USA BPPA presentation 07
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Transcript of USA BPPA presentation 07
![Page 1: USA BPPA presentation 07](https://reader035.fdocumento.com/reader035/viewer/2022062306/5874b8a31a28ab1b098b7d85/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The California Solid-Fuel Biomass Power Industry
How California is Helping,…..Or Not
January 2007
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What Are the California Biomass Plants?
They all……
Burn wood wastes…To boil water…And make steam…To turn the steam turbine…That turns the generator…That makes electricity…That is sold wholesale…To the utilities.
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Wheelabrator’s Shasta Energy Co., Anderson, CA 53 MW
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Delano Energy, Kern County. 50 MW
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Delano Plant Boilers
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Colmac Energy 47 MW Riverside Co. CA
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Current Biomass Power Industry
• 28 Operating Plants
• In 17 Counties
• 555 MW net generation capacity
• About 1.75% of California’s Power
• 14 Idle Plants, 117 MW capacity
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California Biomass Power plants 2004
MW net
0-1515-3030-60
operating idle dismantled
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Today,
the California biomass power industryis using
about 7 MILLION tons per year
of wood wastes
to generate electricity.
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The Biomass Power Industry Fuels:
All are wastes with no higher-value market.
Three categories of waste wood fuel source:
1. Forest-derived2. Agricultural residues3. Urban wood wastes
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1. Forest-derived Fuels
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Over Dense Forestland
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Shears cut all trees to be removed…
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Skidders move the cut trees from forest to roadside landing…
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Chippers process whole trees directly into chip vans…
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Cull Logs
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What We Have ByThe Millions Of Acres
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Dead Trees in San Bernardino National Forest
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Thinning Helps Prevent This
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2. Agricultural-residue Fuels
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Orchard Prunings
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Whole Tree Orchard Removals
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Rice Hull
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Walnut Shell
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Almond shell
Pistachio shell
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OpenBurningOfAgWastes
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3. Urban Wood Waste Fuels
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Urban/Industrial Wood
Pallets
Raw lumber from drop boxes
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Urban Wood Waste
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URBAN WOOD WASTES
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Eucalyptus
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Railroad Ties
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Urban Wood;Energy Instead of This
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Brush
Today we are reaching out for more diverse fuel sources …
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Wax Coated Corrugated Cardboard
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Marijuana
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Over 40% Smaller than the Peak in the Mid-90s.
Our State has lost 2 plants per yearfor the last 5 years.
117 MW of generating capacity closed.
California’s Biomass Power IndustryIs in Decline.
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Why is This Happening?
• It’s the Fuel, Stupid!
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Change in the Fuel Mix 1992 – 2006 (% of BDT)
1992 2006Forest-derived 62% 43%Urban 18% 35%Ag 20% 22%
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Biomass Generation is Expensive
• Collection• Chipping• Trucking• On-site Handling
• Contrast to the cost of the fuel for a wind generator, or a hydro or geothermal plant.
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Value of the Non-Electric Benefits??
Calculate the costs of the alternate fates of the materials
NREL says > 10 cents/kWh
Plants are paid:5.37 – 6.45 cents for the electricity, orShort-Run Avoided Cost (SRAC)
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California has tried to help…
1. What has not worked.
2. What has worked, sort of.
3. What is now in play.
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1. What has Not Worked
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1a. Ag Fuel Grants
$10/ton of ag fuels used;Effective while it lasted
2000-2001;
Legislature pulled the plugafter a year.
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The Biomass Power IndustryA huge waste-management industry…
That makes a little electricity on the side.
BUT….
Is not paid for the non-electric benefits.
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1b. Trash Bill Surcharge
75 cents a monthon everybody's trash bill;
Distribute as a usage-basedfuel subsidy.
No Traction.
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1c. California has passed a Renewable Portfolio Standard.
It has not worked.20% Renewable kWh by 2010;Fulfilled by kilowatt hours alone;Not differentiated by technology;Effectively, Low Price Wins.
Utilities have resisted.
Wind is winning most of the bids.No new biomass plants.
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2. What has worked..sort of.
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Subsidizes biomass generation a bit during Off-Peak hours;
Funding from Ratepayers “Public Good Charge”
Keeps most plants running and consuming waste. (This is good.)
BUT…The subsidy is very limited.
2a.The California Energy Commission
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California's Biomass Power Decline - 1993 to Present
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2b. “Fixed” Prices
Most renewables negotiatedfixed energy prices w/IOUs
(Escalate at 1%/yr.);
5-year term;
After 5 years???
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3. What’s now in play.
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3a. New State Policy, April 2006(After 10 years of trying.)
Biomass-to-Electricity is to constitute 20% of RPS;
(Includes LFG)
20% of 20% = 4%Double the existing industry?
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The California PUC
Is deciding the gas-based price that renewable generators should be paid by the utilities.
A decision may be released this spring.
How this interacts with State Policy and the RPSIs up in the air.
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The CPUC, CARB, CEC,CIWMB, CalEPA, CDF&FP,
Resources Agency, Food & Ag, Dept. of Gen’l Svcs, SWRCB
are trying to figure out how to implement the 20% Policy.
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The CECis now deciding on
continuation of the ‘off-peak’ subsidy.
Will it continue?If so, at what level?
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Conclusions
The California biomass industry future depends on:
1. Implementation of the 20% Policy;2. The future determination of SRAC;3. Fuel availability from Federal lands;4. Continuation of the “Off-Peak” subsidy
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Send Guns, Money, and Lawyers