ #'&&$n%$ $n#'n%&+&9 &$//%$n#+ 4
''/#-n + /4 +/', / $" #+"&$ $/ *+8'&, )"4&9 ($ )'&*+ "&$ #'n *$n'& &$//%$n#+.
B" VOLTAJE
E" 1'"%+3$, %$n/-n, %+*7n ()$&$n#+ ($ '%$n#+", /$ "$ ($n'*n+ + "+ )4$&>+
$"$#%&'*'%&> FEM5 64$ $3$$ 4n+ &$/-n ' #+&g+ $n 4n #%' $"7#%' #$&&+('
/'&$ "'/ $"$#%&'n$/, #'*"$%+n(' #'n $/%' 4n #%' $"7#%'. E/%' (+ #'*'
&$/4"%+(' $" )"43' ($ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+. C4+n%' *+8'& /$+ "+ &$/-n $3$(+ ($ "+
)4$&>+ $"$#%&'*'%&> /'&$ "'/ $"$#%&'n$/ ' #+&g+/ $"7#%+/ 64$ #"+n '& $"
#'n(4#%'&, $n $/+ *$((+ /$&9 $" 1'"%+3$ ' %$n/-n 64$ $@/%&9 $n $" #%'.
3.6 CLA E DE CORRIENTE ELCTRICA
En %&++3'/ ($ /'"(+(4&+ '& +' $"7#%' /$ 4$($n 4%">+& ('/ #"+/$/ ($
#'&&$n%$ /$gn /$ "+ #'n1$n$n#+ 8 n$#$/(+( ($" */*' "+ #'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+ 8
#'&&$n%$ #'n%n4+.E/%+/ #'&&$n%$/ /'n &'(4#(+/ '& g$n$&+('&$/, (9n('"$/ $" n'*&$ ($
+"%$&n+('&$/ + "'/ 64$ &'(4#$n "+ C.A. 8 (n+*'/ + "'/ 64$ &'(4#$n "+ C.C.
0"1"!CORRIENTE ALTERNA C.A:S$ ($n'*n+ crr*e)e a+er)a+&$1+(+ CA$n
$/+'" 8 AC$n ng"7/, ($ alternatingcurrent5 + "+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ $n "+ 64$ "+
*+gn%4( 8 (&$##-n 1+&:+n #:#"#+*$n%$. L+ )'&*+ ($ 'n(+ ($ "+ #'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+
*9/ #'*n*$n%$ 4%">+(+ $/ "+ ($ 4n+ 'n(+ /n'(+" )g4&+ 5, 4$/%' 64$ /$#'n/g4$ 4n+ %&+n/*/-n *9/ $)#$n%$ ($ "+ $n$&g:+. Sn $*+&g', $n #$&%+/
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 20
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoidehttp://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoidehttp://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinusoide -
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
21/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
+"#+#'n$/ /$ 4%">+n '%&+/ )'&*+/ ($ 'n(+ $&-(#+/, %+"$/ #'*' "+ %&+ng4"+& ' "+
#4+(&+(+.
0"1"#CORRIENTE CONTINUA C.C:
L+ crr*e)e c)*)/a CC $n $/+'", $n
ng"7/ DC, ($ DirectCurrent5 $/ $" )"43' #'n%n4' ($ $"$#%&'n$/ + %&+17/ ($ 4n
#'n(4#%'& $n%&$ ('/ 4n%'/ ($ (/%n%' '%$n#+". A ()$&$n#+ ($ "+ #'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+
CA $n $/+'", AC $n ng"7/5, $n "+ #'&&$n%$ #'n%n4+ "+/ #+&g+/ $"7#%+/ #"+n
/$*&$ $n "+ */*+ (&$##-n $/ ($#&, "'/ %$&*n+"$/ ($ *+8'& 8 ($ *$n'&
'%$n#+" /'n /$*&$ "'/ */*'/5. A4n64$ #'*n*$n%$ /$ ($n%)#+ "+ #'&&$n%$
#'n%n4+ #'n "+ #'&&$n%$ #'n/%+n%$ '& $3$*"' "+ /4*n/%&+(+ '& 4n+ +%$&:+5, $/
#'n%n4+ %'(+ #'&&$n%$ 64$ *+n%$ng+ /$*&$ "+ */*+ '"+&(+(.
3.7 POLARIDAD
E@/%$n ('/ %'/ ($ '"+&(+( P'"+&(+( (&$#%+ ' n'&*+" E/ #4+n(' $" #+"$ ($" '&%+ $"$#%&'(' $/ #'n$#%+(' +"
'"' n$g+%1' ($ "+ )4$n%$ ($ '($& 8 $" #+"$ ($ %$&&+ +" '"' '/%1'. P'"+&(+( n1$&%(+ ' n(&$#%+ C4+n(' $" #+"$ ($" '&%+ $"$#%&'(' $/%9 #'n$#%+('
+" '"' '/%1' ($ "+ )4$n%$ ($ '($& 8 $" #+"$ + %$&&+ $/%9 #'n$#%+(' +" n$g+%1'.
3.8 FENMENO DEL ARCO ELCTRICO PARA OLDAR
En "'/ '"'/ ($" +', $" 1'"%+3$ 1+&:+ /$gn "+ "'ng%4( ($ $/%$. A" &'>+& $" $"$#%&'('
#'n "+ $>+, $" 1'"%+3$ $/ #$&' 8 1+ +4*$n%+n(' + *$((+ 64$ "+ "'ng%4( ($" +' /$ ?+#$
*+8'&, ?+/%+ 64$ '& +"$3+&/$ ($*+/+(' $" $"$#%&'(', $" +' /$ n%$&&4*$ 8 "+ *+64n+
14$"1$ + /4 ;1'"%+3$ $n 1+#'= 64$ $/ /$*&$ *9/ $"$1+(' 64$ $" 1'"%+3$ ($ %&++3'.L+ n%$n/(+( ($ #'&&$n%$ ' +*$&+3$ n$#$/+&' +&+ )4n(& $" $"$#%&'(' 1+&:+ ($
+#4$&(' + "+ $>+ + /'"(+&, $/%$ ($$ $"$1+&/$ + *$((+ 64$ +4*$n%+ $" (9*$%&' ($"
$"$#%&'(' 4%">+('. L + &$g4"+#-n ' +4*$n%' ($ +*$&+3$ "+ &$+">+ $" /'"(+('&.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 21
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7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
22/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6) MA9UINA PARA OLDAR POR ARCO ELECTRICO
L+ *964n+ ($ /'"(+& $/ 4n' ($ "'/ (/'/%1'/ ' ?$&&+*$n%+/ *9/ 4%">+(+/ '& $"
/$& ?4*+n', $/%' /$ ($$ + 64$ $n +"gn *'*$n%' ($ n4$/%&+ 1(+ ?$*'/ %$n(' 64$
/'"(+& +"g4n+ $>+. E/%$ %' ($ *964n+/ n' /'n ($ #'*"$3+ *+n4"+#-n $&' /: ($$
%$n$& #4(+(' +" 4%">+&/$ 8+ 64$ $/%+*'/ %&++3+n(' #'n 4n $"$*$n%' *48 $"g&'/', $"
)4$g' '& $/%' ($$*'/ n$#$/+&+*$n%$ %'*+& *$((+/ +&+ $1%+& #4+"64$& %' ($
+##($n%$/ %+n%' /'&$ n4$/%&' ):/#' #'*' /'&$ $" "4g+& $n ('n($ $/%+*'/ %&++3+n('.
6.1 CARACTER TICA :
T&+n/)'&*+& $" 1'"%+3$ ($ "+ &$( $"7#%+ + 4n 1'"%+3$ $n 1+#', 64$ $&*%+ n#+& $"
+' $" 1'"%+3$ $n 1+#' $/ $" 64$ /4*n/%&+ "+ *+64n+ +n%$/ ($ n#+& $" +' 1+&+($ K0 + 0 1'"%'/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 22
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
23/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Un+ 1$> n#+(' $" +' ($$ $&*%& 4n #'n1$&/-n +4%'*9%#+ $ n/%+n%9n$+ ($"
1'"%+3$ $n 1+#' + 4n 1'"%+3$ ($ %&++3', 64$ $&*%+ *+n%$n$& $" +' 1'"%+3$ ($
%&++3' $/ $" 64$ &'''n+ "+ *+64n+ #4+n(' $" +' $/%+ $n#$n((' 1+&+ ($ +
1'"%'/.
P$&*%& "+ &$g4"+#-n ($ "+ n%$n/(+( ($ #'&&$n%$ ' +*$&+3$ n$#$/+&' +&+ /'"(+&,$/$ +*$&+3$ 1+&:+ /$gn $" (9*$%&', $/$/'& ($ "+ $>+, '/#-n ($ %&++3',
(9*$%&' ($" $"$#%'(',$%#. A/$g4&+& 4n+ +"*$n%+#-n #'n/%+n%$ ($ #'&&$n%$, 64$ $&*%+ *+n%$n$& $" +'
$/%+"$.
6.2 CLA E DE MA9UINA DE OLDAR POR ARCO ELCTRICO
L+/ *+64n+/ ($ /'"(+& /'n #"+/)#+(+/ #'n ()$&$n%$/ #&%$&'/. A('%$*'/ "+
/g4$n%$ #"+/)#+#-n
1"#"! MAQUINAS EST4TICAS
A /4 1$> /$ #"+/)#+n $n "'/ /g4$n%$/ %'/
A" Ma5/*)a% *6 ra)%7r-a&r:L+ *964n+ /'"(+('&+ %' %&+n/)'&*+('& &'(4#$
#'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+. L+ '%$n#+ $/ %'*+(+
(&$#%+*$n%$ ($ 4n+ ":n$+ ($ )4$&>+ $"7#%+ 8
%&+n/)'&*+(+ $n 4n 1'"%+3$ &$64$&(' +&+
/'"(+&. E" %&+n/)'&*+('& CA *9/ /$n#""' %$n$ 4n+
'n+ &*+&+ 8 4n+ 'n+ /$#4n(+&+ #'n 4n
+34/%$ +&+ &$g4"+& "+ /+"(+ ($ #'&&$n%$. L+
'n+ &*+&+ &$#$ "+ #'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+ ($ "+
)4$n%$ $"7#%+ 8 #&$+ 4n #+*' *+gn7%#', "' 64$ #+*+ #'n/%+n%$*$n%$ $n
(&$##-n 8 '%$n#+. L+ 'n+ /$#4n(+&+ n' %$n$ nng4n+ #'n$@-n $"7#%+ + "+
)4$n%$ ($ )4$&>+ $&' $/%9 +)$#%+(+ '& "+/ ":n$+/ ($ )4$&>+ #+*9n('/$ $n $"
#+*' *+gn7%#' '& "+ n(4##-n 7/%+ $n%&$g+ 4n+ #'&&$n%$ %&+n/)'&*+(+ + 4n
1+"'& *9/ +"%' +" +' ($ /'"(+&.
A"g4n'/ %&+n/)'&*+('&$/ CA $/%9n $64+('/ #'n 4n n%$&&4%'& +*")#+('&($ +' "' 64$ &'''n+ 4n '"$+3$ ($ #'&&$n%$ +&+ )+#"%+& $" $/%+"$#*$n%' ($"
+' #4+n(' $" $"$#%&'(' ?+#$ #'n%+#%' #'n $" *$%+" +&+ /'"(+&. D$/47/ ($ )'&*+&
$" +', "+ #'&&$n%$ +4%'*9%#+*$n%$ 14$"1$ + "+ #+n%(+( +34/%+(+ +&+ $" %&++3'. E"
n%$&&4%'& +*")#+('& ($ +' %$n$ 1+&'/ +34/%$/ +&+ $&*%& $/%+"$#*$n%'
&9(' ($" +' +&+ /'"(+& "+n#?+/ ($"g+(+/ ' "+#+/ g&4$/+/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 23
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
24/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
B" Ma5/*)a% *6 rec*7*ca&r: L'/ &$#%)#+('&$/ /'n
%&+n/)'&*+('&$/ 64$ #'n%$n$n 4n (/'/%1' $"7#%' 64$
#+*+ "+ #'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+ $n #'&&$n%$ (&$#%+.L'/ &$#%)#+('&$/ +&+ "+ /'"(+(4&+ '& +'
g$n$&+"*$n%$ /'n ($" %' ($ #'&&$n%$ #'n/%+n%$ ('n($ "+#'&&$n%$ +&+ /'"(+& 64$(+ &+>'n+"$*$n%$ #'n/%+n%$ +&+
$64$+/ 1+&+#'n$/ $n "+ "'ng%4( ($" +'.L'/ &$#%)#+('&$/ $/%9n #'n/%&4('/ +&+ &'''n+& #'&&$n%$ CD
/'"+*$n%$, ' +*+/, #'&&$n%$ CD 8 CA. P'& *$(' ($ 4n n%$&&4%'&, "'/ %$&*n+"$/
($ /+"(+ 4$($n #+*+&/$ +" %&+n/)'&*+('& ' +" &$#%)#+('&, &'(4#$n(' #'&&$n%$
CA ' CD (&$#%+ ' #'&&$n%$ CD ($ '"+&(+( n1$&/+.
En "+ +#%4+"(+(, "'/ ('/ *+%$&+"$/ &$#%)#+('&$/ 4%">+('/ +&+ *964n+/
/'"(+('&+/ /'n $" /$"$n' 8 $" /"#'.C" E5/*6 ra)%7r-a&r 8 rec*7*ca&r:E/%+/*964n+/ &'''n+n %+n%' C.C #'*'
C.A +&+ /'"(+&. S4 #'n/%&4##-n $"7#%+ $/$#+" $&*%$ #+*+& ($ 4n+ #'&&$n%$
+ '%&+ #'n /'"' *'1$& 4n+ ""+1$ ($ #'n*4%+#-n.
1"#"# MAQUINAS ROTATIVAS
E/%9n #'*4$/%+/ 9/#+*$n%$ ($ 4n *'%'&, 64$ &'''n+ 1$"'#(+( ($
&'%+#-n + 4n (n+*', $" #4+" &'(4#$ "+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ +&'+(+ +&+ /'"(+&.
E+ -r 6/e&e %er: E"7#%', )4n#'n+n(' #'n "+ #'&&$n%$ $"7#%+ &'1$n$n%$ ($ 4n+ &$( g$n$&+" ($
$"$#%(+(. D$ #'*4/%-n, /$+ + g+/'"n+ ' $%&-"$'.
6.3 CICLO DE TRABAJO
C+(+ *964n+ /'"(+('&+ %$n$ $/%+"$#(' /4 ##"' ($ %&++3', 64$ $/ 4n+ &$"+#-n
$n%&$ $" %$*' 64$ $" +' $/%9 $n#$n((' 8 $" %$*' %'%+" 64$ "+ *964n+ $/%9
)4n#'n+n('. Un ##"' ($ %&++3' ($ 4n 00 $/ #4+n(' "+ *964n+ $/ '$&+(+ $n )'&*+
#'n%n4+. S$ 4/+ n'&*+"*$n%$ +&+ /'"(+(4&+/ $3$#4%+(+/ #'n /'"(+('&+/ +4%'*9%#+/. Un##"' ($ %&++3' ($ 4n 0 /gn)#+ 64$ "+ #++#(+( *9@*+ ($ "+ *964n+ 4$($ /$&
4/+(+ /'"' *n4%'/ ($ 4n %'%+" ($ 0 *n4%'/ #'n%n4'/. E/%' $/ %$*' /4)#$n%$ +&+
/'"(+& *+n4+", ('n($ n' $/ '/"$ %$n$& '$&+#'n$/ ($ /'"(+(4&+/ %'%+"*$n%$ #'n%n4+/.
6.6 TEN IN DE VACO O DE CIRCUITO ABIERTO
En g$n$&+", $n 4n+ )4$n%$ ($ '($& +&+ /'"(+(4&+ $/ ($/$+"$ (/'n$& ($ 4n+
%$n/-n ($ 1+#' $"$1+(+, +&+ )+#"%+& $" +&&+n64$ ($" +'. Sn $*+&g', '& &+>'n$/ ($
/$g4&(+(, "+ */*+ /$ "*%+ + 1+"'&$/ 64$ &$(4>#+n $" &$/g' ($ $"$#%&'#4#-n. L+/ n'&*+/
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 24
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
25/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
NEMA, '& $3$*"' "*%+n (#?+ %$n/-n + 0 1'"%'/ +&+ $64'/ ($ /'"(+(4&+ *+n4+", 8 +
00 1'"%'/ +&+ $64'/ ($ /'"(+(4&+ /$*+4%'*9%#+.
6.7 CADA DE TEN IN
S "+ *+64n+ %$n$ 4n 1'"%:*$%&', $/%$ n(#+ &+*+/ "+/ #+:(+/ $n #+"$/, $"$#%&'(','&%+ $"$#%&'(', $>+ 8 #'n$@-n ($ *+/+ 4$/%' 64$ "+ /'"(+(4&+ $/ /$*&$ 4n+
'$&+#-n ($ +"%+ #'&&$n%$, "+/ #+:(+/ ($ 1'"%+3$ /'n *48 &'n4n#+(+/. P+&%#4"+&*$n%$ "'/
#+"$/ 4$($n '#+/'n+& 4n+ #'n/($&+"$ 7&((+ ($ 1'"%+3$.O%&+/ #+4/+/ ($ "+ #+:(+ ($ %$n/-n /'n $" *+" *+n%$n*$n%' ($ "'/ #+"$/,
#'n$@'n$/ ($ *+/+/ 8 $"$#%&'('/. E@/%$/ "+/ /g4$n%$/ '/"$/ )+""+/ R'%4&+/ ($ #+"$/. C'n$@'n$/ )"'3+/. U/' ($ 4n+ n>+ ($*+/+(+ $64$+.
C'n$@-n + *+/+ /%4+(+ ($*+/+(' "$3'/ ($" +'. M+" #'n%+#%' ( " #'n$@-n + *+/+. C'n%+#%' ($)$#%4'/' ($" $"$#%&'(' #'n "+ $>+ ($(' +" '"1'.
7)ELECTRODO
7.1 GENERALIDADE
L'/ *+%$&+"$/ ($ +'&%$ /'n &'+*$n%$ "'/ $"$#%&'('/, 1+&""+/, +"+*&$/, )"43'/, $%#.
Q4$ #'n/%%48$n $" *$%+" ($ '&%+#-n $n "+ /'"(+(4&+.
T7#n#+*$n%$/$&:+*48 #'n)4/' /$"$##'n+& $" *+%$&+" ($ +'&%$ +n%$ "+ g&+n 1+&$(+(
($*++/ 8 %'/ +($#4+('/ +&+ #+(+ %&++3' 8 %' ($ /'"(+(4&+ / n' $@/%$&+n+($#4+('/ //%$*+/ ($ n'&*+">+#-n +&+ $/%'/ *+%$&+"$/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 25
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
26/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
EE.UU. %$n$ "+/ n'&*+/ AS, A"$*+n+ "+/ n'&*+/ DIN, J+-n "+/ n'&*+/ JIS,
Ing"+%$&&+ +/ n'&*+ +#-n
/$ ++($n +" &$1$/%*$n%' ($" $"$#%&'(' &'(4#%'/ 64:*#'/ ($n'*n+('/ /+"$/ ($
/'(', '%+/' 8 +&' "'/ #4+"$/ %$n$n 4n+ %$n/-n ($ 'n>+#-n +3+ 8 4n '($&
%$&*'-n#' $"$1+('. E" &$#4&*$n%', %+*7n #'n%$n$ $n /4 #'*'/#-n &'(4#%'/
#'*' "'/ /"#+%'/, "'/ #+&'n+%'/, "'/ -@('/ ($ ?$&&' 8 -@('/ ($ %%+n' 64$
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 26
-
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)+1'&$#$n "+ )4n#-n ):/#+ ($ "'/ $"$#%&'('/, 64$ )+#"%+n "+ /'"(+(4&+ $n "+/ (1$&/+/
'/#'n$/ ($ $3$#4#-n ($" /'"($'.
2"0"#FUNCIONES METALR;ICAS:A($*9/ ($ "+/ )4n#'n$/ ($ $/%+">+& 8 )+#"%+& $"
)4n#'n+*$n%' $"7#%' ($" +' 8 ($ #'n%&4& ):/#+*$n%$ + "+ *$3'& )'&*+#-n ($"
#'&(-n, $" &$#4&*$n%' %$n$ 4n+ *'&%+n#+ ($#/1+ $n "+ #+"(+( ($ "+ /'"(+(4&+.
Un+ ($ "+/ &n#+"$/ )4n#'n$/ *$%+"&g#+/ ($ "'/ &$#4&*$n%'/ ($ "'/ $"$#%&'('/
$/ &'%$g$& $" *$%+" ($ "+ '@(+#-n, &*$&' +/"9n('"' ($ "+ +%*-/)$&+ '@(+n%$ 64$
&'($+ +" +' 8 ($/47/ &$#4&7n('"' #'n 4n+ #++ ($ $/#'&+ *$n%&+/ /$ $n)&:+ 8
/'"()#+.
2"0"0FUNCIONES MEC4NICAS:E" &$1$/%*$n%' %$n($ + )4n(&/$ n*$(+%+*$n%$ ($/47/ ($"
n#"$'*$%9"#', )'&*+n(' 4n+ #'n#+1(+( ($ )'&*+ %+" 64$ $" &$1$/%*$n%' $&*%+
(&g& "+ )4$&>+ ($" +' 8 "+/ g'%+/ ($ *$%+" )4n((' ($ 64$ 64$($n $n "+ (&$##-n($/$+(+.
E/%+ )4n#-n 64$ #4*"$ $" &$1$/%*$n%' $/ ($ g&+n4%"(+( /'&$ %'(' $n
'/#'n$/ )'&>+(+/.
7.6 COMPO ICIN B ICA DEL REVE TIMIENTO
L+ #'*'/#-n ($ "'/ &$1$/%*$n%'/ /4$"$ /$& *48 #'*"$3+. S$ %&+%+ g$n$&+"*$n%$
($ 4n+ /$&$ ($ /4/%+n#+/ '&g9n#+/ 8 *n$&+"$/. En "+ )++#-n ($ "+ +/%+ +&+ $"
&$1$/%*$n%' /4$"$n n%$&1$n&
-@('/ n+%4&+"$/ -@('/ ($ ?$&&', "$*%+ 0 -@(' )7&' 8 0 -@(' ($ %%+n'5,
&4%"' -@(' ($ %%+n'5, /:"#$ -@(' ($ /"#'5. /"#+%'/ n+%4&+"$/ #+'":n, %+"#', *#+, )$"($/+%'... &'(4#%'/ 1'"9%"$/ #$"4"'/+, /$&&:n... )4n($n%$/ &'(4#%'/ 64:*#'/ #+&'n+%'/, -@('/... )$&&'+"$+#'n$/ ($ Mn, S, T...
+g"'*$&+n%$/ /"#+%' /-(#', /"#+%' '%9/#'.
Sn $*+&g', "+ n+%4&+"$>+, ('/)#+#-n 8 '&g$n ($ "'/ #'*'n$n%$/ $&*+n$#$ $n
/$#&$%' '& +&%$ ($" )++n%$ 64$ $n "+ &9#%#+ /$ "*%+ + g+&+n%>+& "+ #'*'/#-n
64:*#+ ($" *$%+" ($'/%+(' 8 /4/ #+&+#%$&:/%#+/ *$#9n#+/ #+&g+ ($ &'%4&+, ":*%$
$"9/%#', +"+&g+*$n%' 8 &$//%$n#+ %$n+#(+(5.
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7.7 CLA IFICACIN
L'/ $"$#%&'('/ /$ #"+/)#+n $n
7.7.1 ELECTRODO CELUL ICO PENETRACIN PROFUNDA)
C"+/)#+#-n AS ($ $"$#%&'('/ +&+ +#$&'/ +" #+&'n' AS!E!00 N+5 8
AS!E!0 B5.
A" Caracer
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E" Re)&*-*e) =ra>*-?r*c"
E" +' &'(4#$ 4n )4$&%$ #?/'&&'%$', #'n +4n(+n%$/ 7&((+/ '&
/+"#+(4&+/. E" &$n(*$n%' $/%9n(+& /4$"$ /$& n)$&'& +" 0.
F" Se=/r*&a& &e /%"
L'/ $"$#%&'('/ #$"4"-/#'/ &'(4#$n 4n+ g&+n #+n%(+( ($ ?4*'/. P'& $""', $/
&$#'*$n(+"$ $1%+& /4 4/' $n &$#n%'/ #$&&+('/, #'*' $" n%$&'& ($ #+"($&+/,
#/%$&n+/, &$#$n%$/, $%#. P'& '%&+ +&%$, "' $n7&g#' ($" +' +#'n/$3+ $*"$+& #'n
*9/ &g'& "'/ *+%$&+"$/ ($ &'%$##-n, %+"$/ #'*' g'&&+/, g4+n%$/, *+n("$/, '"+n+/,
$%#. L'/ $"$#%&'('/ #$"4"-/#'/ n' ($$n &$/$#+&/$ n4n#+.
;" A6+*cac*)e%"
A4n64$ /'n +($#4+('/ +&+ /'"(+& $n %'(+/ "+/ '/#'n$/, /$ /4$"$n $*"$+&
$@#"4/1+*$n%$ +&+ /'"(+& %4$&:+ $n 1$&%#+" ($/#$n($n%$, '&64$
P&'(4#$n *48 '#+ $/#'&+. S$ *+n$3+n #'n )+#"(+(. C'n/g4$n 4n+ 4$n+ $n$%&+#-n $n $" #'&(-n ($ &+:>, $n $/%+ '/#-n.
S4 4/' /$ $/%9 g$n$&+">+n(' $n '"$'(4#%'/, 8 g+/'(4#%'/ $n ('n($ &$/4"%+
1$n%+3'/' /'"(+& $n %'(+/ "+/ '/#'n$/, /n #+*+& "'/ +&9*$%&'/ ($ /'"($'.
T+*7n /'n +($#4+('/ $n +"#+#'n$/ $n ('n($ /$ &$%$n(+ #'n/$g4& 4n+ 4$n+
$n$%&+#-n.
7.7.2 ELECTRODO RUTILICO MEDIANA PENETRACIN Y
MEJOR ACABADO)
C"+/)#+#-n AS ($ $"$#%&'('/ +&+ +#$&'/ +" #+&'n' AS!E!02 N+5 8
AS!E!0K B5.
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A" Caracer
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$"$1+(+ n%$n/(+( ($ #'&&$n%$. L+ #+n%(+( ($ $"$*$n%'/ &$)&+#%+&'/ ($"
&$#4&*$n%' '&gn+ 4n +' %&+n64"', ($ *$(+n+ $n$%&+#-n.
E" Par@-er% &e /%"
T$n/-n ($ #$+(' $n%&$ 0 8 0 V.
S$ $*"$+n #'n #'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+ ' #'n #'&&$n%$ #'n%n4+, $n +*+/
'"+&(+($/.
F" Re)&*-*e) =ra>*-?r*c"
E" &$n(*$n%' g&+1*7%' $/%9n(+& $/%9 #'*&$n((' $n%&$ $" 0 8 $" 00.
;" A6+*cac*)e%"
E/%'/ $"$#%&'/, )9#"$/ ($ $n#$n($& 8 &$$n#$n($&, '#' /$n/"$/ + "+ ?4*$(+(,
$/#+/+/ /+"#+(4&+/ 8 )+1'&+"$ $"*n+#-n ($ $/#'&+, 64$ $&*%$n 4n+ &+>'n+"$
1$"'#(+( ($ /'"($' #'n/%%48$n 4n+ g+*+ ($ #'n/4*"$/ *48 +&$#+(+.
R$/4"%+n '& /4 )9#" *+n$3' $n #4+"64$& #"+/$ ($ *'n%+3$, "+ $/#+/+ n)"4$n#+
($ "+/ #'n(#'n$/ +*$n%+"$/ 8 '& /$& +($#4+('/ +&+ $*"$+&/$ $n %'(+/ "+/
'/#'n$/, (-n$'/ +&+ %'(' %' ($ /'"(+(4&+/ /$*&$ 64$ n' /$ &$64$&+ 4n+
$"$1+(+ %$n+#(+(. L'/ &n#+"$/ #+*'/ ($ +"#+#-n /'n "+/ $/%&4#%4&+/
*$%9"#+/, $n #'n/%&4##'n$/ ($ #+"($&+/ 8 #'n/%&4##'n$/ n+1+"$/.
7.7.3 ELECTRODO DE IERRO EN POLVO
C"+/)#+#-n AS ($ $"$#%&'('/ +&+ +#$&'/ +" #+&'n' AS!E!02 9#('5,
AS!E!0 &4%"'5, AS!E!0 9/#'5, AS!E!02 &4%"'5 8 AS!E!02
9/#'5.
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A" Caracer
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#+&+#%$&:/%#+/ *$#9n#+/ /'n 4%">+('/ $n #'n/%&4##-n '))!/?'&$ 8 #+"($&$&:+
$/+(+, ('n($ /$ $@g$n +"%'/ 1+"'&$/ ($ *+#%' + +3+ %$*$&+%4&+.
7.7.6 ELECTRODO DE BAJO IDROGENO.
C"+/)#+#-n AS ($ $"$#%&'('/ +&+ +#$&'/ +" #+&'n' AS!E!0 N+5 '#'
)&$#4$n%$/ 8 AS!E!0 B5 *48 4%">+('/
A" Caracer-n '& "+ #4+" n$#$/%+n 4n )4n($n%$ $n /4 #'*'/#-n, #'*' $" $/+%'
)"'&.
L+ $"$1+(+ &''-n ($ TO2 8 ($ /"#+%' '%9/#', $&*%$n /4 4/' $n
#'&&$n%$ +"%$&n+. S'n )4$&%$*$n%$ ?g&'/#-#'/, '& "' 64$ &$#/+n ($ #$&%+/
&$#+4#'n$/ +&+ $1%+& 64$ 4n+ &$%$n#-n ($ ?4*$(+( '&gn$ '&'/(+($/ $n $"
*$%+" ($'/%+(' 8 )/4&+#'n$/ +3' $" #'&(-n $n $" /'"($' ($ +#$&'/ )$&&:%#'/ ($ +"%+
&$//%$n#+ ' ":*%$ $"9/%#'.
B" E%cr*a%"
P$&%$n$#$n + "'/ //%$*+/ C+O!SO2, 2C+O!SO2 8 KC+'!SO2. L+ $/#'&+ $/
'#' +4n(+n%$, ($ #'"'& +&(' 8 +/$#%' &""+n%$. S4 )"4($> /$ #'n%&'"+ +g&$g+n('
$/+%' )"'& +" &$1$/%*$n%'. S4$ + "+ /4$&)#$ #'n &+($> '& "' 64$ /'n '#'
&'+"$/ "+/ n#"4/'n$/. S$ $"*n+ #'n *$n'/ )+#"(+( 64$ "+ ($ "'/ '%&'/ %'/ ($
$"$#%&'('/.
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C" Arc"
En g$n$&+", "+ 1$"'#(+( ($ )4/-n n' $/ $"$1+(+ n %+*'#' /''&%+n g&+n($/
n%$n/(+($/ ($ #'&&$n%$. O)&$#$n 4n+ 1$"'#(+( ($ /'"($' &+>'n+"$ $n '/#-n
?'&>'n%+" ' #'&n/+ 8 *9/ &9(+ $n 1$&%#+" +/#$n($n%$, '&64$ $/ $/%+ '/#-n+(*%$n 4n+ n%$n/(+( ($ #'&&$n%$ *9/ +"%+ 64$ '%&'/ $"$#%&'('/.
L+ "'ng%4( ($ +' $/ *9/ #'&%+ 64$ $n $" #+/' ($ "'/ &4%"'/. L+ %$n/-n ($
#$+(' $/ $"$1+(+, +&'@. V. P'& $/%+ &+>-n, +"g4n'/ )++n%$/ &'#$($n +
*&$gn+& ($ g&+)%', $@#$"$n%$ #'n(4#%'& $"7#%', 4n' ($ "'/ $@%&$*'/ ($" $"$#%&'(',
+&+ )+#"%+& ($ $/%+ *+n$&+ $" $n#$n((' ($" +'. L'/ 9/#'/ /'n *9/ ():#"$/ ($
*+n$3+& 64$ "'/ '%&'/ $"$#%&'('/.
D" Re)&*-*e) =ra>*-?r*c"
O/#"+ $n %'&n' +" 0.
E" Mea+ &e6%*a&"
En $" *'*$n%' ($ "+ )4/-n /$ &'(4#$ 4n+ 1$&(+($&+*#&' *$%+"4&g+, #'n
)3+#-n ($ $"$*$n%'/ *$%9"#'/ $n $" *$%+" )4n(('. P4$($n '%$n$&/$ +/:, '& +(#-n
($ $"$*$n%'/ +($#4+('/ %+"$/ #'*' Mn, C&, N, M', $%#. /'"(+(4&+/ ($ $"$1+(+/
#+&+#%$&:/%#+/ *$#9n#+/ 8 ($ +"%+ &$//%$n#+ #'n%&+ ($%$&*n+('/ +g$n%$/
#'&&'/1'/. E" *$%+" ($'/%+('/ /$ $n#4$n%&+ &9#%#+*$n%$ $@$n%' ($ *4&$>+/,
"&$ ($ ?(&-g$n' H2 0 *5 8 ($ '&'/(+(, / $" &$1$/%*$n%' $/%9 /$#'. P'/$$
+($*9/ 4n+ $"$1+(+ #++#(+( ($ ($)'&*+#-n ( +&'@. K05 8 &$/$n%+ 4n+ +"%+
%$n+#(+(.
F" Preca/c*)e% e%6ec
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4n +*$n%$ ?*$(', ($$n /$#+&/$ /g4$n(' $/%%+*$n%$ "+/ &$#'*$n(+#'n$/ ($
/4 )++n%$.
L+ %$*$&+%4&+ ($ /$#+(' $n ?'&n' ' $/%4)+ 8 $" %$*' n$#$/+&' ($
$&*+n$n#+ + $/+ %$*$&+%4&+ ($$n /$& "'/ +($#4+('/ + "+ #'*'/#-n ($"&$1$/%*$n%', 64$ /-"' $" )++n%$ #'n'#$ "+ $@+#%%4(. En $)$#%', "+ ?4*$(+(
+/'&(+ /$ $n#4$n%&+ $n )'&*+ ($ ?(&+%' "' 64$ &$64$&$ %$*$&+%4&+/ $"$1+(+/
+&+ $@%&+$& $" +g4+ +%&++(+ $n "'/ #&/%+"$/.
;" A6+*cac*)e%"
E" #+*' ($ +"#+#-n $/ *48 +*"'. Un+ ($ "+/ 1$n%+3+/ ($ "'/ $"$#%&'('/
9/#'/ $/ 64$ 4$($n $"*n+& $" S '& /4 &$+##-n #'n $" Mn, )'&*+n(' #'*4$/%'/
64$ +/+n + "+ $/#'&+, '& "' 64$ "+ /'"(+(4&+ &$+">+(+ #'n $/%$ %' ($ $"$#%&'('/
*4$/%&+ 4n+ g&+n &$//%$n#+ +" +g&$%+*$n%' $n #+"$n%$.
E" *$%+" ($'/%+(' $/ '#' /$n/"$ + "+ )/4&+#-n, n#"4/' $n /'"(+(4&+
/'*$%(+ + )4$&%$/ %$n/'n$/ ($ $*&(+*$n%' '& #'n(#'n$/ ($ &g($>. S$ 4%">+n
+*"+*$n%$ $n "+ /'"(+(4&+ ($ $/%&4#%4&+/ *$%9"#+/, &$#$n%$/ /'*$%('/ +
&$/-n, #'n/%&4##-n n+1+" 8 *+64n+&+. P+&+ &$/'"1$& $" &'"$*+ ($ /4 )4$&%$
?g&'/#'#(+(, +#%4+"*$n%$ /$ $/%9n ($/+&&'""+n(' $"$#%&'('/ 9/#'/ *$n'/
&'$n/'/ + #+%+& ?4*$(+( $"$#%&'('/ LMA L'M'/%4&$A/'&%'n5.
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8) APLICACIONE DE LO ELECTRODO
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P+&+ +/$g4&+& 4n+ /'"(+(4&+ ($ #+"(+(, ($$n %$n$&/$ $n #4$n%+ "'/ #n#'
)+#%'&$/ /g4$n%$/
E"$#%&'(' +($#4+('.
L'ng%4( ($ +' #'&&$#%+. In%$n/(+( ($ #'&&$n%$ +($#4+(+. V$"'#(+( ($ +1+n#$. -n $n%&$ $" *+%$&+" +/$ 8 $" ($
+'&%$. S $n "+ "'ng%4( $ ($*+/+(' #'&%+, n' g$n$&+ /4)#$n%$ #+"'& +&+
)4n(& +($#4+(+*$n%$ $" *$%+" +/$ 8 $" $"$#%&'(' /$ $g+. L + "'ng%4(
+($#4+(+ ($" *+%$&+" +/$ + "+ 4n%+ ($" $"$#%&'(' $/ $" (9*$%&' ($"
n4#"$-*$%9"#' ($" $"$#%&'('.
3"0 INTENSIDAD DE CORRIENTE ADECUADA:S "+ #'&&$n%$ $/ ($*+/+(' +"%+, $" $"$#%&'(' )4n($ *8 ($ &/+ 8 $" +' ($
)4/-n $/ *48 g&+n($ $ &&$g4"+&. S, '& $" #'n%&+&', "+ #'&&$n%$ $/ *48 +3+ n'
?+8 /4)#$n%$ #+"'& +&+ )4n(& $" *$%+" +/$ 8 $" +' ($ )4/-n $/ *48
$64$'.
3"1 VELOCIDAD DE AVANCE:C4+n(' "+ 1$"'#(+( ($ +1+n#$ $/ $@#$/1+, $"+' ($ )4/-n n' $&*+n$#$
":64(' $" %$*' /4)#$n%$ +&+ ($/&$n($&/$ ($ %'(+/ "+/ *4&$>+/. S "+
1$"'#(+( $/ *48 "$n%+, $" *+%$&+" /$ +*'n%'n+ &'(4#$n(' #'&('n$/ *48
+n#?'/ 8 g&4$/'/.
3"2 POSICIN DEL ELECTRODO:L+ '/#-n ($" $"$#%&'(' #'n &$"+#-n + "+ $>+ %$n$ 4n+ g&+n n)"4$n#+ /'&$
"+ )'&*+ ($" #'&(-n 8 $/ *'&%+n%$ $n "'/ #'&('n$/ $n Ang4"' 8 $n
($%$&*n+(+/ '/#'n$/ ($ /'"($'.
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;) PO ICIONE PARA OLDAR
E@/%$n g&+n 1+&$(+( ($ %'/ ($ 34n%+/ 8 /'n 1+&+/ "+/ '/#'n$/, $n "+/
#4+"$/ 4$($ &$+">+&/$ 4n+ /'"(+(4&+.L+ /'"(+(4&+ '& +' 4$($ ?+#$&/$ $n #4+"64$&+ ($ "+/ #4+%&' '/#'n$/
9/#+/
P"+n+ V$&%#+" H'&>'n%+" S'&$ #+$>+
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
"! POSICIN PLANAE/ ($#&, /'&$ 4n "+n' ?'&>'n%+". L+ $3$#4#-n ($ #'&(-n $n $/%+ '/#-n $/
*9/ )9#" 8 $#'n-*#+. En "' '/"$, "+ $>+ ($$ #'"'#+&/$ ($ %+" )'&*+, 64$ $&*%+
"+ $3$#4#-n ($ "'/ #'&('n$/ $n $/%+ '/#-n.
"# POSICIN VERTICALL+/ "+n#?+/ + /'"(+& /$ $n#4$n%&+n $n
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/g4$n(' "+ (&$##-n ($ 4n $3$ 1$&%#+". L+ /'"(+(4&+ /$
4$($ $3$#4%+& %+*7n $n /$n%(' ($/#$n($n%$.
"0 POSICIN HORIZONTALL+/ "+n#?+/ $/%++ #'"'#+(+/ ?'&>'n%+"*$n%$ 8
"'/ #'&('n$/ $ $3$#4%+n ?'&>'n%+"*$n%$.
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'& ($+3'. E/ 4n+ '/#-n n1$&/+ + "+ '/#-n "+n+.
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
+/ + /'"(+& #4+n(' /'n ($ $/$/'& #'n/($&+"$, 8 +&+ &$+">+& $"#'&%$ ($ #?++/, +&&+/ ($ +#$&' +" #+&'n' ($ +3+ +"$+#-n 4 '%&'/ $"$*$n%'/ )$&&'/'/.
E" '@#'&%$ #'n/%+ ($ ('/ $%++/ $n "+ &*$&+, $" +#$&' /$ #+"$n%+ + +"%+ %$*$&+%4&+
00 C5 #'n "+ ""+*+ &'(4#(+ '& $" '@:g$n' 8 4n g+/ #'*4/%"$ $n "+ /$g4n(+, 4n+
#'&&$n%$ ($ '@:g$n' #'&%+ $" *$%+" 8 $"*n+ "'/ -@('/ ($ ?$&&' &'(4#('/.
En $/%$ &'#$/' /$ 4%">+ 4n g+/ #'*4/%"$ #4+"64$&+ +#$%"$n', ?(&-g$n',
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*+%$&+", *$n%&+/ 64$ #'*' g+/ #'*4&$n%$ /$*&$ ?+ ($ 4%">+&/$ '@:g$n' + )n ($
#+4/+& "+ '@(+#-n n$#$/+&+ +&+ $" &'#$/' ($ #'&%$.
+ ' '& /$+&+(', %'(' /'"$%$ #'&%+('& &$64$&$ ($ ('/
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+&+ $" #'&%$ '@:g$n'5. E" /'"$%$ ($ '@#'&%$
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+$&%4&+ ($ "+ 19"14"+ ($ '@:g$n' &'1'#+ 4n+
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($&&%$ $n )'&*+ ($ #?/+/ +" /$& /4
%$*$&+%4&+ ($ )4/-n n)$&'& + "+ ($" +#$&'.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 40
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>) MA9UINA ? ERRAMIENTA E IN UMO
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T+"+(&+('&+/ &+(+"$/
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>.3 E MERIL ANGULAR
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O%&' )+#%'& $/ $" '($& ($ *4"/' n$4*9%#' ' $"7#%'5, "'/ &* &$1'"4#'n$/ '&
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>.6 BA E @INCROMATO
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"1"0VENTAJA
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A-(*e)e S;A$, 4n *+' $n $" #4+" g$/%'n+& "'/ *+#%'/ 64$ /$ &'(4#$n $n $" *$('
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11) EGURIDAD INDU TRIAL
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11.1 NORMA
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N' ($3+& ?$&&+*$n%+/ ' #4+"64$& '%&' *+%$&+" $n "'/ $/+#'/ ($ 4/' #'*n '
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1) TIEMPO EMPLEADO EN LA EJECUCIN DEL PROYECTO
1.1 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADE
TIEMPO DEL !1 DE ABRIL AL #3 DE MAYO DEL #G!1
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
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DE INNOVACIN YO MEJORA
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N PZA" MATERIALPRECIO
CUPRECIOTOTAL
0 PZA. CUADRADO @ 2 ** $/$/'& 20.00
PZA T4' &$('n(' @ 2 ** $/$/'& 0.00
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UNID M'%'& E"// ($ @ 0 RPM
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UNID D/#'/ ($ ($/+/%$ .00 K.00
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2 PZA P"+%n+ ($ 2= $/$/'&
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
TOTAL
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6) P%*/- "/ C-%$**
6.1 ANTECEDENTE DE INVENCIN
E" *$+(' ($ "+ #'n/%&4##-n, #'*' %+n%'/ '%&'/, $/%9 n*$&/' $n 4n &'#$/' ($
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Proyecto: Volteador de javas 57
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6.2 DE CRIPCIN DE LA REALI@ACIN
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64$ "4$g' /4 /+"(+ /$ ?+ '& "+ %'"1+ n)$&'&.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 58
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6.3 PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO
L+ +""+ %$&&+5 64$ $n%&+ $n $" *'"n' $/ g'"$+(' '& 4n #'n34n%' ($ *+&%""'/g&+n(' + 4n+ +3+ 1$"'#(+(. D$ $/%+ *+n$&+, /$ &'(4#$ 4n+ &*$&+ &'%4&+ '& *+#%'.
E/%'/ *+&%""'/ "+n>+n #'n%&+ $" n%$&'&, ('n($ /$ $n#4$n%&+ 4n+ /$&$ ($ "+#+/ ($
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n%$+*+& '& '%&'/ *+&%""'/ &$""$n+('/ +&+ 64$ /4 &$n(*$n%' ($" *'"n' /$ '%*'.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 59
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6.6 VOLCADOR DE JAVA
E" *'"n' ($ *+&%""'/ $/%9n n(#+('/ +&+ "'/ &'#$/'/ ($ "+ *'"$n(+ ($ &'(4#%'/
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Proyecto: Volteador de javas 60
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6.7 OBJETIVO DEL VOLCADOR DE JAVA
E" *'"n' /$ #'n/%&48' '& 2()$&$n%$/ &+>'n$/
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($ "'/ "+(&""'/ 8 +&+ 64$ "+ $*&$/+ /+"g+ $n$)#+(+ $n"+ n1$n#-n ($ %$&&+.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 61
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
6.8 PA O A EGUIR EN EL PROCE O DE FABRICACIN DEL
VOLCADOR DE JAVA
. T&+>+(', '@#'&%+(' 8 %+"+(&+(' ($ %++/ "+%$&+"$/.2. T&+>+(', '@#'&%+(' ($ %++ /4$&'& $ n)$&'&.K. T&+>+(', '@#'&%+(' 8 %+"+(&+(' ($ +n#?+/ "+%$&+"$/ ($ %++ &n#+".. T&+>+(', '@#'&%+(' 8 %+"+(&+(' ($ "+n#?+/ '&%+ 84n64$ "+n#?+ ($ *+#%'.
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Proyecto: Volteador de javas 62
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7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
63/95
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
64/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 64
-
7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
65/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
M$(& %4' #4+(&+(' ($ @ 2 ** ($ $/$/'& 8 %&+>+& +&+ #'&%+ (#?+ *$((+.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 65
-
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66/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
C'&%+n(' %4'/ #'n *'"+('&+ ($ (/#' ($ #'&%$ #'n "+/ *$((+/ "+n%$+(+/+n%$&'&*$n%$.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 66
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67/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
E/#4+(&+n(' "'/ %4'/ + 0\ +&+ "+/ *$((+/ $@+#%+/ +&+ #'n/%&4& "+ +/$.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 67
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
A4n%+"+& %4' #4+(&+('.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 68
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69/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
R$/'"(+& %4' #4+(&+('.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 69
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
D$/+/%+n(' #'&('n$/ 8+ /'"(+('/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 70
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
A4n%+"+& #+n+"$/ + "+ +/$.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 71
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
R$/'"(+& #+n+"$/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 72
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73/95
Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
E/#4+(&+& + 0\ +&+ +4n%+"+&.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 73
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
R$/'"(+& #+n+"$/
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 74
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
-
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
T&+>+& 8 *$(& "+n#?+ n'@(+"$.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 76
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
M$(& 8 #'&%+& +&+ #'n/%&4& "+/ +&+n(+/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 77
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
A4n%+"+& 8 /'"(+& +&+n(+/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 78
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
C'n/%&4##-n ($ "+ #+:(+ ($ "+/ 3++/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 79
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
C'"'#+& #+n+"$/ ($ g4:+ +&+ #+($n+.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 80
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
C'"'#+& *'%'& EPLISS @ 0 &*.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 81
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
R'*$& #+($n+/ + "+ *$((+ 64$ $/%9n $n "+ /$+&+#-n ($ "+/ 'n$/.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 82
-
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
C'"'#+n(' #+($n+/ + "+ *$((+ 64$ /$ $/%+ "+n%$+n('
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 83
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 84
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
V'"#+('& ($ 3++/ %$&*n+(' 8 $*+"+('.
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 86
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 87
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 88
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 89
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 90
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7/26/2019 Monografia - Volcador de Javas 01
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 92
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 93
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
Proyecto: Volteador de javas 94
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Mecnica de Construcciones Metlicas
BIBLIOGRAFA
M+n4+" ($ S'"(+(4&+ +" +' E"7#%' 8 $"$#%&'(' &$1$/%(' II M+n4+" ($ S'"(+(4&+ +" +' E"7#%' 8 $"$#%&'(' &$1$/%(' III M+n4+" ($ S'"(+(4&+ +" +' E"7#%' 8 $"$#%&'(' &$1$/%(' V 6:e%"K**6e&*a"r=K**Ta+a&ra&ra 6:e%"K**6e&*a"r=K**E%-er*+a)=/+ar 6:KKK"e%a("e%e%%6e&/ca*)6rce%%*cre"c7- 6:e%"K**6e&*a"r=K**O*cre 6:KKK"%+&e%a"c-"6e 6:KKK"er+*)"e%
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